MY PRESENTATION ON 4-PORT 2-ELEMENT MIMO ANTENNA FOR 5G PORTABLE APPLICATIONS WHEN I WAS WORKING ON THIS DEMO PROJECT TAKING FROM IEEE SITE REST U CAN GO THROUGH I WISH IT WILL BE HELPFULL FOR OTHERS STUDENTS I AM UPLOADING THIS PPT OF MINE TO HELP THOSE STUDENTS ONLY. WE ALL CAN DO IT GUYS HAVE FAITH INYOURSELF AND MOST IMPORTANTLY NEVER GIVE UP THANKS

1. 4 - P O R T 2 -
E L E M E N T M I M O
A N T E N N A F O R 5 G
P O R TA B L E
A P P L I C AT I O N S
P R E S E N T E D B Y : P R A T E E K N E G I
M . T E C H 2 N D Y E A R ( D S P )
R O L L N O . - 2 0 0 0 9 0 7 0 4 0 0 2

2. A B S T R A C T:
In this paper, we used a low-profile 4-port,
2-element Antenna for 5G applications, i.e.
IOT (Internet Of Things) with a height h =
3.0 mm.
Here we use a similar shaped 2-planar
inverted F antenna (PIFA) elements. Each
antenna has 2-feeding plates at right
angle so that they will be cross-polarized
for exploitation of polarization diversity,
whereas spatial diversity is employed by
positioning the same antennas diagonally
on opposite side.
For reducing mutual coupling, etching of
rectangular slots on ground plane has
been done to stop current for between 2-
ports of the antenna.
Maximum isolation achieved by ports < -
25db, and envelope correlation coefficient
is below 0.009 in band of interest. The
minimum frequency covered by 4-ports of
antenna is from 2.7 to 3.6 GHz for S11 < -
10db, which is suitable for 5G band (3300-
3600MHz), and also used for portable,
IOT and cellular applications as
diversity/MIMO antenna.

3. I N T R O D U C T I O
N
With the enormous change in evolution in the field of wireless
communication systems, there is a requirement of high-performance
portable applications which include very high data rates normally 5G, the
next generation telecommunication standard expected to have data rates
of 10 Gbps.
Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) means that two or more than two
antennas are used simultaneously for transmission and reception by a
suitable radio channel.
MIMO uses multipath for achieving higher data rates due to which
reliability and range will increase without any extra bandwidth, this also
improves spectral efficiency which we can cope with high data rates
used for different services.
Antenna diversity is the technique used in no clear line-of-sight (LOS) in
radio channels to handle multipath fading, and this technique is
employed by different types of schemes such as spatial, pattern and
polarization diversities or a combination of these schemes.

4. Diversity gain can also be calculated by using these types of diversity
schemes considering different factors like environment, interferences, and
available space.
The 2-port ,2-element MIMO antennas found in literature to achieve
diversity gain by using space diversity.
However, less attention is given to antennas having two or more ports
connected to a common radiating element for diversity/MIMO applications
using polarization or pattern diversities. This is because there is a difficulty
in isolation of ports placed very close to each other.
Whereas, in case of 4-port MIMO antennas, mainly 2D printed antennas
found in literature with an omnidirectional radiation pattern with lower gain.
There are also some 4-port 4-element MIMO antennas with 3D structure
which takes too much space for 4 antennas elements using only spatial
diversity technique.

5. But in literature there is no existence of any 3D MIMO antenna structure
with 4-ports using only 2 antenna elements which would save both
space and cost.
So, this paper presents a 4-ports 2-element antenna with a h =3.0 mm
using PIFAs (Planar Inverted F Antennas) as antenna elements, which is
having more feature like directional radiation pattern and high gain, PIFA
is best suitable for IOT and handheld portable applications. Each
element of PIFA has 2 feeding ports connected to a common radiating
plate with the help of polarization and pattern diversity and these 2
feeding plates are at right angled to each other.
We can also use spatial diversity between 2 PIFAs as the 2 antennas
elements are positioned diagonally to the opposite ends of ground
plane.

6. D E S I G N
C O N F I G U R A T I O N
:
• Four-port two-
element MIMO
antenna with a
ground plane having
dimensions Wg × Lg
(50 mm × 100 mm)
shown in fig 1.
• FR-4 material is
used as dielectric
substrate having
relative permittivity
εr = 4.4 and
thickness t = 1.5

7. • There are 2 PIFA which are on opposite side of ground
plane and each PIFA consists of a top radiating plate
having dimensions Wt × Lt where Wt = 16 mm and Lt = 33
mm respectively.

8. PIFA has a shorting plate and two feeding
plate. Each shorting plate dimensions are Ws
× (h + t), where width of each shorting plate is
Ws = 1 mm, and these are positioned at
respective upper ends of the ground plane
beneath the top plates of each PIFA.
Since the two ports under the same radiating
element of each PIFA are placed very close to
each other, there is a need of using an
isolation technique for decreasing mutual
coupling between two ports. For this purpose,
a slot is cut in the ground plane beneath top-
plate of each PIFA.

9. • Fig. 2, shows a
prototype of MIMO
antenna fabricated
in which two-slots
are etched where
the dimension of
each slot is Sx × Sy
(42 mm × 22 mm),
and the separation
of each slot from
higher ends of
ground plane is Dy
= 5 mm.

10. R E S U L T S
A N D
D I S C U S S I O
N :
• Simulated and
measured
results of
reflection
coefficients S11,
S22, S33 and
S44, and the
mutual coupling
S12, S13, S14,
S23, and S24 in
dB are shown in
Figs. 3 and 4.

11. • The minimum bandwidth obtained by
all the four ports for S11 < −10 dB is
approximately 900 MHz from around
2.7 GHz to 3.6 GHz.
• maximum isolation achieved between
ports of two PIFAs is below −25 dB
whereas the minimum isolation
achieved between the ports of same
PIFA element is around −13 dB in
region of interest.

12. • The measured 2D radiation
patterns of four-port antenna are
presented in Fig. 5, which clearly
indicates that the pairs (1 & 3, 2
& 4) have complimentary
radiation patterns to prove the
presence of pattern diversity to
obtain diversity gain.

13. • Peak gains obtained by all the four
ports in 2 GHz to 4 GHz frequency
range are shown in Fig. 7, which
depicts that minimum peak gain
obtained between 2 GHz and 4 GHz
is above 3 dB.
• The total embedded element
efficiencies of four ports vary from 80
% to 92% for the frequencies from
2.0 GHz to 4.0 GHz.

14. C O N C L U S I O
N :
• A low-profile and
compact 4-port, 2-
element antenna
using PIFA as
antenna element for
height h = 3.0 mm is
presented for 5G IoT
and cellular portable
applications as
diversity and MIMO
antenna.

15. R E F E R E N C
E S :
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and J. C. Zhang, ‘‘What will 5G be?’’ IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., vol. 32, no.
6, pp. 1065–1082, Jun. 2014.
[2] G. J. Foschini and M. J. Gans, ‘‘On limits of wireless communications in a
fading environment when using multiple antennas,’’ Wireless Pers. Commun.,
vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 311–335, Mar. 1998.
[3] P.-S. Kildal and K. Rosengren, ‘‘Correlation and capacity of MIMO systems
and mutual coupling, radiation efficiency, and diversity gain of their antennas:
Simulations and measurements in a reverberation chamber,’’ IEEE Commun.
Mag., vol. 42, no. 12, pp. 104–112, Dec. 2004.
[4] R. G. Vaughan and J. B. Andersen, ‘‘Antenna diversity in mobile
communications,’’ IEEE Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. VT-36, no. 4, pp. 147–172,
Nov. 1987.
[5] P. Mattheijssen, M. H. A. J. Herben, G. Dolmans, and L. Leyten,
‘‘Antennapattern diversity versus space diversity for use at handhelds,’’ IEEE
Trans. Veh. Technol., vol. 53, no. 4, pp. 1035–1042, Jul. 2004.
[6] S. Zhang, J. Xiong, and S. He, ‘‘MIMO antenna system of two
closelypositioned PIFAs with high isolation,’’ Electron. Lett., vol. 45, no. 15, pp.
771–773, Jul. 2009.

16. THANK YOU