Rural urban fringe - definition, types, factors, structure

1. RURAL URBAN FRINGE
Dept. OF URBAN AND REGIONAL PLANNING
BY
K. SAI PRANEETH
B.TECH PLANNING
SPA, JNAFAU

2. RURAL URBAN FRINGE

3. CONTENTS
Definition
Structure
Stages of growth and
its role in urban growth

4. DEFINITION
Rural urban fringe(RUF):
It is a zone or frontier discontinuity between city and
country in which rural and urban land use are intermixed.
FRINGE is defined as relation to the city and exists
in agriculture hinterland(area around or beyond a
major town) where land use is changing.

5. STRUCTURE
 City area consists of two
types of administrative
areas.
1. The municipal towns or
nagar panchayats.
2. Revenue villages or gram
panchayats.

6. structure
A. MUNICIPAL TOWNS:
1. In this towns the level of municipal services is as good as
in the main city.
2. The municipal towns differ in terms of their distance from
the main city.
3. The provision of amenities in these towns tends to be
unrelated to that in the main city and of very poor quality.

7. structure
B. REVENUE VILLAGES:
• They are completely urbanized with much , if not all,
agricultural lands are converted into residential areas.
• Others are only partially affected, in yet other land use is
entirely rural, the only link with the city being the daily
commuters.
• As a result, the rural urban fringe has a complex structure.

8. Example:
I.
In calcatta, madras and delhi, the fringe begins will
beyond the city limits.
II. The area lying just outside the municipal limits is an
important area of new residential, industrial and
commercial development.
III. In greater bombay, the rural-urban fringe does begin
within the city limits, substantial portion of the fringe is
within the legal city.

9. STAGES OF GROWTH
 INTRODUCTION:
o R .Ramachandran and srivastava, well known
urban geographer.
o In 1950’s during a study of villages lying in the
RUF of delhi, they had found a particular
pattern of stages trough which a village
community passes as the village gets
transformed into an urban one.

10. STAGES OF GROWTH
The rural urban fringe developed as FOUR aspects:
1)
2)
3)
4)
Spatial interaction with city.
Social dimensions.
Physical aspects.
Economic aspects.
Keeping this aspects in view, there can be
FIVE stages in the process of transformation.

11. 1)RURAL STAGE:
 Agriculture is the
main occupation of
the people who live in
villages.
 Land less laborers
form a large group and
work as a agricultural
laborers.

12. RURAL STAGE
 Interaction between the
city and village is
minimum.
 Movement is restricated
only to jobs in urban areas
and trips for sale of
agricultural produce.
 Such villages lack almost all
the facilities available in
the city.

13. 2)THE STAGE OF AGRICULTURAL
LAND USE CHANGE
 The city offers a market for products like milk,
vegetables and e. t. c . And villagers are in a position
to supply.
 Few farmers notice it and take advantage of this
oppurtunity.
 The village in this manner becomes vegetable farm
and milk shed of the city.
 The three FACTORS which are responsible for
development is:

14. FACTORS
1. Increase in city population leads to the demand for
products like milk, and vegetables.
2. Improvement in transportation facilities. As a result,
village become more accessible then before.
3. In this case, people’s awareness and direct contact
with the city increases over a period of time.

15. 3)STAGE OF OCCUPATIONAL
CHANGE
The village population responds to the employment
opportunity in the city.
Some village families have started business like repair
shops, tea shops, grocery in city.
The mobility of village population increases and
number of scooters, bikes, cars and city buses
increases.
Houses are rebuilt with better furnished and well
equipped in the villages.

16. 4)STAGE OF URBAN LAND USE
GROWTH
 A few plots of land from villagers are purchased by
real estate agents from the city.
 They develop into a residential colonies within a
short time and they convert village lands into city
life.
 Lands near main road which connects the village to
city are first developed.

17. 4)STAGE OF URBAN LAND USE
GROWTH
• EXAMPLE: some of the villages in fringe zone around delhi
are in “urbanizable limits”.
• Farmers are not allowed to sell their lands to private land
developers.
• Instead they sell them to Delhi development authority
(DDA).
• So that Government can develop those lands with master
plan.

18. 5)URBAN VILLAGE STAGE
o Now the fringe village is
converted into urban uses.
o No agricultural lands
around the village.
o Migration starts.
o All around the village site,
we have a number of
urban residential localities.

19. 5)URBAN VILLAGE STAGE
EXAMPLES
• Kotla mubarakapur, defence colony in the east, kasturba
nagar in the north and kidwai nagar in the west are well
known residential areas of delhi.
• Total 110 urban villages are there in delhi.
• The process of transformation of fringe villages is
proceeding rapidly around metropolitan delhi.