Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM: An Application Perspective

Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM Introduction to Hardware TinyOS Installation TinyOS Programming using nesC Simu

Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM:
An Application Perspective

Prakhar Bansal
Registration No. - 2011CS29

Computer Science and Engineering Department
Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad,
Allahabad, India

January 29, 2013
Prakhar Bansal, MNNIT Allahabad 1 / 29
TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM


1 Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM
2 Introduction to Hardware
3 TinyOS Installation
4 TinyOS Programming using nesC
Mote-mote Radio Communication
Mote-PC Serial Communication
5 Simulation with TOSSIM
6 Troubleshooting
TinyOS-2.x versus TinyOS-1.x
Troubleshooting TinyOS-2.1.1
Troubleshooting TOSSIM
7 References



What is TinyOS?

free, open-source, BSD-licensed OS designed for low-power
embedded distributed wireless devices used in sensor networks
[1].
designed to support the concurrency intensive operations
required by networked sensors with minimal hardware
requirements.
developed by University of California, Berkeley, Intel Research
and Crossbow Technology.
written in nesC programming language [2].



What is nesC?

network embedded systems C, C optimized to support
components and concurrency [3].
component based, event driven programming language used
to build application for TinyOS platform.
components are wired together to run applications on TinyOS.
Programs = software components (connected statically via
interfaces).



What is TOSSIM?

simulates entire TinyOS applications [4].
replaces components with simulation implementations.
core code = tos/lib/tossim
2 interfaces: c++ and python.



Introduction to Hardware
MICAz mote: MPR2400CA

Figure: MICAz mote



MICAz mote

2.4 GHz mote for enabling low-power wireless sensor networks.
IEEE 802.15.4 compliant Radio frequency transceiver.
radio, resistant to RF interference and provides inherent data
security.
Atmel128L, low power microcontroller.
51-pin expansion connector.
high speed (250 Kbps), hardware security (AES-128).
MICAz mote speciﬁcation



Sensor Board: MTS400CA
What can it sense?

acceleration: dual-axis acceleration sensor.
atmospheric pressure: barometric pressure sensor.
light: ambient light sensor.
humidity and temperature: relative humidity and temperature
sensor.
MTS400CA speciﬁcation



Sensor Board: MDA100CB
What can it sense?

light: light sensor and photocell.
92 unconnected soldering points.
51-pin connector.
MDA100CB speciﬁcation



Other Hardware

gateway, mib520
usb cable
AA Alkaline batteries



TinyOS Installation
TinyOS-2.1.1: Installation Steps for ubuntu linux

1 Add
“deb http://tinyos.standard.edu/tinyos/dists/ubuntu
[CODENAME] main” in /etc/opt/sources.list
OR add using synaptic [5].
2 To check linux codename use; lsb release − a command.
3 sudo apt-get update OR through synaptic.
4 synaptic; tinyos-2.1.1 install
path: /opt/tinyos-2.1.1
5 Add “source /opt/tinyos-2.1.1/tinyos.sh”line in ∼/.bashrc or
∼/.proﬁle (superuser).
6 compile tinyos.jar and change permissions.


TinyOS Programming using nesC
Blink Application

make micaz install mib520,serial port
make micaz install mib520,/dev/ttyUSB0
change permissions.



Understanding Blink Application
TinyOS Boot Sequence

understanding BlinkAppC.nc and BlinkC.nc
Interfaces: Init.nc, Scheduler.nc and Boot.nc
Conﬁguration ﬁle: RealMainC.nc and module MainC.nc
LedsC.nc



Documentation of TinyOS Programs

make micaz docs
tinyos-2.1.1/doc/nesdoc





BlinktoRadio and BaseStation communications.




TestSerial

mote will send data to PC on a serial-port.
java net.tinyos.tools.Listen -comm serial@/dev/ttyUSB0:micaz
java net.tinyos.sf.SerialForwarder -comm
serial@/dev/ttyUSB0:micaz
java TestSerial
Packet format:

Figure: MICAz mote




MIG-tool: Message Interface Generator

/tests/TestSerial
compile java ﬁles
java net.tinyos.tools.MsgReader -comm
serial@/dev/ttyUSB1:micaz TestSerialMsg




BlinktoRadio/BaseStation

BlinktoRadio motes sends data to BaseStation.




Oscilloscope

SENSORBOARD=basicb/micasb make micaz install,1
mib510,/dev/ttyUSB0
Reading the sensor readings using GUI application.



Simulation with TOSSIM

simulates entire TinyOS application [4]
TinyOS library
works by replacing components with simulation
implementations
core code = tos/lib/tossim
currently for micaz motes only
RadioCountToLeds
make micaz sim
writes xml schema



Running TOSSIM with Python

from TOSSIM import *
t=Tossim([])
t.runNextEvent()
m=t.getNode(32);
m.bootAtTime(45654);
t.runNextEvent()
m.isOn()
m.turnOﬀ()
dir(t)



Printing using debugging statements

RadioCountToLeds; modify Boot.booted()
dbg(“Boot”, “Application booted”);
import sys
t.addChannel(“Boot”, sys.stdout);
t.addChannel(“RadioCountToLedsC”, sys.stdout);
t.runNextEvent()



Conﬁguring a Network

from TOSSIM import *
t = Tossim([])
r = t.radio()
dir(r)
r.add(src, dest, gain)
r.connected(src, dest)
r.gain(src, dest)
r.threshold()
r.setThreshold(val)
creating a topology from ﬁle



Adding a Noise

tos/lib/tossim/noise
uses createNoiseModel()
meyer-heavy.txt
for node number i; t.getNode(i).addNoiseTraceReading(val)
for node number i; t.getNode(i).createNoiseModel()
t.getNode(1).bootAtTime(100001);
t.runNextEvent()
running directly from ﬁle





Replacement of Tinyviz (used in TinyOS-1.x)
no make pc, its make micaz sim
currently only for micaz motes





lots of problem in setting paths and environment variables.
need to compile tinyos.jar
changing permissions of serial ports
do verify serial port
changing permissions of tinyos.jar
may be their is no class ﬁle in the folder, when running some
.class ﬁle, need to run make





change in python version in
/opt/tinyos − 2.1.1/tos/lib/tossim/tossim wrap.cxx



References
TinyOS
http://www.tinyos.net.
TinyOS
http:
//docs.tinyos.net/tinywiki/index.php/Main_Page.
nesC
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NesC.
TOSSIM Simulation
http://www.tinyos.net/dist-2.0.0/doc/html/
tutorial/lesson11.html.
TinyOS Installation
http://docs.tinyos.net/tinywiki/index.php/Getting_
started.


Thankyou

Questions Please?


Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM: An Application Perspective

Empfohlen

Empfohlen

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Ähnlich wie Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM: An Application Perspective

Ähnlich wie Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM: An Application Perspective (20)

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Introduction to TinyOS, nesC and TOSSIM: An Application Perspective