- The Parse Human Becoming Theory was developed by nurse theorist Rosemarie Rizzo Parse to view patients as actively developing and defining their own health based on personal meanings. - The theory is based on the philosophies of Heidegger, Sartre, and Merleau-Ponty and sees human becoming as emerging through freely choosing personal meanings, rhythmic patterns of relating, and multidimensional transcendence beyond limits. - The theory focuses on the nurse-patient relationship and true presence between nurse and patient to understand personal meanings and derive appropriate healthcare interventions.

1. Rosemarie Rizzo Parse Human Becoming Theory By Patricia Goyette

5. Parse Human Becoming Theory Parse's nursing theory (parz-iz) n. a theory that views patients as taking an active and continuous role in their development, being free to select the means of achieving a particular way of living. Nurse and patient should work together to derive the meaning of a particular situation for the patient to enable the planning of health-care intervention. [ R. Parse (20th century), nurse theorist]

8. Assumptions, Processes, Concepts, and Rhythms. Assumptions Processes Concepts and Rhythms Freely choosing personal meanings Illuminating meaning Imaging, valuing, languaging Rhythmical patterns in mutual process with the universe Synchronizing rhythms Revealing-concealing enabling-limiting, connecting-separating Cotranscending multidimensionally Mobilizing transcendence Powering, originating, transforming

12. Strengths/ Weaknesses Strengths Practice guidelines research methodologies Weaknesses Complexity Does not utilized the nursing process

15. Gap in the literature Limited discussion of theory usefulness Education and other disciplines.

18. Bringing all together

19. References American Psychological Association (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (6th ed.). Washington D.C.: Author Aquino-Russell, C. (2005). Practice applications. Practice possibilities for nurses choosing true presence with persons who live with a different sense of hearing. Nursing Science Quarterly , 18(1), 32-36. Retrieved from EBSCO host . Chen, H. (2010). The lived experience of moving forward for clients with spinal cord injury: a Parse research method study. Journal of Advanced Nursing , 66(5), 1132-1141. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2010.05271.x Doucet, T., & Bournes, D. (2007). Review of research related to Parse's theory of human becoming. Nursing Science Quarterly , 20(1), 16-32. Retrieved from EBSCO host . Fawcett, J. (2001). The Nurse Theorists: 21st-Century Updates-Rosemarie Rizzo Parse. Nursing Science Quarterly , 14 (2), 126. Hansen-Ketchum, P. (2004). Parse's theory in practice: an interpretive analysis. Journal of Holistic Nursing , 22(1), 57-72. Retrieved from EBSCO host . Hodges, H. F., Keeley, A. C., & Grier, E. C. (2005). Professional resilience, practice longevity, and parse's theory for baccalaureate education. Journal of Nursing Education, 44 (12), 548-548-54. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/203925256?accountid=14572 Jean-Paul Sartre. (2011, November 5). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Retrieved 01:21, November 6, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jean-Paul_Sartre&oldid=458930075 Karnick, P. (2008). Feeling lonely: a Parse method study with children. Nursing Science Quarterly , 21(2), 156-164. Retrieved from EBSCO host . International Consortium of Parse Scholars. (n.d.). HumanBecoming. Retrieved October 31, 2011, from http://www.humanbecoming.org/human-becoming.php

20. References Continued MacDonald, C., & Jonas-Simpson, C. (2009). Living with changing expectations for women with high-risk pregnancies: a Parse method study. Nursing Science Quarterly , 22(1), 74-82. doi:10.1177/0894318408327298 Martha E. Rogers. (2011, April 17). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Retrieved 16:05, November 5, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martha_E._Rogers&oldid=424559622 Martin Heidegger. (2011, October 27). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Retrieved 01:20, November 6, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?t itle=Martin_Heidegger&oldid=457605462 Maurice Merleau-Ponty. (2011, November 3). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia . Retrieved 16:06, November 5, 2011, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Merleau-Ponty&oldid=458893966 McEwen, M. & Wills, EM. (2011). Theoretical basis for nursing (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. Moore, L. (2000). Severe visual impairment in older women... including commentary by Constantino RE and Allen M with author response. Western Journal of Nursing Research , 22(5), 571-595. Retrieved from EBSCO host . Naef, R., & Bournes, D. (2009). The lived experience of waiting: a Parse method study. Nursing Science Quarterly , 22(2), 141-153. doi:10.1177/0894318409331932 Northrup, D. (2002). Time passing: a parse research method study. Nursing Science Quarterly , 15(4), 318-326. Retrieved from EBSCO host . "Parse's nursing theory." A Dictionary of Nursing. 2008. Encyclopedia.com. (October 22, 2011). http:/ / ww.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O62- Parsesnursingtheory.html Smith, S. (2010). Humanbecoming: not just a theory--it is a way of being. Nursing Science Quarterly , 23(3), 216-219. doi:10.1177/0894318410371844 Thornburg, P., Schim, S., Paige, V., & Grubaugh, K. (2008). Nurses' experiences of caring while letting go. Journal of Hospice & Palliative Nursing , 10(6), 382-391. Retrieved from EBSCO host .