Chemistry makes. Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) more successful By M. Altarriba.

1. Chemistry makes
Concentrated Solar Power
(CSP)
more succesful
Expoquimia 2011
Barcelona
M. Altarriba
BASF

2. BASF at a Glance
BASF – The Chemical Company
The world s leading
world’s
chemical company
Offers intelligent system
solutions and high-value
products for almost all
industries
Sales 2010: € 63,873 million
Income from operations
(EBIT) 2010: € 7,761 million
Employees
at year-end 2010: 109,140
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3. BASF at a Glance
Performance Functional Agricultural
Chemicals Plastics Oil & Gas
Products Solutions Solutions
Performance Dispersions Crop
Inorganics Catalysts Oil & Gas
Polymers & Pigments Protection
Petro- y
Poly- Care Construction
chemicals urethanes Chemicals Chemicals
Inter- Nutrition
Coatings
mediates & Health
Paper
Chemicals
Performance
Chemicals
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4. Chemicals Research and Engineering
History
Ammonia Laboratory was founded by Bosch and Mittasch
1903 Research on ammonia began: N2 + 3 H2 2 NH3
1913 First production of ammonia by the Haber-Bosch-Process
1931 Nobel Prize: Bosch / Bergius
g
Carl Bosch Historic Reactor Plant Antwerp Alwin Mittasch
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5. CSP
CSP (trough) and dispatchability
Receiver: HTF H2O (v)
60%NaNO3
40%KNO3
Trough:
Optical Concentrating
H2O (l)
()
SOLAR DISPATCHABILITY AREA POWER
FIELD Consisting on 2 BLOCK
tanks with molten salts
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6. CSP
CSP (tower) and dispatchability
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7. CSP
CSP and dispatchability
CSP plant in Spain has typically 50 MW of installed power
CSP dispatchable plant in Spain has typically 50 MW of installed power and 7,5
hours of di
h f dispatchability
t h bilit
7,5 dispatchability hours is reached normally with 30.000 t of “solar” salt
Solar salt = 60% sodium nitrate (NaNO3) + 40% potassium nitrate (KNO3)
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8. CSP
The roll of chemistry in CSP
Heat Transfer Fluid (HTF): Organic Oil Heat Storage (TES): Molten salt
Low melting point (12 °C) Nitrates: NaNO3/KNO3 (60:40)
Maximum service temperature 400 °C Capacity around 1000 MWh
Challenge: Challenges:
Higher efficienc thro gh high
efficiency through Reliable s ppl of high q alit salts
supply quality
temperature HTFs More efficient storage systems
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9. High Quality Sodium Nitrate NaNO3
BASF is a leading producer of synthetic high purity
sodium nitrate with technical know-how since 1916
Nitrate salts with low chloride content are critical for
long term safe CSP-storage.
BASF’s synthetical production route leads to a low
chloride content of max. 150 ppm
Expected further strong demand for solar
applications
pp
Investment in capacity expansion of sodium nitrate
or new products at BASF is possible
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10. Solar Reference Projects
BASF sodium nitrate is used in molten salt mix as HTF
and for storage (double function), achieving higher
temperatures, better efficiency and lowering the risk of
corrosion in the following plants
ARCHIMEDE parabolic trough project, It l
b li t h j t Italy
GEMASOLAR solar tower project, Spain
Only as Heat Storage: “Classical” use of synthetic BASF
sodium nitrate in molten salt mix for heat storage:
Several parabolic trough projects, Spain
projects
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11. Solar Reference Projects -- GEMASOLAR
Torresol Energy
17 MW
In operation since 2011
15 h
hrs. di
dispatchable
t h bl
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12. Solar Reference Projects -- ARCHIMEDE
Archimede Solar Energy, ENEA / ENEL
5 MW, hybrid with gas
In operation since 2010
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13. Solar Reference Projects -- 50 MW trough
50 MW
7,5 hrs.
dispatchable
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14. Heat Transfer Fluids for CSP
R&D at BASF
Goal: Higher performance than state of the art HTFs (€/kW)
High temperature stability
g p y
Acceptable melting point
Efficient heat transfer
Implementation in CSP-plants with manageable effort possible
Status of current work
Screening of more than 1000 substances/mixtures yet
4 promising systems identified
Low melting point, high temperature stability up to 500 °C
Low vapour pressure
Long-term tests and corrosion tests in progress
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15. Summary
BASF produces synthetic high quality NaNO3
BASF offers to work together with CSP (developers and EPC’s) to
provide high performance solutions
Knowledge of both chemistry and engineering is the key to success
Collaborations with CSP-companies on development and
p p
testing are highly welcome
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16. Expoquimia 2011, Barcelona
2011
BASF – The Chemical Company
We help our customers to be more successful
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