Prevention strategies for mental disorders in Bangladesh

1. Prevention of Mental Disorders in Bangladesh

2. Prevention
Prevention includes a wide range of activities aimed at
reducing risks or threats to health.

3. Prevention: Public Health Perspective
Three types:
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Tertiary Prevention

4. Primary Prevention
Keeps away a disease or adverse outcome from occurring.
Seeks to decrease number of new cases.
Intervention occurs during predisease stage.
Focus on health promotion.

5. Examples of Primary Prevention
Care of pregnant mother
Vaccination
Treatment of nutritional deficiency
Poverty reduction
Better schooling
Drug control

6. Secondary Prevention
Interrupts the disease process before it becomes symptomatic.
Lower the prevalence of disease.
Intervention occurs during the latent stage of disease.
Focus on early diagnosis.

7. Examples of Secondary Prevention
Early detection of depression through screening
Motivational interviewing for smoking or substance use
Screening for suicidal ideation

8. Tertiary Prevention
Limits physical, mental and social consequences of disease.
Seeks to provide better treatment.
Intervention occurs during symptomatic stage of disease.
Focus on rehabilitation.

9. Examples of Tertiary Prevention
Treatment of mental disorders
Occupational Therapy
Relapse prevention

10. Prevention: Newer Classification
Categorization of prevention based on target population
rather than by disease stage.
Targets disease before it occurs.

11. Prevention: Newer Classification
Three types:
Universal preventive intervention
Selective preventive intervention
Indicated preventive intervention

12. Universal preventive intervention
Targets the whole population.
Desirable for everyone irrespective of risk of disease.

13. Examples of universal preventive intervention
Media campaign
Drug control
Antenatal checkup

14. Selective preventive intervention
Targets individuals whose risks are higher than average.
Risk groups are identified by common psychological,
biological or social factors.

15. Examples of selective preventive intervention
Group Therapy for depressed mothers
Parenting skill training

16. Indicated preventive intervention
Targets high risk individuals.
They have minimal but detectable sign of disease.

17. Examples of indicated preventive intervention
Managing metabolic syndrome in antipsychotic
receivers.
Monitoring prodrome of schizophrenia.
Suicide screening in depression, substance use,
personality disorder.

18. Thank You