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Dr Mareeka Fernando
Medical officer – Nutrition
Teaching Hospital
Anuradhapura
īŊ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢāļē āļēāļąāˇ” āļ¸āˇ’āļąāˇ’āˇƒāˇ āˇƒāˇ„ āļ…āļ´āˇ™āļšāˇ”āļ­āˇŠ āļĸāˇ“āˇ€āˇ“āļąāˇŠ
āļ­āļ¸ āļĸāˇ“āˇ€āˇ’āļ­āļē āˇ€āļ­āˇŠāˇ€āˇ āļœāˇāļąāˇ“āļ¸ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„āˇ āļ†āˇ„āˇāļģ
āļˇāˇāˇ€āˇ’āļ­āˇ āļšāļģāˇ™ āļĸāˇ›āˇ€ āļģāˇƒāˇāļēāļąāˇ’āļš āˇ„āˇ
āļ´āļˇāˇžāļ­āˇ’āļš āˇ€āˇ’āļ¯āˇŠāļēāˇāļ­āˇŠāļ¸āļš āļšāˇŠāļģāˇ’āļēāˇāˇ€āļŊāˇ’āļēāļēāˇ’. āļ‘āļē
āˇāļšāˇŠāļ­āˇ’āļē āˇ„āˇ āļģāˇƒāˇāļēāļąāˇ’āļš āˇ€āˇŠāļēāˇ”āˇ„āļēāļąāˇŠ
āļąāˇ’āļģāˇŠāļ¸āˇāļĢāļē āļšāˇ’āļģāˇ“āļ¸ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āˇŠāļē āļ¯āˇāļģāˇŠāļŽ āļ´āļēāˇāļ¯āˇ
āļœāˇāļąāˇ“āļ´āˇš āļšāˇŠāļģāˇ’āļēāˇāˇ€āļŊāˇ’āļēāļŊāˇ’.
īŊ Nutrition is the biochemical and
physiological process by which human
and other living been’s use food to
support its life. It provides organisms
with nutrients, which can be metabolized
to create energy and chemical structures.
īŊ āļąāˇ’āˇƒāˇ’ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢāļē āļ´āļģāˇāļœ āˇ€āˇāˇ…āˇāļšāˇŠāˇ€āˇ“āļ¸ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„āˇ
āˇƒāˇ„āˇāļē āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē.
āļ´ āˇāļ´āˇ€āˇ™ āļ´āļģāˇāļœ â€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ
āļ´ āˇ āļ´āˇ™āˇāˇ€āˇ™ āļ´āļģāˇāļœ â€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ..
īŊ āļąāˇ’āˇƒāˇ’ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢāļē āļēāˇ„ āˇāˇ€āˇāļ­āˇŠāļ¸āļ§ āˇƒāˇ„āˇāļē
āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē.
āļēāˇ„ āˇāˇ€āˇāļ­āˇŠāļ¸ āļēāļąāˇ” āļ´āļģāˇāļœ āļ´āˇ™āˇāļ¸āˇāļ­āˇ’ āˇ€āˇ“āļ¸
īŊ āˇāˇāļģāˇ“āļģāˇ’āļš āļšāˇŠāļģāˇ’āļēāˇāļšāˇāļģāļšāˇš āˇ€āļ­āˇŠāˇ€āˇ āļœāˇāļąāˇ“āļ¸āļ§
āļ‹ āļšāˇāļģāˇ“ āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē.
āˇƒāˇŠāˇ™āˇāˇ”
āļ¸āˇāˇāļ‚āˇ āļ´āˇšāˇāˇ“
āˇ„āļ¯āˇ€āļ­ āˇƒāˇ„ āļģāˇ”āļ°āˇ’āļģ āˇ€āˇāˇ„āˇ’āļąāˇ“
āļ´ āˇ™āˇ„āˇ…āˇ”
āļ†āļ¸āˇāˇ āļ†āļąāˇŠāļ­āˇŠāļģāļēāˇ’āļš āļ¯āˇŠāļ°āļ­āˇ’āļē
īŊ āļĸāˇ“āˇ€āˇ’āļ­āļ´āˇš āļĩāļŊāļ¯āˇāļēāˇ’āļ­āˇāˇ€ āˇ€āˇāļŠāˇ’ āļšāļģāļēāˇ’.
īŊ āļ´āļģāˇāļœ āˇ€āˇāˇ…āļ¯āˇ”āļĢāˇ” āˇ€āˇ’āļ§ āļ‰āļšāˇŠāļ¸āļąāˇ’āļąāˇŠ āˇƒāˇ”āˇ€ āļ­āˇŠ āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē.
āļ´āļģāˇāļœ āļąāˇ’āˇƒāˇ āˇƒāˇ’āļ¯āˇ”āˇ€āˇ™ āļ¸āļģāļĢ āļ…āļąāˇ” āˇāļ­āļē āļ…āļŠāˇ”
āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē.
īŊ Nutrition supports prevention of diseases.
Communicable disease
Non- communicable disease
īŊ Proper nutrition supports wellness
wellness is not only absence of disease
it is physical, mental and social wellness.
īŊ Helps in maintaining physical activity.
īŊ Increases productivity in life.
īŊ Reduces mortality from disease.
īŊ How to get an idea about the
nutritional status of the client?
īŊ What do you have to see ?
īŊ What do you have to feel ?
āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇāļ´āˇš āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢ āļ­āļ­āˇŠāļ­āˇŠāˇ€āļē
āļ´āˇ’āˇ…āˇ’ āļŗ āļ…āļ¯āˇ„āˇƒāļšāˇŠ āļŊ āˇ āļœāļąāˇŠāļ´āļąāˇŠ āļ´āļšāļ´āˇƒāˇŠāļ¯?
īŊ āļ” āļ§ āļ¯āˇāļšāˇ“āļ¸āļ§ āļ‡āļ­āˇŠāļ´āļ­āˇŠ āļšāˇ”āļ¸āļšāˇŠāļ¯?
īŊ āļ” āļ§ āļ¯āˇāļ´āˇ™āļąāˇŠāˇ™āļ§ āļ‡āļ­āˇŠāļ´āļ­āˇŠ āļšāˇ”āļ¸āļšāˇŠāļ¯?
Details of the patient
īŊ Diet pattern
īŊ What did the client eat
īŊ How much did the client eat
īŊ Did the client take only liquids
īŊ Did the client drink water
āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇāļ´āˇš āˇ€āˇ’āˇƒāˇŠāļ­āļģ
īŊ āļ†āˇ„āˇāļģ āļģāļ§āˇāˇ€
īŊ āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇ āļšāˇ‘āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē āļ´āļ¸āˇāˇ™āˇ€āˇāļ¯ ?
īŊ āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇ āļ´āļšāˇ āļ¸āļĢ āļšāˇ‘āˇ€āˇāļ¯?
īŊ āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇ āļœāļ­āˇŠāļ´āļ­āˇŠ āļ¯āˇ’āļēāļģ āˇ€āļģāˇŠāļœ
āļ¸āļĢāļšāˇŠāļ¯?
īŊ āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇ āˇ›āļŊāļē āˇāˇ™āļē āļšāˇ…āˇāļ¯?
īŊ āļœāˇ’āļŊāˇ“āļ´āˇš āļ¯āˇ”āˇ‚āˇŠāļšāļģāļ­āˇ
īŊ āļœāˇ’āļŊāˇ’āˇ™ āˇ€āˇ’āļ§ āļšāˇāˇƒāˇŠāˇƒ
īŊ āˇ€āļ¸āˇ™āļē
īŊ āļ”āļšāˇŠāļšāˇāļģāļē
īŊ āˇāļ āˇ™āļē
īŊ āļ¸āļŊ āļ¯āˇŠāļ°āļē
īŊ āļ‰āļšāļ¸āļąāˇ’āļąāˇŠ āļŠ āļ´āˇ’āļģāˇ’āļ¸
īŊ āļšāˇ‘āļ¸āļ§ āļģāˇ”āļ āˇ’āļēāļšāˇŠ āˇ™āˇāļ­
īŊ āļģ āļ…āļŠāˇ” āˇ€āˇ“āļ¸
īŊ āļ”āˇ„āˇ”/āļ‡āļē āļ¸āˇ”āļ­āˇŠāļģāˇ āļšāˇ…āˇāļ¯?
Difficulties
īŊ Swallowing difficulties
īŊ Cough while swallowing
īŊ Vomiting
īŊ Nausea
īŊ Diarrhoea
īŊ Constipation
īŊ Feeling of early satiety
īŊ No appetite to eat
īŊ Loss of weight
īŊ Did he/she pass urine
īŊ We should actively search for nutritional
deficiencies in the client/ patients.
īŊ āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇāļ´āˇš/āļ´āļģāˇāļœāˇ“āļąāˇŠāļ´āˇš āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢ
āļŒāˇ™āļ­āˇ āļ´āˇ’āˇ…āˇ’ āļŗāˇ€ āļ… āļšāˇŠāļģāˇ’āļēāˇāļšāˇāļģāˇ“āˇ€
āļ´āˇƒāˇ€āˇ’āļē āˇ”āļ­āˇ”āļē.
īŊ Hydration status
īŊ āˇƒāˇ›āļŊāˇ™āļē āļ­āļ­āˇŠāļ­āˇŠāˇ€āļē.
īŊ Carbohydrate, protein , lipid deficiencies.
īŊ āļšāˇāļ´ āˇāˇ„āļēāˇ’āļŠāˇŠāļ´āļģāˇŠāļ§āˇŠ, āˇšāļ´āļģāˇāļ§āˇ’āˇ™, āļŊāˇ’āļ´āˇ’āļŠ
āļŒāˇ™āļ­āˇāˇ€āļēāļąāˇŠ.
īŊ Micronutrient deficiencies
īŊ āļšāˇŠāˇ”āļ¯āˇŠāļģ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļš āļŒāˇ™āļ­āˇ
īŊ Weight ( āļģ)
īŊ Height (āļ‹āˇƒ)
īŊ BMI āļēāļąāˇ” āļ´ āˇāļ´āˇ„āˇ āļ´āˇ”āļ¯āˇŠāļœāļŊāļēāˇ’āļąāˇŠāļ´āˇš āˇāļģāˇ“āļģāļ´āˇš
āļ­āļģ āˇāļģāˇ” āˇ€ āļ´āˇ’āˇ…āˇ’ āļŗ āˇ€āˇ’āˇāˇŠāˇ€āˇāˇƒāļ¯āˇāļēāļš
āļ¯āļģāˇŠāˇāļšāļēāļšāˇ’.
āˇƒāˇ‘āļ¸ āˇ€āˇ’āļ§āļ¸ āļ•āˇ™āˇ‘āļšāļ¸āˇ’āļąāˇŠ āļąāˇ’āļģāˇ“āļšāˇŠāˇ‚āļĢāļē āļšāļģāļąāˇŠāˇ™!
īŊ Heart not functioning properly
īŊ Kidney not functioning properly
īŊ Liver not functioning properly
īŊ Lungs not functioning properly
īŊ Anemia āļģāļšāˇŠāļ­āˇ„āˇ“āˇ™āļ­āˇāˇ€āļē
Causes āļ´āˇšāļ­āˇ”
īŊ Iron deficiency
(āļēāļšāļŠ āļŒāˇ™āļ­āˇāˇ€āļē)
īŊ Vitamin B deficiency
(āˇ€āˇ’āļ§āļ¸āˇ’āļąāˇŠ B āļŒāˇ™āļ­āˇāˇ€āļē)
āļ´āļģāˇāļœāˇ’āļēāˇāļ´āˇš /āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇāļ´āˇš
āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢ āļ­āļ­āˇŠāļ­āˇŠāˇ€āļē āˇƒāˇš āļąāˇŠāļ°āļ´āļēāļąāˇŠ
āˇƒāˇāļŊāļšāˇ’āļŊāˇ’āļ¸āļ­āˇŠ āˇ€āˇ“āļ´āˇšāļ¯āˇ“ āļ” āļ§ āˇ„āļ¸āˇ”āˇ€āˇ’āļē āˇ„āˇāļšāˇ’
āˇ€āˇāļ¯āļœāļ­āˇŠ āļģāˇ”āļ°āˇ’āļģ āļģāˇ“āļšāˇŠāˇ‚āļĢ
īŊ Full blood count – heamoglobin
īŊ electrolytes – sodium/ potassium/ calcium
īŊ creatinine
īŊ Blood protein levels -
īŊ Low blood sodium (āļ…āļŠāˇ” āļģāˇ”āļ°āˇ’āļģ āļ´āˇƒāˇāļŠāˇ’āļēāˇš)–
common in elderly. usually results in reduce
responsiveness.
(āˇ€āˇāļŠāˇ’āˇ„āˇ’āļ§āˇ’āļēāļąāˇŠ āļ…āļ­āļģ āˇ„āˇ”āļŊāˇ€ āļ¯āļšāˇŠāˇ™āļ§ āļŊāˇāļ´āˇš.
āˇƒāˇāļ¸āˇāļąāˇŠāļēāļ´āļēāļąāˇŠ āˇšāļģāļ­āˇ’āļ āˇāļģ āļ¯āˇāļšāˇŠāˇ€āˇ“āļ¸ āļ…āļŠāˇ” āļšāļģāļēāˇ’.)
īŊ High blood calcium – causes constipation
āļ…āļ°āˇ’āļš āļģāˇ”āļ°āˇ’āļģ āļšāˇāļŊāˇŠāˇƒāˇƒāˇ’āļēāˇš - āļ¸āļŊ āļ¯āˇŠāļ°āļē āļ‡āļ­āˇ’ āļšāļģāļēāˇ’
īŊ Elderly male need about 2000ml of
water/day
īŊ Elderly females need about 1500mlof
water/day.
īŊ They usually will not feel thirsty.
īŊ ????
īŊ āˇ€āˇāļŠāˇ’āˇ„āˇ’āļ§āˇ’ āļ´āˇ’āļģāˇ’āļ¸āˇ’āļąāˇŠāļ§ āļ¯āˇ’āˇ™āļšāļ§ āˇ›āļŊāļē āļ¸āˇ’āļŊāˇ’ āļŊāˇ“āļ§āļģāˇŠ 2000
āļšāˇŠ āļ¸āļĢ āļ…āˇ€āˇāˇŠāļē āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē
īŊ āˇ€āˇāļŠāˇ’āˇ„āˇ’āļ§āˇ’ āļšāˇāļąāˇŠāļ­āˇāˇ€āļąāˇŠāļ§ āļ¯āˇ’āˇ™āļšāļ§ āˇ›āļŊāļē āļ¸āˇ’āļŊāˇ’ āļŊāˇ“āļ§āļģāˇŠ
1500 āļšāˇŠ āļ¸āļĢ āļ…āˇ€āˇāˇŠāļē āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē.
īŊ āļ”āˇ€āˇ”āļąāˇŠāļ§ āˇƒāˇāļ¸āˇāļąāˇŠāļēāļ´āļēāļąāˇŠ āļ´āˇ’ āˇāˇƒāļē āļ¯āˇāļ´āˇ™āļąāˇŠāļ´āļąāˇŠ
āˇ™āˇāļ­.
īŊ ????
īŊ If the client is not taking enough oral food
āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇ āˇšāļģāļ¸āˇāļĢāˇ€āļ­āˇŠ āļ­āļģāˇš āļ¸āˇ”āļ› āļ†āˇ„āˇāļģ
āļ´āˇ™āˇāļœāļąāˇŠāļ´āļąāˇŠ āˇ™āˇš
īŊ During illness āļ…āˇƒāļąāˇ“ āļšāˇāļŊāļē
īŊ If already malnourished
āļ¯āˇāˇ™āļ§āļ¸āļ­āˇŠ āļ¸āļąāˇŠāļ¯āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢāļē āļ‡āļ­āˇ’āˇ™āˇš
(āˇ€āˇ’āļ§āļ¸āˇ’āļąāˇŠ āˇƒāˇ„ āļ›āļąāˇ’āˇ› āļ…āļ­āˇ’āļ´āļģāˇŠāļšāļē)
īŊ Always read the label
īŊ Always seek advice from a medical profession
regarding the use.
īŊ āˇƒāˇ‘āļ¸ āˇ€āˇ’āļ§āļ¸ āļ´āļŊāˇŠāˇƒ āļŊāļē āļšāˇ’āļēāˇ€āļąāˇŠāˇ™.
īŊ āļˇāˇāˇ€āˇ’āļ­āļē āˇƒāˇš āļąāˇŠāļ°āļ´āļēāļąāˇŠ āˇƒāˇ‘āļ¸ āˇ€āˇ’āļ§āļ¸ āļĸāˇ€āļ¯āˇŠāļē
āˇ€āˇ˜āļ­āˇŠāļ­āˇ’āļšāļ´āļēāļšāˇ”āļ´āļœāļąāˇŠ āļ‹ āļ´āļ¯āˇƒāˇŠ āļŊ āˇ āļœāļąāˇŠāˇ™.
īŊ āļ” āļ§ āˇƒāˇāļšāļēāļšāˇŠ āļ‡āļ­āˇ’ āˇ€āˇ’āļ§
āļĸāˇ€āļ¯āˇŠāļēāˇ€āļģāļēāˇāļ´āļœāļąāˇŠ/āļ´āˇ„āˇ āļˇāˇāļģāļšāˇāļģ
āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢāļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļēāļ¯āˇ’āļēāˇāļ´āļœāļąāˇŠāļ‹ āļ´āļ¯āˇƒāˇŠ āļŊ āˇ āļœāļąāˇŠāˇ™.
maintaining the nutrition status of the client.pdf

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maintaining the nutrition status of the client.pdf

  • 1. Dr Mareeka Fernando Medical officer – Nutrition Teaching Hospital Anuradhapura
  • 2. īŊ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢāļē āļēāļąāˇ” āļ¸āˇ’āļąāˇ’āˇƒāˇ āˇƒāˇ„ āļ…āļ´āˇ™āļšāˇ”āļ­āˇŠ āļĸāˇ“āˇ€āˇ“āļąāˇŠ āļ­āļ¸ āļĸāˇ“āˇ€āˇ’āļ­āļē āˇ€āļ­āˇŠāˇ€āˇ āļœāˇāļąāˇ“āļ¸ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„āˇ āļ†āˇ„āˇāļģ āļˇāˇāˇ€āˇ’āļ­āˇ āļšāļģāˇ™ āļĸāˇ›āˇ€ āļģāˇƒāˇāļēāļąāˇ’āļš āˇ„āˇ āļ´āļˇāˇžāļ­āˇ’āļš āˇ€āˇ’āļ¯āˇŠāļēāˇāļ­āˇŠāļ¸āļš āļšāˇŠāļģāˇ’āļēāˇāˇ€āļŊāˇ’āļēāļēāˇ’. āļ‘āļē āˇāļšāˇŠāļ­āˇ’āļē āˇ„āˇ āļģāˇƒāˇāļēāļąāˇ’āļš āˇ€āˇŠāļēāˇ”āˇ„āļēāļąāˇŠ āļąāˇ’āļģāˇŠāļ¸āˇāļĢāļē āļšāˇ’āļģāˇ“āļ¸ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āˇŠāļē āļ¯āˇāļģāˇŠāļŽ āļ´āļēāˇāļ¯āˇ āļœāˇāļąāˇ“āļ´āˇš āļšāˇŠāļģāˇ’āļēāˇāˇ€āļŊāˇ’āļēāļŊāˇ’.
  • 3. īŊ Nutrition is the biochemical and physiological process by which human and other living been’s use food to support its life. It provides organisms with nutrients, which can be metabolized to create energy and chemical structures.
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  • 7. īŊ āļąāˇ’āˇƒāˇ’ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢāļē āļ´āļģāˇāļœ āˇ€āˇāˇ…āˇāļšāˇŠāˇ€āˇ“āļ¸ āˇƒāļŗāˇ„āˇ āˇƒāˇ„āˇāļē āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē. āļ´ āˇāļ´āˇ€āˇ™ āļ´āļģāˇāļœ â€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ āļ´ āˇ āļ´āˇ™āˇāˇ€āˇ™ āļ´āļģāˇāļœ â€Ļâ€Ļâ€Ļ.. īŊ āļąāˇ’āˇƒāˇ’ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢāļē āļēāˇ„ āˇāˇ€āˇāļ­āˇŠāļ¸āļ§ āˇƒāˇ„āˇāļē āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē. āļēāˇ„ āˇāˇ€āˇāļ­āˇŠāļ¸ āļēāļąāˇ” āļ´āļģāˇāļœ āļ´āˇ™āˇāļ¸āˇāļ­āˇ’ āˇ€āˇ“āļ¸
  • 8. īŊ āˇāˇāļģāˇ“āļģāˇ’āļš āļšāˇŠāļģāˇ’āļēāˇāļšāˇāļģāļšāˇš āˇ€āļ­āˇŠāˇ€āˇ āļœāˇāļąāˇ“āļ¸āļ§ āļ‹ āļšāˇāļģāˇ“ āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē. āˇƒāˇŠāˇ™āˇāˇ” āļ¸āˇāˇāļ‚āˇ āļ´āˇšāˇāˇ“ āˇ„āļ¯āˇ€āļ­ āˇƒāˇ„ āļģāˇ”āļ°āˇ’āļģ āˇ€āˇāˇ„āˇ’āļąāˇ“ āļ´ āˇ™āˇ„āˇ…āˇ” āļ†āļ¸āˇāˇ āļ†āļąāˇŠāļ­āˇŠāļģāļēāˇ’āļš āļ¯āˇŠāļ°āļ­āˇ’āļē īŊ āļĸāˇ“āˇ€āˇ’āļ­āļ´āˇš āļĩāļŊāļ¯āˇāļēāˇ’āļ­āˇāˇ€ āˇ€āˇāļŠāˇ’ āļšāļģāļēāˇ’. īŊ āļ´āļģāˇāļœ āˇ€āˇāˇ…āļ¯āˇ”āļĢāˇ” āˇ€āˇ’āļ§ āļ‰āļšāˇŠāļ¸āļąāˇ’āļąāˇŠ āˇƒāˇ”āˇ€ āļ­āˇŠ āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē. āļ´āļģāˇāļœ āļąāˇ’āˇƒāˇ āˇƒāˇ’āļ¯āˇ”āˇ€āˇ™ āļ¸āļģāļĢ āļ…āļąāˇ” āˇāļ­āļē āļ…āļŠāˇ” āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē.
  • 9. īŊ Nutrition supports prevention of diseases. Communicable disease Non- communicable disease īŊ Proper nutrition supports wellness wellness is not only absence of disease it is physical, mental and social wellness.
  • 10. īŊ Helps in maintaining physical activity. īŊ Increases productivity in life. īŊ Reduces mortality from disease.
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  • 21. īŊ How to get an idea about the nutritional status of the client? īŊ What do you have to see ? īŊ What do you have to feel ?
  • 22. āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇāļ´āˇš āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢ āļ­āļ­āˇŠāļ­āˇŠāˇ€āļē āļ´āˇ’āˇ…āˇ’ āļŗ āļ…āļ¯āˇ„āˇƒāļšāˇŠ āļŊ āˇ āļœāļąāˇŠāļ´āļąāˇŠ āļ´āļšāļ´āˇƒāˇŠāļ¯? īŊ āļ” āļ§ āļ¯āˇāļšāˇ“āļ¸āļ§ āļ‡āļ­āˇŠāļ´āļ­āˇŠ āļšāˇ”āļ¸āļšāˇŠāļ¯? īŊ āļ” āļ§ āļ¯āˇāļ´āˇ™āļąāˇŠāˇ™āļ§ āļ‡āļ­āˇŠāļ´āļ­āˇŠ āļšāˇ”āļ¸āļšāˇŠāļ¯?
  • 23. Details of the patient īŊ Diet pattern īŊ What did the client eat īŊ How much did the client eat īŊ Did the client take only liquids īŊ Did the client drink water
  • 24. āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇāļ´āˇš āˇ€āˇ’āˇƒāˇŠāļ­āļģ īŊ āļ†āˇ„āˇāļģ āļģāļ§āˇāˇ€ īŊ āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇ āļšāˇ‘āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē āļ´āļ¸āˇāˇ™āˇ€āˇāļ¯ ? īŊ āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇ āļ´āļšāˇ āļ¸āļĢ āļšāˇ‘āˇ€āˇāļ¯? īŊ āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇ āļœāļ­āˇŠāļ´āļ­āˇŠ āļ¯āˇ’āļēāļģ āˇ€āļģāˇŠāļœ āļ¸āļĢāļšāˇŠāļ¯? īŊ āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇ āˇ›āļŊāļē āˇāˇ™āļē āļšāˇ…āˇāļ¯?
  • 25. īŊ āļœāˇ’āļŊāˇ“āļ´āˇš āļ¯āˇ”āˇ‚āˇŠāļšāļģāļ­āˇ īŊ āļœāˇ’āļŊāˇ’āˇ™ āˇ€āˇ’āļ§ āļšāˇāˇƒāˇŠāˇƒ īŊ āˇ€āļ¸āˇ™āļē īŊ āļ”āļšāˇŠāļšāˇāļģāļē īŊ āˇāļ āˇ™āļē īŊ āļ¸āļŊ āļ¯āˇŠāļ°āļē īŊ āļ‰āļšāļ¸āļąāˇ’āļąāˇŠ āļŠ āļ´āˇ’āļģāˇ’āļ¸ īŊ āļšāˇ‘āļ¸āļ§ āļģāˇ”āļ āˇ’āļēāļšāˇŠ āˇ™āˇāļ­ īŊ āļģ āļ…āļŠāˇ” āˇ€āˇ“āļ¸ īŊ āļ”āˇ„āˇ”/āļ‡āļē āļ¸āˇ”āļ­āˇŠāļģāˇ āļšāˇ…āˇāļ¯?
  • 26. Difficulties īŊ Swallowing difficulties īŊ Cough while swallowing īŊ Vomiting īŊ Nausea īŊ Diarrhoea īŊ Constipation īŊ Feeling of early satiety īŊ No appetite to eat īŊ Loss of weight īŊ Did he/she pass urine
  • 27. īŊ We should actively search for nutritional deficiencies in the client/ patients. īŊ āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇāļ´āˇš/āļ´āļģāˇāļœāˇ“āļąāˇŠāļ´āˇš āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢ āļŒāˇ™āļ­āˇ āļ´āˇ’āˇ…āˇ’ āļŗāˇ€ āļ… āļšāˇŠāļģāˇ’āļēāˇāļšāˇāļģāˇ“āˇ€ āļ´āˇƒāˇ€āˇ’āļē āˇ”āļ­āˇ”āļē. īŊ Hydration status īŊ āˇƒāˇ›āļŊāˇ™āļē āļ­āļ­āˇŠāļ­āˇŠāˇ€āļē.
  • 28. īŊ Carbohydrate, protein , lipid deficiencies. īŊ āļšāˇāļ´ āˇāˇ„āļēāˇ’āļŠāˇŠāļ´āļģāˇŠāļ§āˇŠ, āˇšāļ´āļģāˇāļ§āˇ’āˇ™, āļŊāˇ’āļ´āˇ’āļŠ āļŒāˇ™āļ­āˇāˇ€āļēāļąāˇŠ. īŊ Micronutrient deficiencies īŊ āļšāˇŠāˇ”āļ¯āˇŠāļģ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļš āļŒāˇ™āļ­āˇ
  • 29. īŊ Weight ( āļģ) īŊ Height (āļ‹āˇƒ)
  • 30. īŊ BMI āļēāļąāˇ” āļ´ āˇāļ´āˇ„āˇ āļ´āˇ”āļ¯āˇŠāļœāļŊāļēāˇ’āļąāˇŠāļ´āˇš āˇāļģāˇ“āļģāļ´āˇš āļ­āļģ āˇāļģāˇ” āˇ€ āļ´āˇ’āˇ…āˇ’ āļŗ āˇ€āˇ’āˇāˇŠāˇ€āˇāˇƒāļ¯āˇāļēāļš āļ¯āļģāˇŠāˇāļšāļēāļšāˇ’.
  • 31.
  • 32. āˇƒāˇ‘āļ¸ āˇ€āˇ’āļ§āļ¸ āļ•āˇ™āˇ‘āļšāļ¸āˇ’āļąāˇŠ āļąāˇ’āļģāˇ“āļšāˇŠāˇ‚āļĢāļē āļšāļģāļąāˇŠāˇ™!
  • 33.
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  • 41. īŊ Heart not functioning properly īŊ Kidney not functioning properly īŊ Liver not functioning properly īŊ Lungs not functioning properly
  • 42. īŊ Anemia āļģāļšāˇŠāļ­āˇ„āˇ“āˇ™āļ­āˇāˇ€āļē Causes āļ´āˇšāļ­āˇ” īŊ Iron deficiency (āļēāļšāļŠ āļŒāˇ™āļ­āˇāˇ€āļē) īŊ Vitamin B deficiency (āˇ€āˇ’āļ§āļ¸āˇ’āļąāˇŠ B āļŒāˇ™āļ­āˇāˇ€āļē)
  • 43. āļ´āļģāˇāļœāˇ’āļēāˇāļ´āˇš /āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇāļ´āˇš āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢ āļ­āļ­āˇŠāļ­āˇŠāˇ€āļē āˇƒāˇš āļąāˇŠāļ°āļ´āļēāļąāˇŠ āˇƒāˇāļŊāļšāˇ’āļŊāˇ’āļ¸āļ­āˇŠ āˇ€āˇ“āļ´āˇšāļ¯āˇ“ āļ” āļ§ āˇ„āļ¸āˇ”āˇ€āˇ’āļē āˇ„āˇāļšāˇ’ āˇ€āˇāļ¯āļœāļ­āˇŠ āļģāˇ”āļ°āˇ’āļģ āļģāˇ“āļšāˇŠāˇ‚āļĢ
  • 44. īŊ Full blood count – heamoglobin īŊ electrolytes – sodium/ potassium/ calcium īŊ creatinine īŊ Blood protein levels -
  • 45. īŊ Low blood sodium (āļ…āļŠāˇ” āļģāˇ”āļ°āˇ’āļģ āļ´āˇƒāˇāļŠāˇ’āļēāˇš)– common in elderly. usually results in reduce responsiveness. (āˇ€āˇāļŠāˇ’āˇ„āˇ’āļ§āˇ’āļēāļąāˇŠ āļ…āļ­āļģ āˇ„āˇ”āļŊāˇ€ āļ¯āļšāˇŠāˇ™āļ§ āļŊāˇāļ´āˇš. āˇƒāˇāļ¸āˇāļąāˇŠāļēāļ´āļēāļąāˇŠ āˇšāļģāļ­āˇ’āļ āˇāļģ āļ¯āˇāļšāˇŠāˇ€āˇ“āļ¸ āļ…āļŠāˇ” āļšāļģāļēāˇ’.) īŊ High blood calcium – causes constipation āļ…āļ°āˇ’āļš āļģāˇ”āļ°āˇ’āļģ āļšāˇāļŊāˇŠāˇƒāˇƒāˇ’āļēāˇš - āļ¸āļŊ āļ¯āˇŠāļ°āļē āļ‡āļ­āˇ’ āļšāļģāļēāˇ’
  • 46. īŊ Elderly male need about 2000ml of water/day īŊ Elderly females need about 1500mlof water/day. īŊ They usually will not feel thirsty. īŊ ????
  • 47. īŊ āˇ€āˇāļŠāˇ’āˇ„āˇ’āļ§āˇ’ āļ´āˇ’āļģāˇ’āļ¸āˇ’āļąāˇŠāļ§ āļ¯āˇ’āˇ™āļšāļ§ āˇ›āļŊāļē āļ¸āˇ’āļŊāˇ’ āļŊāˇ“āļ§āļģāˇŠ 2000 āļšāˇŠ āļ¸āļĢ āļ…āˇ€āˇāˇŠāļē āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē īŊ āˇ€āˇāļŠāˇ’āˇ„āˇ’āļ§āˇ’ āļšāˇāļąāˇŠāļ­āˇāˇ€āļąāˇŠāļ§ āļ¯āˇ’āˇ™āļšāļ§ āˇ›āļŊāļē āļ¸āˇ’āļŊāˇ’ āļŊāˇ“āļ§āļģāˇŠ 1500 āļšāˇŠ āļ¸āļĢ āļ…āˇ€āˇāˇŠāļē āļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļē. īŊ āļ”āˇ€āˇ”āļąāˇŠāļ§ āˇƒāˇāļ¸āˇāļąāˇŠāļēāļ´āļēāļąāˇŠ āļ´āˇ’ āˇāˇƒāļē āļ¯āˇāļ´āˇ™āļąāˇŠāļ´āļąāˇŠ āˇ™āˇāļ­. īŊ ????
  • 48.
  • 49. īŊ If the client is not taking enough oral food āļ´āˇƒāˇŠāˇ€āˇāļ¯āˇāļēāļšāļēāˇ āˇšāļģāļ¸āˇāļĢāˇ€āļ­āˇŠ āļ­āļģāˇš āļ¸āˇ”āļ› āļ†āˇ„āˇāļģ āļ´āˇ™āˇāļœāļąāˇŠāļ´āļąāˇŠ āˇ™āˇš īŊ During illness āļ…āˇƒāļąāˇ“ āļšāˇāļŊāļē īŊ If already malnourished āļ¯āˇāˇ™āļ§āļ¸āļ­āˇŠ āļ¸āļąāˇŠāļ¯āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢāļē āļ‡āļ­āˇ’āˇ™āˇš
  • 51.
  • 52. īŊ Always read the label īŊ Always seek advice from a medical profession regarding the use. īŊ āˇƒāˇ‘āļ¸ āˇ€āˇ’āļ§āļ¸ āļ´āļŊāˇŠāˇƒ āļŊāļē āļšāˇ’āļēāˇ€āļąāˇŠāˇ™. īŊ āļˇāˇāˇ€āˇ’āļ­āļē āˇƒāˇš āļąāˇŠāļ°āļ´āļēāļąāˇŠ āˇƒāˇ‘āļ¸ āˇ€āˇ’āļ§āļ¸ āļĸāˇ€āļ¯āˇŠāļē āˇ€āˇ˜āļ­āˇŠāļ­āˇ’āļšāļ´āļēāļšāˇ”āļ´āļœāļąāˇŠ āļ‹ āļ´āļ¯āˇƒāˇŠ āļŊ āˇ āļœāļąāˇŠāˇ™.
  • 53. īŊ āļ” āļ§ āˇƒāˇāļšāļēāļšāˇŠ āļ‡āļ­āˇ’ āˇ€āˇ’āļ§ āļĸāˇ€āļ¯āˇŠāļēāˇ€āļģāļēāˇāļ´āļœāļąāˇŠ/āļ´āˇ„āˇ āļˇāˇāļģāļšāˇāļģ āļ´ āˇāˇ‚āļĢāļ´āˇ€āˇŠāļēāļ¯āˇ’āļēāˇāļ´āļœāļąāˇŠāļ‹ āļ´āļ¯āˇƒāˇŠ āļŊ āˇ āļœāļąāˇŠāˇ™.