1. Matter and Change
Physical Science
2009-2010
p. squires

2. Q. What is matter?
A. Matter is anything that …
… has mass,
… and takes up space

3. Properties of Matter
 What is a substance?
 Physical Properties
 Chemical Properties

4. Physical States
What are some
Solid characteristics
Liquid of each?
Gas
Plasma

5. Give the physical state of each of
these:
 Silver Solid
 Gasoline Liquid
 Helium Gas
 Rubbing alcohol Liquid
 Air Gas
 Glass Solid or liquid
 Lightning Plasma

6. Plas
ma

7. Physical Changes
 Physical changes only involve changes in
state or appearance.
 What are some examples of physical
change?

8. Catch words for Physical
Change
 Boil •Split
 Freeze •Grind
 Melt •Cut
 Condense
•Crush
 Break
•Bend

9. Chemical Changes
 Chemical changes and chemical properties
always produce new substances.

10. Chemical or physical change ???
 Food spoiling Chemical
 Nail rusting Chemical
 Oil burning Chemical
 Sugar dissolving Physical
 Water boiling Physical
 Firefly flashing Chemical
 Egg cooking Chemical
 Snowflake melting Physical

11. Pure Substances
 Elements are the building blocks of matter.
 Atoms are the smallest part of an element.

12. Mixtures
 … do not have a definite composition
 … are either heterogeneous,
 with clearly visible components
 … or homogeneous,
 which are uniform in appearance

13. Solutions
 Solutions are homogeneous mixtures
containing a solute which is dissolved in a
solvent.

14. Classify as heterogeneous,
or homogeneous (solution)
 Blood Homogeneous
 Choc. chip ice cream Heterogeneous
 Brass (Cu-Zn alloy)
Homogeneous
 Homogenized milk
Homogeneous
 Hummingbird food
Homogeneous
(solution)

15. We separate mixtures …
… based on differences in the chemical and
physical properties of the components in the
mixture.

16. How would you separate the
following?
 Aluminum filings and iron filings?
 Saw dust and sand?
 Salt and powdered charcoal?
 Water and alcohol?

17. Density

18. What is density?
Density is the ratio of m
the mass of an object
D=
to the volume of the
object. V
Typical units of density are
grams per milliliter, g/mL

19. Density calculations
 A student determines that a piece of an
unknown material has a mass of 5.854 g
and a volume of 7.57 cm3. What is the
density of the material, rounded to the
correct number of significant digits?
D= m/v
D= 5.854g/7.57 cm3
D= .77 g/cm3

20. Measurements
Accuracy
and
Precision

21. Consider four targets and three
shots on each:
Low Precision High Precision
Low Accuracy Low Accuracy
Low Precision High Precision
High Accuracy High Accuracy

22. Precision vs Accuracy
 Precision – the reproducibility of the
measurement
 Accuracy – the closeness to the
correct answer