The document discusses an upcoming workshop on urban agriculture. The workshop will cover topics like permaculture design principles, edible landscaping, LED grow lights, solar greenhouses, living walls and rooftop gardens, and social enterprise. It provides details on the schedule, location, and contact information. The workshop aims to teach participants how to turn an urban homestead into an integrated and sustainable social enterprise through urban agriculture techniques.

1. Urban Agriculture
Turning an urban homestead into an integrated and
sustainable, social enterprise.
Restoring Community, Protecting the Land
and Informing the Earth’s Stewards
114 Upper Prince Street, Charlottetown
Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A4S3
Phone: (902) 367-0390; E-mail: ibs_pei@yahoo.com
www.ibspei.ca

2. Workshop Agenda
• Permaculture Design Principals
• Edible Landscaping
• LED Grow Lights
• Solar Greenhouses
• Living Walls and Rooftop Gardens
• Social Enterprise
• Urban Homestead Design

3. Permaculture = "permanent" & “culture."
Its roots evolve from
• the design of sustainable
agricultural systems,
• techniques and principles
of ecologically designed
communities,
• urban restoration and
self-reliant regions.
in such a way that all life benefits
(i.e. human and non-human).

4. Permaculture Ethics
and Guiding Principles
Permaculture Ethics
• Care of land;
• Care of people;
• Reduce
consumption and
share surplus.

5. Principle 1:
Ethics, care of land and people
Caring for the land,
people and all life
would be a
step forward for all.

6. Principle 2:
Relative location
The strategic selection
and placement of
plants, animals,
structures, etc., so that
the yields of one
element become
the requirements for
What does the chicken produce that can be used by
other elements in the design?
another element

7. Principle 3:
Multiple functions, single element
Every element should
provide at least three
functions.
• A "living" fence can act as a
barrier, act as a windbreak, and
provide food and medicine for
the family.
• When designed into a system,
bees can provide; food, income,
and pollination.

8. Principle 4:
Multiple elements, single function
Multiple elements for a single
function adds diversity and makes
the local ecosystem more
resilient to environmental
fluctuations.
For instance, for heating a structure,
the elements would include:
• body heat from animals,
• south facing windows, and
• the use of thermal mass to store
the collected heat.

9. Principle 5:
Efficient energy planning
The goal is to help reduce
the amount of effort
(primarily human labour)
The property is divided into
zones related to how
frequently each zone is visited.
The more intensive the activity
the closer to human habitation
it should be.

10. Zones and Sectors
Sectors take into
• Zone Zero - Home consideration the
• natural elements and
Zone One – Home Garden
wildlife.
• Zone Two – Home Orchard
• Zone Three – Farm
• Zone Four – Managed Forest
• Zone Five - Wilderness

11. Principle 6:
Biological resources
• Move away from
monocultures.
• Mimic the diversity and
resistant qualities of
natural systems.
• Focus on utilizing energy flows (water, wind, etc.)
that pass through a region.

12. Principle 7:
Energy recycling
Energy flowing through the
system is used in many ways.
• Water systems might create
keyline swales and dams as
it passes through the
landscape.
• Energy recycling would
also include recovering
biogas from waste and
orientating structures to
obtain maximum solar gain.

13. Principle 8:
Maximize diversity
• Build stability by maximizing
diversity, in terms of plants
animals and in terms of
livelihood.
• Maximize the number of
beneficial interactions
• Create as many microsites,
and habitats as possible by
increasing edges, patterns,
and plant guilds.

14. Principle 9:
Stacking
Stack elements in vertical
and horizontal space as
well as in time to grow as
much as possible in a
vertical plane so larger
areas of land can be
put back into a more
natural state in the hope
of healing the planet.

15. Principle 10:
Appropriate technology
Use implements that are
E.F Schumacher,
locally made, can be ‘Small is Beautiful’
repaired locally, and used
with the skills of local
people.
Also, have less reliance on
fossil fuels.

16. Principle 11:
Scale
Return to smaller scale
technology and a balance
with technical diversity.
http://www.ferrari-
tractors.com/smallscale.htm

17. Mollison's 7 Permaculture Laws
• (1) Everything is
connected to
everything else.
• (2) Everything gardens.

18. Mollison's 7 Permaculture Laws
(3) Yield of a system is
theoretically unlimited.
Limited only by the
imagination and
experience of the
designer.
(4) "Protracted and
thoughtful observation,
rather than protracted
and thoughtless
labour."

19. Mollison's 7 Permaculture Laws
5) The problem is in the
solution, or everything
works both ways.
Problems turned into
assets and wastes into
resources.
(6) Stay out of the bush; it
is already in good order.

20. Mollison's 7 Permaculture Laws
(7) Work with nature
instead of against it.

22. Edible Landscaping

23. Optimizing Use of Small Space

24. Vertical Gardens

25. Outdoor Vertical Summer Gardens

26. Experimental Outdoor,
Year-round Wall

27. Vertical Herb and Flower Garden

28. Fruit
Blueberries
Black Current
Haskap Berries
Haskap Berries

29. Haskap Hedge with Sedum
Black Currant in Foreground

30. Haskap Berry

31. Propagating Black Currants

32. Rhubarb & Fiddleheads

33. Rhubarb

34. Hops
(1/8 acre: 500# flowers/100,000 litres of beer)

35. Agro-Forestry

36. Food Forest Garden Plant List
Mulberry Black
Raspberry

37. Food Forest Garden Plant List
Cherry Heartnut
Asian Pears European Pears

38. Food Forest Garden Plant List
Plums
Plumcots
Chum Apple

39. Food Forest Garden Plant List
Apricot
Dwarf Peach
Nectarine
Seaberry

40. Food Forest Garden Berry List
Almonds Aronia - Choke
Plant
Quince Shipova – Pear x Mtn Ash

41. Food Forest Garden Plant List
Pawpaw
Persimmon
Gooseberries

42. Apple Trellis System

43. Grape Trellised on House
Spring 2012 August 2012

44. Grape Arbour

45. Kiwi Arbour and
Straw bale Garden

46. Hardy Kiwi and Rhubarb

47. Straw bale Garden

48. Container Grown Mint

49. Wild Mint

50. Edible Landscape Video Links
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2bvThJn9gQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tQDISDZnpPw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yKwJ6pIWqLw
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OSsCvpDbMW8
Books by Rosalind Creasy

51. LED Grow Lights

52. 11’x15’ Indoor Grow Room; 154 mature plants
There is a capacity for mature 400 plants, using the same systems,
in this room and still have room for a four trier germination rack

53. LEDs for Home and
Commercial Gardening

54. Omega Garden
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=84zh7XL15n8&feature=related

55. Self-watering Planter
1 2
3 4

56. Planters on Decks

57. Structures

58. Small-scale Coops & ‘Tractors’

59. Root Cellars
rootcellarsrock.ca/food-skills-workshops/
http://

60. Rooftops

61. Green, Green, Greenhouse

62. Shed & Hydro-Garden

63. Gardens & Sheds

64. Insulated Cold frames
April

65. Insulated Cold frames
May

66. Insulated Cold frames
June

67. Livestock
Quail
Chicken
Partridge

68. Worms
Red Wiggler Worms
Common Earthworms

69. Bees

70. Urban Bee Yard

71. Indoor Wall Mounted
Observation Hive
‘www.bonterrabees.com’

72. Solar Greenhouse Rules of Thumb
Design:
•If the greenhouse is longer than 16ft., the East and West walls should be
solid.
•For maximum solar heat gain, the glazed, south side should be tilted to the
same degree latitude you are located at, plus 15 degrees.
•For maximum solar benefit on plant growth the glazed, south side should be
tilted to latitude plus 5 degrees
•Snow can reflect 50 more total radiation through a vertical wall than a tilted
wall can transmit.
•The angle of the north roof should approximate 30 degrees to reflect light
down on the inside.
•There should be a double doorway/vestibule on the main entrance if the
greenhouse is not attached to another building.
•Insulate with R-20 in the walls and R-40 the roof.

73. Solar Greenhouse Rules of Thumb
Foundation:
•For a greenhouse less than 300sq. ft. should be attached, a pit or dug into
the side of a hill.
•The floor in a five foot deep pit (no wider than 12ft.) will average 40-50
degrees Fahrenheit, year round; providing warmth in the winter and cooling
in the summer.
Glazing:
•Glazing should equal at least 1/4 of the total floor area.
•R-12 insulation over the glazing for 14 hours will reduce the buildings heat
loss by one half.
•The south wall should be double glazed.
•The east and west walls should be a triple glazed.
•The north wall should be insulated and painted white.

74. Solar Greenhouse Rules of Thumb
Heat Storage:
•Choose building materials that absorb heat quickly.
•Use as much storage as possible.
•Use at least 1/2 cubic foot of stone or 4 gallons of water/sq.ft. of glazing
•Insulate the perimeters of the foundation.
•If it gets above 90 degrees in December, January, or February more
storage is needed.
•Provide heat storage directly below plants.
•Rocks 3/4 of an inch to 1 1/2 inches in diameter are most suitable for
storage bins.
•The surface area of the storage should be at least equal to the floor area.
Location:
•The greenhouse should face within 30 degrees of true south.
•No obstruction as tall as the greenhouse should be within 4 1/2 times the
height of the house.
•Provide a wind break on the north side with trees, buildings, or hills.
•If the floor area is less than 200sq. ft., the greenhouse should be attached
to another building.

75. Solar Greenhouse Rules of Thumb
Plant Care:
•If the greenhouse faces 15 degrees east of south, it will benefit plant
response to light intensity.
•Red and blue light from painted walls will promote healthy growth and
earlier flowering.
•Plants prefer fluctuating temperatures from day to night.
•Water once/ day during summer and once/ week during winter.
Solar Heat Benefit:
•During the day a greenhouse can put excess heat into an attached
building heating an area over twice its own size.
•A greenhouse will raise the humidity of an attached structure about 5
percent.
•An attached greenhouse is usually cooler than a freestanding structure
since 10-15 percent of the sun's radiation is blocked by the adjoining
structure.

76. Solar Greenhouse Rules of Thumb
Ventilation:
•Vents should equal 1/6 of the floor area with uppers of 1/3 larger than the
lowers.
•Fans regulating air flow should circulate four(4) cubic feet per square foot of
glazing per minute.
•Low vent windows should swing open at the top to aid thermo-circulation and
deter low flying insects from entering the house.
•Upper vents should be located along the upper ridge or on opposite side wall
that a lower vent/door is located.

77. THE PEI ARK – an early exploration in weaving together the
sun, wind, biology, and architecture on behalf of humanity.

78. Outdoor algae ponds

79. Ark – Kitchen Garden

80. Ark Commercial Garden

82. Ark Garden with Aquaculture
Tanks

83. Bedding Plants

84. Veggie Greens

85. The PEI Ark
Active and Passive Solar
Bioshelter

86. Helen and Scott Nearing
‘Living the Good Life’

87. Nearing ‘Sun-Heated Greenhouse’

88. Nearings Forest Farm
Harbourside, Maine

89. The ‘New Garden House’

90. Helen and Scott Nearing Greenhouse
Harbourside, Maine

91. Aquaponic Container Farm
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yKEIkc98qtE&feature=player_embedded#!

92. Aquaponics
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mCCN4nq7BlQ&feature=share

93. Attached Solar/Aquaponic
Greenhouse

94. Green Roof Systems

95. Vertical Gardens and Green Roofs
See: www.atlanticlivingwalls.ca
and www.ibspei.ca

96. Grow Your Own Mushrooms
Oyster Shitake

97. First Mushroom Harvest

98. Mushrooms

99. Ethnic Crops
Pak Choi
Indian Carrots
Chinese Cabbage
Chinese Mustard

100. Ethnic Crops
Japanese Spinach
Kohlrabi Chinese Radish

101. Ethnic Crops
Celtuce
Japanese
Turnip
Rapini
Chinese Broccoli

102. Japanese Egg Plant
Okra
Daikon Radish

103. Urban Agriculture – Be Careful
What You Wish For

104. Urban Agriculture –
Be Careful What You
Wish For

105. Social Enterprise in
the Age of Responsibility

106. Key Principles in the
Age of Responsibility
Considered Design-
Less energy, less waste, reusable resources
•Eliminate Waste,
•Generate Benign Emissions,
•Use Renewable Energy,
•Close the Loop on Production,
•Use Resource Efficient
Transportation,
•Sensitize Stakeholders,
•Redesign Commerce
Life Cycle Assessment and Biomimicry

107. In the Age of Responsibility the company contributes
to and becomes part of the community. It is not just
something to invest in or work at. It is something to believe in.
To:
From:
•Collaborative Partnerships
•Paternalistic Philanthropy
•Reward-based Proactive
•Risk-based Defensive
Strategies
Responses
•Scalable
•Marginal impacts
•Global Consciousness
•Western view
•Service-based, take-back
•Obsolete Products
economy
•Annual CSR reports
•On-line, real time data flows
•Stakeholder groups
•Social networks
•CSR Departments
•CSR Incentives
•Brand/Image Public Relations
•Social, Environmental, and
Ethical Performance

108. Consultation, Design and
Project Management
Community and Corporate Social Responsibility,
Urban Homesteading and Farming,
Green Roofs and Living Walls,
Solar Greenhouses,
Aquaponics,
Contact:
The Institute for Bioregional Studies Ltd.
www.ibspei.ca; phil@ibspei.ca

109. Thank You
Restoring Community, Protecting the Land
and Informing the Earth’s Stewards
114 Upper Prince Street, Charlottetown
Prince Edward Island, Canada C1A4S3
Phone: (902) 367-0390; E-mail: ibs_pei@yahoo.com
www.ibspei.ca