Campo do conhecimento: Enfoque na Modelagem Complexa ou Orientada a Objetos; Campo da comunicação humana:Diretrizes conceituais na modelagem complexa da comunicação humana , Canais Representacionais Mentais, Estilos de Aprender e Ensinar; Teste verificador dos canais representacionais; Teste verificador dos estilos pessoais; Exemplos práticos de utilização do conhecimento complexo na comunicação humana ; Trabalhando com a diversidade e suas potencialidades na comunicação interpessoal afetando positivamente o ambiente de trabalho; Conclusões e Orientações Práticas para o Desenvolvimento de Competências para o Profissional do século XXI.

1. 11/10/2012
This talk addresses fundamental concepts of cloud computing
which are related to parallel and distributed environments.
Cloud Computing: This is followed by a discussion of challenges faced by this
computational paradigm in order to meet the requirements of
Evolution or Redefinition applications from different domains.
Additionally, limitations of the cloud computing paradigm
will be highlightedand finally commercial and
academic study cases will be presented.
Prof. Mario Dantas
Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC)
Informatics and Statistics Department (INE)
Florianópolis - Brazil
E-mail: mario.dantas@ufsc.br
Motivation for this talk Motivation for this talk
a) Internet x Web b) Downsizing x Rightsizing (90's)
Number of computers connected to the internet
From centralised environments to distributed computing
Date Computers Web Server
1979, Dec 188 0
1989,July 130,000 0
1999, July 56,218,000 5,560,866
Motivation for this talk Motivation for this talk
c) Unix x Linux d) wired x wireless networks (90's and early 00's)
Standards (BSD and AT&T) against standard Reliable, high speed links against unsecure and slow
networks
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2. 11/10/2012
Motivation for this talk Motivation for this talk
e) HPC x Cloud Environments f) Academic x Commercial Approach
Are these environments excludents Several challenges in the computer industry
or complementaries paradigms? were studied in the past with an initial collaboration
from the academic community.
BUT, without this approach we can have figures like these:
Motivation for this talk Agenda
> Concepts
g) A special user view > Challenges
“I’ve never seen something more powerful than this computation combined with > Requirements
this network that we now have...
In the last seven years, do you know how many times
I’ve lost any personal data? Zero. Do you know how many times I’ve backed up > Limitations
my computer? Zero.” – Steve Jobs, 1997.
> Study Cases
> Conclusions and Recommendations
Concepts
Agenda
l Architecture evolution
> Concepts
Von Neumann Architecture
> Challenges
l
> Requirements
> Limitations • CPU • Memory l Main bus
> Study Cases
> Conclusions and Recommendations
l I/O bus
• Output • Input
• Device • Device
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3. 11/10/2012
Concepts Concepts
l Architecture evolution l Architecture evolution
l Fermi Architecture
l Old fashion clusters
l Source: [www.nvidia.com]
Concepts Concepts
l Architecture evolution
l Cloud computing buzzwords
l PaaS l PaaS l SaaS
• Remote Viz.
• Groupware
• Virtualization
• • Web Portal
• Collaboration l EC2 l Google
l APPs
l Private
l Public
l Cloud
l Cloud
• [Dominic Lam, IBM]
Concepts Concepts
Cloud computing is a model
But, how can we understand these > for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network
cloud buzzwords? access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources
(e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services)
> that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal
management effort or service provider interaction.
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4. 11/10/2012
Concepts Concepts
Essential Characteristics:
This cloud model is composed of:
1) On-demand self-service;
> five essential characteristics;
> three service models; and 2) Broad network access;
> four deployment models.
3) Resource pooling;
4) Rapid elasticity;
5) Measured service.
Concepts Concepts
Service Model:
1) SaaS (Software as a Service);
2) PaaS (Plataform as a Service);
3) IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service).
l [Zhang, Cheng, Boutaba, 2010]
Concepts Concepts
Service Model
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5. 11/10/2012
Concepts Concepts
Deployment Models:
1) Private cloud. The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for But, is this idea of cloud effort new?
exclusive use by a single organization
2) Community cloud. The cloud infrastructure is provisioned “We will probably see the spread of ‘computer utilities’, w
for exclusive use by a specific community of consumers like present electric and telephone utilities, will service
Individual homes and offices across the country.”
3) Public cloud. The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for [1969, Len Kleinrock]
open use by the general public
4) Hybrid cloud. The cloud infrastructure is a composition
of two or more distinct cloud infrastructures
Concepts
Agenda
> Concepts
“A computational grid is a hardware and software > Challenges
infrastructure that provides dependable, consistent,
pervasive, and inexpensive access to high-end computational > Requirements
capabilities.”
> Limitations
> Study Cases
[1998, Ian Foster and Carl Kesselman]
> Conclusions and Recommendations
Challenges Challenges
But, does the cloud approach have any challenge?
Essential characteristics Examples to remember
But, does the cloud approach have any challenge?
1) On-demand self-service; Self-service restaurant queues;
2) Broad network access; Different roads from different
states/provinces/countries;
3) Resource pooling; Shared or distributed memory;
4) Rapid elasticity; EURO monetary elasticity;
5) Measured service. bills never delay.
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6. 11/10/2012
Challenges
Agenda
> Interoperability: Lack of (or to many) standards; > Concepts
> Challenges
> Human Resources: Small number of people with real
good knowledge of distributed systems; > Requirements
> Limitations
> Security : . Byzantines attacks; > Study Cases
. not yet known......
(e.g. Cyber attacks such as Stuxnet and flame) > Conclusions and Recommendations
Requirements Requirements
Deployment Models:
But, which are the requirements 1) Private cloud. It may be owned, managed,
to have a cloud environment? and operated by the organization, a third party, or some
combination of them, and it may exist on or off premises.
2) Community cloud. It may be owned, managed, and
operated by one or more of the organizations in the
community, a third party, or some combination of them,
and it may exist on or off premises.
Requirements
Agenda
> Concepts
Deployment Models:
> Challenges
> Requirements
3) Public cloud. It may be owned, managed, and
operated by a business, academic, or government > Limitations
organization, or some combination of them. It
exists on the premises of the cloud provider. > Study Cases
4) Hybrid cloud. cloud infrastructures (private, > Conclusions and Recommendations
community, or public) that remain unique entities,
but are bound together by standardized or proprietary
technology that enables data and application portability
(e.g., cloud bursting for load balancing between clouds).
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7. 11/10/2012
Limitations Limitations
> Heterogeneity: cloud providers facilities;
But, does the cloud computing approach
> Elasticity: this number is not known yet;
have any limitation?
> (full) Interoperability: between low level
applications (e.g. virtual machine tools);
> Human resources: developers for this
Hybrid environment (shared, distributed
memory and GPU environments)
Agenda
> Concepts Study Cases
> Challenges
Public Clouds
> Requirements
> Limitations
> Study Cases
> Conclusions and Recommendations
Study Cases
l Public Clouds
l [Zhang, Cheng, Boutaba, 2010]
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8. 11/10/2012
Study Cases
l AZURE (PaaS)
Study Cases Study Cases
l S3 (PaaS)
l S3 (PaaS)
l Source: [www.amazon.com] l Source: [www.amazon.com]
Study Cases
l [Zhang, Cheng, Boutaba, 2010]
Study Cases
Private Clouds
(UFSC/CTC/INE/LaPeSD)
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9. 11/10/2012
Study Cases Study Cases
Private Clouds
(UFSC/CTC/INE/LaPeSD) l System
l Interface l Management
l Provisioning
l Tools
l Monitoring
l Services l Private Cloud
l Catalog
l [Dantas et al., 2009]
Study Cases Study Cases
l A) Context oriented approach Resource Reservation
Study Cases Study Cases
User Centric Authentication
Spatio-Temporal Model
l
l
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10. 11/10/2012
Study Cases Study Cases
l Experimental Results l Experimental Results
l Experimento 1 – Comparação das abordagens de l Experimento 2 – Comparação da eficiência das
autenticação adotando o consumo energético como abordagens de autenticação em termos percentuais
métrica
Study Cases Study Cases
l B) Ontology Approach l Ontology Approach
l Reference Brazil Canada
l VO-C l # processors l VO-B l # processors
l Cluster_01 l 7 l Cluster_1 l 4
l Cluster_02 l 5 l Cluster_2 l 4
l Cluster_03 l 3 l - l -
l Multi-cluster (cloud) configuration
l [Dantas et al., 2009] l [Dantas et al., 2009]
Study Cases Study Cases
Experimental Results Experimental Results
• Interactive Interface • Interactive Interface
• Test without dynamic information
• Test with dynamic information
l [Dantas et al., 2009] l [Dantas et al., 2009]
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11. 11/10/2012
Study Cases Study Cases
Experimental Results Experimental Results
• Interactive Interface • Interactive Interface
• No dynamic information considered
• Dynamic Information
l [Dantas et al., 2009]
l [Dantas et al., 2009]
Study Cases
Agenda
C) Advance reservation of resources through augmented reality > Concepts
> Challenges
> Requirements
> Limitations
> Study Cases
> Conclusions and Recommendations
a.b. This centralized environment adopts
several approaches from:
a. > computer architecture;
a. The cloud approach can be considered now as
redefinition on how to use several existing a. > computer networks:
paradigms, such as:
a.> distributed and parallel computing
Grid computing; b. paradigms;
l Utility computing;
l Virtualization;
l Autonomic computing.
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12. 11/10/2012
a.c. The cloud approach has some news d. The cloud approach in the future could be
challenges to be considered in large scale: a. considered as an Evolution. if the used
paradigms form a new approach
a.> heterogemeity (hw & sw);
a.> security; and
a.> mobile computing interaction.
• Recomendations • Recomendations
• Consider multi- disciplinary subjects, such as: • When developing to cloud environments, do'nt forget:
 DB; > The context aware, ontology and fault tolerance approaches;
> How a better computing performance can help
 Distributed systems (e.g. Mosix, Condor);
(e.g. speed up web paradigm);
 Mobile computing (e.g. sensors); > Mobility facilities;
 Programming languages (e.g. CUDA, PGAS); > Security issues.
●Computer newtorks (e.g. Infiniband, Quadrics);
● Computer architectures (e.g.multi-computers, multi-procesores);
Cloud Computing:
Evolution or Redefinition
QUESTIONS?
Prof. Mario Dantas
Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC)
Informatics and Statistics Department (INE)
Florianópolis - Brazil
E-mail: mario.dantas@ufsc.br
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