Mental Health

1. Lecture Notes
Classroom Activity to Accompany
Diseases of the Human Body
Fifth Edition
Carol D. Tamparo Marcia A. Lewis
7
Mental Health Diseases
and Disorders

2. Copyright © 2011 by F.A. Davis Company. All rights
reserved. This product is protected by copyright. No part
of it may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—
without written permission from the publisher.

3. 3
I will work in my own way,
according to the light that is in
me.
—Lydia Maria Child

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Integration of health care and mental
health care
• Today, primary care providers and mental
health specialists work collaboratively

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Cost of mental health care
• 26% of US population diagnosed with a
mental disorder each year
• 15% of total burden of disease by 2020
• Mental disorders not usually covered by
health insurance

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Diagnosis
•Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental
Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV-TR)
• Published by American Psychiatric
Association
• Guide to diagnostic criteria

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Diagnoses of mental health disorders and
diseases are classified by the
1. American Psychological Society
2. DSM-IV-TR
3. Insurance providers
4. Mental Health Association

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Mental Status Examination
• Assessment for suspected mental disorder
includes
• Appearance
• Speech
• Motor activity
• Mood
• Perceptions
• Thought content
• Judgment

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Nature versus nurture
• Nature: already determined; difficult or
impossible to alter
• Nurture: continuously influenced by others

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Depression: feeling of hopelessness, worthlessness, guilt, despair,
and having difficultly working, sleeping, and enjoying life
• Bipolar disorder: cycling between depression and mania; also
called manic-depression
• Schizophrenia: altered sensory perception with physical and
psychological changes that affect brain functioning, behavior
patterns, and the five senses

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Anxiety disorders
• Generalized anxiety: excessive and
unrealistic worry
• Obsessive-compulsive: persistent
exaggerated thoughts or actions that reflect
exaggerated fear
• Panic disorder: recurrent episodes of
apprehension, terror, or impending doom

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Anxiety disorders (cont.)
• Post-traumatic stress: persistent
psychological consequences that occur after
a traumatic event
• Phobias: persistent and irrational fear of an
object, activity, or situation

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Personality disorders
• Anti-social: pattern of disregard for rights of others
• Border-line: pattern of attention seeking and
excessive emotions
• Narcissistic: lack of empathy; need for admiration
and grandiosity
• Avoidant: pattern of feelings of inadequacies;
hypersensitivity to criticism

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Substance abuse and dependence
• Addiction: both physical and psychological
• With addiction comes tolerance where use must be
increased to achieve the previous affects
• Polysubstance dependence is the use of three or
more substances

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Disorders generally diagnosed during
childhood or adolescence
• Intellectual disability: also known as cognitive
disability or mental retardation
• Autism spectrum disorders: pervasive
developmental disorders
• Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Disorders generally diagnosed during childhood
or adolescence (cont.)
• Anorexia nervosa: imposed starvation and irrational
fear of gaining weight
• Bulimia nervosa: repetitive gorging with food
followed by self-induced vomiting

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Sexual disorders
• Dyspareunia: refers to pain that is associated
with sexual intercourse
• Male erectile dysfunction: inability to achieve
or sustain an erection
• Female sexual arousal disorder: inability to
achieve orgasm

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Mental Health Diseases and
Disorders
• Sexual disorders (cont.)
• Premature ejaculation: persistent or
recurrent onset of orgasm and expulsion of
seminal fluid before complete erection of the
penis

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Credits
Publisher: Margaret Biblis
Acquisitions Editor: Andy McPhee
Developmental Editors: Yvonne Gillam, Julie Munden
Backgrounds: Joseph John Clark, Jr.
Production Manager: Sam Rondinelli
Manager of Electronic Product Development: Kirk Pedrick
Electronic Publishing: Frank Musick
The publisher is not responsible for errors of omission or for consequences from application of information in this
presentation, and makes no warranty, expressed or implied, in regard to its content. Any practice described in this
presentation should be applied by the reader in accordance with professional standards of care used with regard to the
unique circumstances that may apply in each situation.