- What is a Green Economy - Characteristics of Green Economy - Areas of focus - Canada Economy -Wind - Solar - Battery/storage - Micro grids - Cap and trade - Corporation strategy

1. Canada Green Economy –
Facts and Figures
By: Paul Young, CPA, CGA

2. • This presentation is on perspective when it comes to green economy
in Canada

3. Paul Young - Presenter
Bio
• CPA/CGA
• 25 years of experience in Academia, Industry and Financial solutions
• Youtube Channel -
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAArky1bAXPSuV2NLtUnyLg

4. Agenda
- What is a Green Economy
- Characteristics of Green Economy
- Areas of focus
- Canada Economy
- Wind
- Solar
- Battery/storage
- Micro grids
- Cap and trade
- Corporation strategy

5. Green Economy - Definition
• The green economy is defined as a sustainable economy and society
with zero carbon emissions and a one-planet footprint where all
energy is derived from renewable resources which are naturally
replenished. A green economy rigorously applies the triple bottom line
of people, planet and profits across all corporations at
themicroeconomic level and throughout the entire economy at
the macroeconomic level. In contrast to a green economy, a traditional
“black” energy economy is based on carbon-intensive fossil fuels such
as coal and petroleum. By definition, a low-carbon economy is distinct
from a green economy because it still generates carbon emissions.

6. Green Economy - Characteristics
• an energy infrastructure with zero carbon emissions that is powered 100
percent by renewable energy — made possible through a combination of
proven, renewable energy technologies; breakthrough cleantech
solutions; as well as enabling regulation and carbon markets
• the water, waste and wastewater infrastructure is based on long-
termsustainability
• The preservation and protection of the world’s ecosystems, biological
diversityand forests in partnership with indigenous peoples and all
relevant stakeholders through the creation of sustainable governance
models, markets and business models for delivering, maintaining and
paying for ecosystem services
• sustained and successful adaption to climate change at a local, regional
and global level.

7. Green Economy - Characteristics• Fuels
• Biomass
• Carbon capture and storage/Carbon markets and renewable energy credits
• Climate change adaptation services
• Distributed generation
• Ecosystem services
• Energy efficiency, recycling, conservation, software and controls
• Energy storage, batteries and fuel cells
• Geothermal energy
• Green design
• Green IT
• Green buildings, materials and construction products
• Green transportation technologies and green vehicles
• Hydropower/Ocean power
• REDD
• Smart grid
• Solar energy
• Sustainable and organic agriculture, food and products
• Waste management.Wastewater management/Waste-to-energy
• Water and water technologies
• Wind energy

8. Canada Clean Energy Market
• 44B/year
• 80% of the market is exports
• Growing at 8-10%
• Key Programs
• SDTC
• Carbon taxes (Ontario, BC, PQ)

9. Canada’s GDP
Facts
• Oil sands are 2% of GDP or
about 40B annually
• Retail Sales
• 2/3 of the economy
• Utilities
• Hydro largest
generation source
• Manufacturing
• Metal fabrication
• Machinery
• Power Generation
• Raw Materials
• Construction
• Steel Framing
• Cement
• Glass

10. Wind Power
Facts
• Raw Materials
• Nickel (Stainless Steel
• Chromite
• Copper Wiring
• Fabrication
• Labor
• Raw Materials
• Power
• Overhead
• Delivery/Installation
• Truck (diesel/natural gas)

11. Solar Power
Facts
• Raw Materials
• Silicon
• Fabrication
• Labor
• Raw Materials
• Power
• Overhead
• Delivery/Installation
• Truck (diesel/natural gas)

12. Battery Storage
• Vanadium
• Extraction/processing/fabrication/delivery/installation
• Lithium
• Extraction/processing/fabrication/delivery/installation
• Environmental issues
• Lithium
• Elemental lithium is flammable and very reactive. In nature, lithium occurs in compounded forms such as lithium
carbonate requiring chemical processing to be made usable.
• Lithium is typically found in salt flats in areas where water is scarce. The mining process of lithium uses large amounts of
water. Therefore, on top of water contamination as a result of its use, depletion or transportation costs are issues to be
dealt with. Depletion results in less available water for local populations, flora and fauna.
• Toxic chemicals are used for leaching purposes, chemicals requiring waste treatment. There are widespread concerns of
improper handling and spills, like in other mining operations around the world.
• The recovery rate of lithium ion batteries, even in first world countries, is in the single digit percent range. Most batteries
end up in landfill.
• In a 2013 report, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) points out that nickel and cobalt, both also used in the
production of lithium ion batteries, represent significant additional environmental risks.
• Vanadium
• Toxic metal/tailings
• Disposing of vanadium batteries

13. Microgrids
• is a discrete energy system consisting of distributed energy sources
(including demand management, storage, and generation) and loads
capable of operating in parallel with, or independently from, the main
power grid

14. Carbon Taxation/Cap and Trade
• Carbon Tax/Pricing
• Adds cost through out the supply chain
• Consumer Prices go up
• 2/3 of the economy is consumer spending
• Utility Costs goes up
• Adds to cost of monthly utility bills
• Cap and Trade
• Large polluters buy more credits
• There is no clear link that cap and trade reduces emissions
• Tax grab by government masked as climate change

15. Corporation / Sustainability
• Areas of focus
• Reducing carbon footprint
• Solar panels on office buildings, warehouses, mining operations and
production facilities
• Reducing waste to land fills
• Elimination of paper

16. Other Sources:
• Clean Technology –
• Paris Climate change - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OuHaWUnTIQo
• Ontario – Cap and Trade - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KHglhOPtmrc
• Canada Clean Tech Market -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zdMwQ7QsNcI