I. (2000) Define or describe the following terminology carefully: (a) Modulus of Elasticity (E) (b) Proportional Limit (o PL.) (c) Modulus of Resilience (R) (d) Initial Tangent Modulus (Ei) (e) Secant Modulus (ES) (f) Yield Point ( ? YP) (g) Yield Strength ( ? YS) (h) Tensile Strength ( ? Ts) or Ultimate Strength ( ? U) (i) Toughness (T) 0 Percent Area Reduction (P.A.R.)
Solution
(a) modulus of elasticity is a quantity that measures an object or substance\'s resistance to being deformed elastically (not permanently) when a stress is applied to it.
(b) Proportionality limitHighest stress at which stress is directly proportional to strain. It is the highest stress at which the curve in a stress-strain diagram is a straight line. Proportional limit is equal to elastic limit for many metals.
(C) The maximum energy that can be absorbed per unit volume without creating a permanent distortion is called modulus of resilience.
(d) Initial tangent modulus is given by the inclination of a tangent line at the origin of the stress-strain diagram. It is used to characterize concrete deflections at very low stresses.
(e) Secant modulus is given by the inclination of a secant line obtained between any two points in the stress-strain diagram. In this case, it simulates the structure during its initial loading stage when permanent loads prevail.
(f) Yield point is the stress value in stress strain curve after which  a material becomes plastic.
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I- (2000) Define or describe the following terminology carefully- (a).docx
1. I. (2000) Define or describe the following terminology carefully: (a) Modulus of Elasticity (E)
(b) Proportional Limit (o PL.) (c) Modulus of Resilience (R) (d) Initial Tangent Modulus (Ei) (e)
Secant Modulus (ES) (f) Yield Point ( ? YP) (g) Yield Strength ( ? YS) (h) Tensile Strength ( ?
Ts) or Ultimate Strength ( ? U) (i) Toughness (T) 0 Percent Area Reduction (P.A.R.)
Solution
(a) modulus of elasticity is a quantity that measures an object or substance's resistance to being
deformed elastically (not permanently) when a stress is applied to it.
(b) Proportionality limitHighest stress at which stress is directly proportional to strain. It is the
highest stress at which the curve in a stress-strain diagram is a straight line. Proportional limit is
equal to elastic limit for many metals.
(C) The maximum energy that can be absorbed per unit volume without creating a permanent
distortion is called modulus of resilience.
(d) Initial tangent modulus is given by the inclination of a tangent line at the origin of the stress-
strain diagram. It is used to characterize concrete deflections at very low stresses.
(e) Secant modulus is given by the inclination of a secant line obtained between any two points
in the stress-strain diagram. In this case, it simulates the structure during its initial loading stage
when permanent loads prevail.
(f) Yield point is the stress value in stress strain curve after which  a material becomes
plastic.
