1. FRANCISCO DE GOYA,
BETWEEN CLASSICISM AND MODERNITY

2. 27 YEARS OLD 37 YEARS OLD
49 YEARS OLD 69 YEARS OLD
Francisco de Goya y Lucientes
is one of the masters in the
history of painting. He was
born in Fuendetodos
(Zaragoza) in 1746.
Portarit made by
Vicente López in

3. He studied to become
a painter, travelled to
Madrid and Italy and
started working at
Francisco Bayeu`s
workshop in Zaragoza,
who recommended
him to work in Madrid
The Birth of the Virgin, Aula Dei Carthusian
Monastery in Zaragoza (oil on plaster), 1774
Hannibal contemplating the Alps, one of the
paintings he painted in Italy in 1770

4. In 1775 he moved to
Madrid and started
working for the Royal
Tapestry Factory,
designing tapestry
cartoons.
His style was luminous
and colorist, with loose
brush-strokes.
Dance on the banks of River
Manzanares
The parasol
The kite
Crockery Vendor

5. Grape harvest or Autumn Blind man’s buff
The stilts
The straw manikin
He made four series of cartoons.

6. He started receiving orders from important figures of nobility and intellectuals and
he became court painter in 1775.
The Duchess of Osuna
The Dukes of Osuna
Charles III hunting
He was also accepted as a member of the Royal Academy of Fine Arts (1780)

7. In 1792 he suffered from a serious illness and became deaf. This deafness completely
changed his personality: he became withdrawn and his painting turned more critical
and introspective and colours were darker. Imagination, freedom and critique
became central
He continued to be an extraordinary portrait painter, but many of his works
completely broke up with the predominant style.
Witches’ flight The Duchess of Alba and her duenna Witches’ Sabbath

8. Gaspar Melchor de Jovellanos
Isabel de Porcel

9. The Duchess of Alba

10. The Naked Maja
The Dressed Maja
Controversial painting:
it belonged to Manuel
Godoy. The model may
have been the Duchess
of Alba or Pepita Tudó,
Godoy´s mistress

11. The countess of Chinchón
Manuel Godoy, Prince of Peace

12. CHARLES IV´S FAMILY

13. Charles IV on horseback Ferdinand VII

14. WAR DISASTERS (1810-1814): criticism of violence and war craziness on both sides
during the Peninsular War
The Peninsular War (1808-1814) caused a great impression on Goya. He was a
Francophile, but he refused violence. His painting became sadder and darker.

15. In 1814 when Ferdinand VII came back, Goya painted The Charge of the Mamelukes and The
Third of May 1808, two patriotic paintings.

16. THE THIRD OF MAY OF 1808

17. But his enlightened and liberal
ideas and his work for Joseph I
put him into trouble.
Goya lost his job in the court
and became completely
isolated.
He retired to a house on the
banks of the river
Manzanares, called Quinta del
Sordo (House of the Deaf
Man).
On the walls of this house he
painted the Black Paintings,
where he reflected
mythological themes, witches’
scenes, his fears and
obsessions
Saturn devouring his son
The dog

18. Two old men eating soup
Fight with cudgels Women laughing

19. Witches’ Sabbath
Fantastic vision

20. Procession of the Holy Office
A pilgrimage to San Isidro

21. SERIES OF ETCHINGS
Fantasies (1797-1799 and 1826-1828): satirical view of the Spanish society, criticism of
nobility , the clergy, foolishness, ignorance, irrationality, superstitions , the Inquisition…
The Dream of Reason produces monsters
Criticism to convenience marriages

22. Bullfighting (1814-1816)
Experts see criticism to bullfighting and the suffering of bulls

23. FOLLIES (1815-1819)
In this series he reflected his outlook on humanity and his fear of insanity. Many of them
are difficult to understand and they are supposed to be related to dream scenes,
criticism to the Ancien Régime and power.
A way of flying
Matrimonial folly

24. The Milkmaid of Bordeaux, 1826
In 1823 Goya exiled in France, where
he painted his last paintings, with loose
brush-strokes and less-defined figures.
Goya died in France in 1828
I’m still learning

25. PRECURSOR OF MANY STYLES
ROMANTICISM
REALISM
EXPRESSIONISM SURREALISM
Goya was the
precursor of many
styles: romanticism,
realism,
expressionism,
surrealism and also
war photography.