http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/zika-virus

1. SUBMITTED By- Pankaj Kushwaha
INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
BUNDELKHAND UNIVERSITY
JHANSI (U.P.)
Plourde AR.,Bloch EM. A literature review of Zika virus. Emerg Infect
Dis.July2016;22;No 7:1185-
92.http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2207.151990

2.  Zika virus got its name from
Zika forest in Uganda Africa.
 It was first detected in Rhesus
monkey in 1947
 Zika virus is a flavovirus which
spread through infected Aedes
mosquito bite.
 It can also be transmitted by
having unprotected sexual
intercourse.

5.  Zika virus is a positive – sense single
stranded RNA virus in the family
Flaviviridae.
 The Zika virus genome has 10794 bases
long with two non-coding regions
flanking regions known as the 5' NCR
and the 3' NCR
 It contains a nucleocapsid
approximately 25-30 nm in diameter
surrounded by a host-membrane
derived lipid bilayer that contains
envelope proteins E and M. The virion
is approximately 40 nm in diameter
with surface projections that measure
roughly 5-10 nm

11.  Pain in the back of eyes,
arthralgia, myalgia.
 Fever, fatigue, loss of appetite
chills, headache, vomiting or
skin rashes
 Symptoms last for 2-7 days
Infection is likely asymptomatic
in nearly 80% cases.
 If any of these symptoms occur
make sure to consult your
doctor immediately.

12.  Infection of a pregnant
women can be transmitted
to fetus.
• Infection in fetus can cause
several deformities
 Microcephaly
 Eye & ear defect
 Developmental impairment
 Pregnant women should
take measurable
repercussions to protect
themselves and their
infants.
 Avoid travel
 Wear protective clothing

13. Recently, Two Zika proteins(NS4A &NS4B) smack
a cellular signaling gatekeeper called “Akt-mTOR
pathway ” and can no longer properly guard brain
development and autophagy regulation, Autophagy
usually digests and kills pathogens.
 A normal number of centrosomes is important for
brain development. ZIKAV interference in
autophagy has been hypothesized to lead in
increase in centrosomes number and microcephaly.

14.  Evaluation for ZIKAV, CHIKV & DENV should be
taken concurrently for all patients who have acute
fever
 RT PCR testing on serum sample should be done
and is the preferred testing method for ZIKAV
during acute phases
 Serological testing is done when ZIKV IgM and Ig G
is detectable
 Urine and saliva may offer alternatives, when
blood collection is difficult

17. OX513A is a male Aedes aegypti mosquito, the
primary species that carries the Zika virus. He is
genetically engineered to pass along a lethal gene
to wild females that makes the offspring die. The
gene creates a protein that interferes with cell
activity, killing the mosquito before it can reach
adulthood.
GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISM

20.  The Pitt focus is creating a vaccine given to the mother
that protects the fetus and newborn against birth defect
 One vaccine involved a standard injection. The other used
crystals affixed to a patch similar to a Band-Aid to keep
them in contact with the skin until they dissolved.
 The vaccines generate an immune response against an
antigen — a protein — on the outer shell of the virus.
 Once a vaccine is developed, it typically is tested in mice then
monkeys. If successful, the next step is three phases of human
clinical trials to determine safety and effectiveness before it
goes before the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for
approval.

22.  Zika virus has been declared a public health emergency. As
many as 1.3 million persons have been affected in Brazil.
 Commercial test for Zika virus are limited in number &
availability
 Wider access to air conditioning & mosquito repellants,
and waste management agement limit mosquito borne
transmission
 Currently, no Zika virus vaccine are in advanced
development
 Zika virus ‘s association with neurologic sequelae ,
including neuropathophysiologic mechanism is being
actively investigated
 New cases of Zika virus infection should be monitored for
complications
 Zika virus has the propensity to infect large number of
people with severe consequences in some cases