1. Cell Introduction and Cell Differentiation By: Paige Sirois, Kirsten McDonald, Will Beauvais and Rachel Fahey

2. The Cell The structural, functional & biological unit of all organisms, the unit of life in the case of all organisms.

3. Discovery of the Cell The first cell was discovered by a man by the name of Robert Hooke in 1665. Robert Hooke was the first person to observe cells. He observed the dead cork cells under a simple microscope, and seeing the compartment like structure, he named the different “compartments” as cells. Thus originated the term “cell”, and it is used still today. When Hooke looked under a microscope there was no indication of the nucleus and other organelles. The first man who actually saw a live cell under a microscope was Anton Van Leeuwenhoek, in 1674. He saw bacteria and algae.

6. Cell Facts! All Living Things are composed of cells. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things Cells are produced from other cells Cells do everything from providing structure and stability, to helping provide energy and means of reproduction There are 75 to 100 trillion cells in your body

8. The Cell Theory The Cell Theory is one of the basic principles of biology. The credit for the formulation of this theory is given to German scientists Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden, and Rudolph Virchow. The theory that cells form the fundamental, structural and functional units of all living organisms; proposed in 1838 by Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann.

10. The cell is the basic unit of life.

11. Cells arise from pre-existing cells.

12. The modern version of the Cell Theory includes the ideas that:

13. Energy flow occurs within cells.

14. Heredity information (DNA) is passed on from cell to cell.

18. The organisms are composed of one (in case of unicellular organisms), thousands (small organisms) or millions (big animals and plants) of cells. All these cells perform essential life processes that are vital to the running of life systems in the organism, which are vital for the existence of an organism. A cell performs all the necessary functions for life, for example, the process of production of energy from food takes place in cells of animals, the process of making of starch from CO2, water and sunlight is done inside all chlorophyll (a pigment) containing cells of plants, etc.

21. The organisms are composed of one (in case of unicellular organisms), thousands (small organisms) or millions (big animals and plants) of cells. All these cells perform essential life processes that are vital to the running of life systems in the organism, which are vital for the existence of an organism. A cell performs all the necessary functions for life, for example, the process of production of energy from food takes place in cells of animals, the process of making of starch from CO2, water and sunlight is done inside all chlorophyll (a pigment) containing cells of plants, etc.

23. Cellular Differentiation The normal process by which a less specialized cell develops, or matures into a more distinct form or function

24. Cellular Differentiation Cont… Example: Single-celled zygote develops into a multicellular embryo that further develops into a more complex multisystem of distinct cell types of a fetus. The cell size, shape, polarity, metabolism and responsiveness to signals change dramatically such that a less specialized cell becomes more specialized and acquires a more specific role.

26. Diploid: A cell or organism consisting of two sets of chromosomes.