8. Operational Definition of AI Systems that act like humans Turing test. Systems that think like humans Cognitive Science Systems that think rationally Logic-based AI Systems that act rationally Rational Agents
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13. Representing Knowledge - Logic 1958 McCarthy’s paper, “Programs with Common Sense” at (I, car) can (go (home, airport, driving)) at (I, desk) can (go (desk, car, walking)) 1965 Resolution theorem proving invented
15. Representing Knowledge – Capturing Experience Representing Experience with Scripts, Frames, and Cases 1977 Scripts Rony went to a restaurant. Rony ordered a hamburger. When the hamburger came, it was burnt to a crisp. Rony stormed out without paying. The restaurant script: Did Rony eat anything?
16. Understanding in Expert Systems? Understanding requires: *Representation and manipulation of Domain Knowledge *Perceive analogies *Learn Pragmatic view: *Intentional intelligence is not required *Programs will work the better if more human domain knowledge is encoded in them Normative Descriptive Limitive Definition of Expert System: An Expert System is a computer program that represents and reasons with knowledge of some specialist subject with a view to solving problems or giving advice Expert Systems are a subfield of Artificial Intelligence. Term: Knowledge Based System
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