The document discusses refactoring a Java EE 5 registration application to use the Seam framework. It begins with an overview of the original Java EE 5 application using JSF, managed beans and JPA. It then demonstrates refactoring the application to use Seam by replacing the managed bean with Seam components, removing faces-config.xml and adding Seam annotations and configuration. The refactoring simplifies the application and makes it more portable by reducing dependencies on XML configuration.