Vision for a World Class Delhi, Jan2009

Vision for a
“World Class” Delhi

• Safe
• Clean, Green & Usable
• Well Connected
• With Civic Pride
• Democratic & Transparent

Our Core Team who has prepared this over several years….
Romi Roy (M.Arch. UD, B.Arch) is a Senior Architect Mitali Ganguly (M.Arch./ UD/ RealEstate) is a Project
and Urban Planner, currently working with Arup. She has Coordinator and Urban Designer with over six years of
over 10 years of experience leading Urban Planning and experience in architecture, urban design and real
Architecture projects in China, Russia, Dubai, India, estate. Mitali has worked in several leading
Pakistan, Jordan, Tunisia, as well as all over the US. international firms and has a Masters in Urban Real
Romi has recently completed several ‘sustainable’ urban Estate degree from Harvard University. Mitali believes
planning projects integrating transportation, energy, in urban design that enriches its cultural context and is
water, waste and resource efficiencies along with responsive to market forces. She is currently working
localized socio-economic constraints into design. Romi on several international projects that involve urban infill
has particular expertise in integrating transportation, jobs and revitalization, affordable housing and adaptive
and housing issues with built-form design at the block reuse - supported by transit and mixed use.
and building level, tying in to a multidisciplinary approach
to sustainability.
Ran Chen (MCP/ B.Arch.) is an Urban Planner/
Nishant Lall (MCP, B.Arch) is an architect, urban Architect specialized in Decision Support Systems as a
designer with a Materas from UCLA and currently means to achieve sustainable urban solutions. Ran has
practicing architecture in New Delhi. For 10 years, worked extensively for 4 years in North America, Latin
Nishant has worked on award winning architecture and America and Asia for many non-for-profit Planning
urban design projects in China, Norway, India, Puerto organizations aiming to produce sustainable,
Rico, Abu Dhabi, Egypt and Canada. He has worked community-friendly urban developments. This includes
on the North Point Development (Boston, CBT working as a Planning Consultant for international
Architects), Penn Connects (Sasaki Associates) and organizations such as the Lincoln Institute for Land
Beijing 798 Arts District projects. At UCLA he studied Policies and the United Nations Development
under Thom Mayne, Morphosis and worked on several Programme. Ran has worked in the planning of various
published research projects. Eco-Cities in China & the award-winning Dujiangyan
Post-Disaster Reconstruction Plan.
Anuradha Saberwal (M.Arch., MUD, M.A) has a wide
range of expertise in the field of architecture and Shivani Langer (M.Arch, B.Arch, LEED AP) is an
design, ranging from working at micro level Architect and Sustainability Consultant specializing in
interventions at the level of urban houses, to large scale civic and institutional projects. She has worked on the
macro developments such as tertiary urban hospital design and hands-on construction of several
developments. She has a insightful understanding on Sustainable buildings in the US (Solar Decathlon,
urban issues and the impact of design intent combined international design competition), and sustainable
with political will on the social and urban fabric of a city. neighborhoods in India (Ladakh, Mumbai, Delhi). She
Her current work in large scale healthcare projects currently works for SHW Group in Austin US and
include addressing issues of sustainable development , lectures part time on Sustainable Architectural Design
environmental impact of urban developments and at the University of Texas at Austin.
energy conscious architecture.

Q.
What does it mean to make Delhi a
“World Class City”…?

Q. Can a woman walk alone safely on the streets of Delhi after 7 pm?

“Delhi is India's crime capital..” – TOI, June 2008
“The most unsafe time out - 40% felt unsafe between 8 and 10 am and 5 and 7 pm. 31% felt unsafe in mid-afternoon.
Most unsafe places - 45% identified buses as the most unsafe; 25% the roadside; 6.7% found bus stops...”
– A Delhi Police survey on women’s safety, 05 March 2006.
Source: http://southasia.oneworld.net/article/view/127142/1/

Q. Which street would you feel safer walking on…?
No Setbacks

Why
Setback??

Delhi Brooklyn, New York

W hy do we have building setbacks & boundary walls?

Source: Romi Roy

Q. Which street would you feel safer walking on…?
Why Boundary Walls???

Delhi Vancouver

W hy do we have building setbacks & boundary walls?

Source: Romi Roy

Q. Why are buses killing people on the street every day?
Streetlamps on pavements,
So pedestrians on the road!

A/Q.
Are there enough safe sidewalks
& crosswalks for pedestrians? 1 m sidewalk!!! So both buses
& pedestrians are on the road!

Urban Planning and Citizen (YOUR) Participation
can help solve Delhi’s problems…

Lets take a look…. how?

Example Cities which are achieving similar transformations: Curitiba, Bagota, Los Angeles, Austin, Portland, Chicago, Hong Kong, Singapore, Shanghai…

Social Goal 1:

Safety:
1) Make streets be “watched” through “eyes on the street” – remove
setbacks and boundary walls flanking streets.
2) Promote Hawker zones at regular intervals
3) Make streets pedestrian friendly by providing Street-Amenities.

1) For Safety: Create “Eyes on the Street” ….

Source: © State of Louisiana


Remove Setbacks
Source: © State of Louisiana


Source: Romi Roy


Eyes on the street

Remove Boundary Walls
Source: Romi Roy

2) Hawkers are good for Safety!

Benefits of Hawkers:
• They keep streets clean,
busy, vibrant and safe.
• They provide a variety of
cheaper food and retail
options for the public.
• They express our culture.
• They generate self-
employment.

Source: Flickr.com

2) Hawkers are good for Safety!

• Benefits of Hawkers:
• They keep streets clean,
busy, vibrant and safe.
• They provide a variety of
cheaper food and retail
options for the public.
• They express our culture.
• They generate self-
employment.

Source: Flickr.com

Stop wasting money on shallow “beautification”

Existing curbstones being replaced by sandstone – in Central Delhi.

Make sidewalks accessible for the handicapped.

Source: Flickr.com Provide simple ramps at street corners

3) Provide Amenities and Signage on sidewalks

pedestrian cut
Mid-block

(every ~150 M)
Hawker Zones
(every ~800 M) Public
Toilets

Bus Disabled
Stop Access

Signage
Bioswales

Public Toilet

Handicapped and blind
Hawkers Zones Shaded bus stops accessibility

Q. How many hours do you spend in traffic jams?

"Smog is back with a vengeance... it's just getting unbearable… 1,000 new private
vehicles being added to Delhi's roads every day” – BBC, Nov 2008

“What the completion of Metro Phase I has meant for Delhi:
Phase I covers 55.79 km, carries 5 lakh passengers daily, ensures 1,650 less buses on Delhi roads, cuts 1.5 million
commuter trips per day, saves 2 million man-hours per day, has reduced accidents and pollution levels by 30 percent,
while saving fuel worth Rs. 650 crore per year.”
– The Statesman, January 26, 2006

Social Goal 2:

Connectivity
1) Provide high density mixed use developments (residential. office,
entertainment & civic uses) with 5-min walk of Metro Stations.
2) Make transferring between modes easy
3) Design streets for Pedestrians, not just cars.

3) Design Streets for Pedestrians & Transit users, NOT cars!

• It is not enough to put
BRT on the street.

• We need to design the
public realm for the BRT
user, and the pedestrians.

Source: John Fregonese
Wilshire Vermont Station, NY

2) Make Transfers between modes “safe and easy”

Source: “All Systems Go!”, Austin, TX, USA

Must be safe, quick and easy to:
• Access Train/ Bus Stations
• Change from one mode to the other
• Cross streets
• Park bikes and ride the train/BRT
• Rickshaws & vans to drop off at stations

1) High Density near Stations - Maximum people should
Live, Work & Play within 5-min walk of RAPID TRANSIT Stations.

Transit Node

Express
Bus Route

That is the reason for success of BRT in Curitiba

1) High Density near Stations - Reduces Traffic,
Provides Cleaner Air:
Curitiba

Delhi BRT

http://repositories.cdlib.org/cssd/opolis/vol2/iss1/art3/
Car Dependency & Transport CO2 Emissions decrease
with increasing Urban Density near Metro/BRT Stations

“Transportation - Landuse Pyramid”
of the BRT in Curitiba:

d
opie
N ot-C
s
hi ha
D el

Delhi has Copied

Delhi forgot to copy the Curitiba “Transportation - Landuse Pyramid”!
leading to the current failure of its BRT model.


Delhi

Curitiba
– Delhi is still unfortunately trying to solve traffic &
congestion - by building ‘flyovers’; while there is a
phenomenal rate of car ownership increase, and
complete failure to capitalize on the Metro and tie it
with a land use and growth strategy.

Example: - Station areas are NOT JUST for Malls…
but for creating civic spaces and ‘communities’…

Case Study - Sha Tin Station, Hong Kong:

Case Study: Sha Tin Station, Hong Kong

Source: Romi Roy

Sha Tin Station: Mall

Source: Romi Roy

Sha Tin Station: Restaurants, Cafes

Source: Romi Roy

Sha Tin Station: High Density Residential, Parks

Source: Romi Roy

Sha Tin Station: …. Snoopy World

Source: Romi Roy

Sha Tin Station: Town Hall, Plaza, Library

A complete Community destination

Q. Do your kids play daily at a park within 5 minute walk from your home?

Neglected…. Fenced off!!

Dilshad Garden Nizamuddin

Over-designed!
or Compromised… G.K.

Delhi is the “greenest” India city with the least amount of “usable” public open spaces.

Social Goal 3:

Clean, Green and Usable
Open spaces play multiple functions:
1) Safe ‘usable’ public spaces for young, old, rich & poor.
2) Working landscapes that capture, purify and treat storm water runoff.

1) Make existing Parks usable & safe!

Lajpat Nagar

Source: Mitali Ganguly Make Parks intimate and “watched” by surrounding buildings

1) Make Parks – NOT JUST beautiful, but Usable too.

Source: Romi Roy Bryant Park, New York

1) Parks should be usable by all age groups…

kids….
Source: Romi Roy (...at a park in Beijing)


young…


old….

1) Public spaces should be usable by all income groups…

Source: Flickr.com Carter Road Promenade, Mumbai

2) Utilize parks as “Working Landscapes”:
• Utilize Parks and Open Spaces for
Natural Storm Water Management.

• Adopt a 3-Tier Approach:

Delhi in Monsoons

1: Treat at Source 2: Natural Conveyance 3: Natural Storm
(streets, parks) (minimal piping) Water Treatment

• Advantages:
- Reduced Flooding
- Less pressure and reduced sizing for Municipal
Storm Water Treatment Plants.
- PREVENT POLLUTING THE YAMUNA!!
Source: Rowan Roderick Jones


• Parks can be usable green spaces throughout the year;
• In monsoons, they transform into storm water swales or detention ponds…

Hammarby Sjöstad

Source: Tony Chan


• Parks can be usable green spaces throughout the year;
• In monsoons, they transform into storm water swales or detention ponds…

Source: Tony Chan

So - DO NOT put parking under existing parks!!

Parking under parks makes Put parking over existing or new Retail…
them dysfunctional as Prioritize Bikes & Scooters.
storm water catchments.
Source: Hindustan Times

Q. Does your maid or driver travel for an hour every day to get to work?

“Can the poor ever be legal?”
– Housing and Land Rights Network, Habitat International Coalition, 2002

• Delhi has failed to integrate the rich and poor symbiotically and ‘legally’ within the city.
• Lack of Community Ownership between rich and poor.
• Failure to make the city’s historic precincts a part of the lives of its people.

Social Goal 4:

Civic Pride
- Rich and poor have ‘equal access’ to transit and amenities.
- Poor and rich ‘coexist’ symbiotically – benefiting each other.
- All citizens feel pride and a sense of ownership for the city due to active
involvement in its decision making process.

Integrated Society

Remove slums, NOT slum dwellers!
- Integrate rich and poor symbiotically, with
shared amenities, near Transit.

Prepare for 55% Urbanization by 2050.

Remove ghettos: STOP Banishing the Poor; Integrate
them into mixed-income communities

• Amenities and Housing for Low-income people
MUST be accommodated:
- NEAR Transit Facilities and Amenities.
- NEAR mid to high income groups.

• Low-income groups can:
– work in local offices,
– provide household help for richer homes
– work in community gardens producing local
food, etc.
– also commute to other jobs easily.

Remove ghettos: Remove concentrations of poverty and wealth.

Delhi today: Redevelop existing low-income ghettos as mixed-
income communities
Successful Examples in the US:
The Hope VI Community Redevelopment Projects:

(Made Law in US in 1993), redeveloped and converted blighted, high-crime, public housing
“ghettos” all of the country into thriving mixed income, multi-use communities.
Some recent findings (http://www.huduser.org/publications/pubasst/hope2.html):
– HOPE VI is helping residents move into the economic mainstream by stressing improved
education, job training, and computer literacy.
– HOPE VI is dramatically reducing crime and violence in public housing. Overall crime
rates in the communities studied have been reduced by up to 72%.
– HOPE VI is reducing the isolation of public housing residents.
– HOPE VI is leveraging significant investments in community-wide improvements.

Example: Mandela Gateway Hope VI,
After
Oakland, California
Mandela Gateway before Redevelopment

Social Equality through Design:
Provide equal access to Transit + Amenities to Rich & Poor
Via Verde, South Bronx, NY Jefferson at Chelsea Station, NY

• Density bonuses to
developers for provision of
low-income Housing &
public spaces near stations

• Density bonuses to
developers for providing
common public parks and
facilities.

FAR bonuses for developments
NEAR Public Transit Facilities –
to accommodate Affordable homes
NEAR middle income communities.
(Tax-Revenue strategy must be developed).

Build homes for Poor next to stations,
or on top of retail/ commercial uses
– where Rich people would not live,
so Property prices can be controlled.

Wilshire Vermont Station, NY

Civic Pride

Create Integrated
Public Spaces & Amenities
for rich and poor

Public spaces should be usable by all income groups…

Source: Flickr.com/ mybandra.com
Public Spaces must be common and
accessible to all age and income groups...
and NOT ticketed!!
"Carter Road Promenade: developed by the
Bandra West Residents Association (BWRA)
- a common public space used by people of
all age groups and income levels…." Carter Road Promenade, Mumbai

Invest in low-income communities to upgrade and integrate them.

Case Study:
Fruitvale Village @ BART station, Oakland…
From a Parking Lot in a Crime-ridden neighbourhood ...

Inte
rna
tion
al B
Phase-1 o ul
eva
rd

Phase-2

Fruitvale BART
Station,
Source: Fruitvale Public Market


Case Study:
Fruitvale Village @ BART station, Oakland…
… to a New “Gateway & focal point for the Community.

Inte
rna
tion
al B
Phase-1 o ul
eva
rd

Phase-2

Fruitvale BART
Station,
Source: Fruitvale Public Market


Case Study:
Fruitvale Village @ BART station, OAK

Source: Flickr.com

Civic Pride

Integrate Heritage & Cultural spaces
into daily lives of people…

Integrate Heritage Precincts into daily lives,
Civic Pride: encourage private investment & internal tourism.
Shahjahanabad: Successful Examples in CHINA:
Redevelopment without Destruction!
“Taikang Lu” – a bohemian Art District in Shanghai

Source: Tony Chan

Developed through a Catalytic effect…

“Xintiandi” – a revitalized Entertainment District of Shanghai

Planned intervention…

“Hutongs of Beijing” – A Modern taste of Ancient Beijing

Source: Romi Roy

Small move – BIG IMPACT
Shahjahanabad:
Chandni Chowk Metro Station…

10

5

CC Station

Source: Google Earth onlyromi@gmail.com

Shahjahanabad:
As a “Portal” to Chandni Chowk

Station Exit 2

Station Exit 1

2 min
walk

onlyromi@gmail.com

Shahjahanabad:
Chandni Chowk Metro Station as a Catalyst…
A public space as a “Gateway” to Chandni Chowk…

Pioneer Square, Portland
onlyromi@gmail.com

Shahjahanabad:
An Exhibition Space for the community…
(work with local traders’ organizations to implement)

Millenniumonlyromi@gmail.com
Park, Chicago

Shahjahanabad:
With a “museum store” and information centre

onlyromi@gmail.com

Vision for a “World Class” Delhi

• Safe
• Clean, Green & Usable
• Well Connected
• With Civic Pride
• Democratic & Transparent

Achieving a “World Class” Delhi through good Urban Design & Planning:

Do you want to help achieve this vision?
Do you have a similar vision that you are trying
to achieve?
Do you want to join forces and work together to
help create a great Delhi?

please write to:
onlyromi@yahoo.com

Lets work together for a common vision.

Thank you.

Note:
Many un-sourced pictures in this presentation have been taken from various sources on the internet;
but they are for demonstration purposes only.

Vision for a World Class Delhi, Jan2009

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Vision for a World Class Delhi, Jan2009