XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Oct-2010

1. Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings INTRODUCTION SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings Liébana, O.1; G. Pulido1, MD; Gómez Hermoso J. 2 1University of San Pablo CEU (Madrid)2University Politécnica de Madrid XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

3. Simpler and quicker construction

4. Reduces execution timeframe

5. Increases construction safetyXXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

7. Less foundation costs

8. Longer spans are economic

9. Excellentvibration controlXXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

11. Thinner slabs , lighter structures

12. Reduction in rebar tonnage

13. Reduced cracking and deflections

14. Reduced floor to floor height

15. ….Why do PT floors compete economically with traditional floor slabs in other countries?........ LOW SPECIALIZATION - sustainability criteria INTROD. XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

16. Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings INTRODUCTION SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTSCONCLUSIONS CO2 emissions Cement manufacturing process liberates approximately 5% of the total emissions delivered in the atmosphere annually. LEED rating is deficient, it does not reflect the significant contributions of PT concrete structural efficiency to real sustainability it does not reward suitably more sustainable solutions aiming at the optimization of materials Introduction of sustainability criteria in construction may be a necessary evolution. XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

18. Module 50x50 meters

19. Three levels: Parking, Storage (high loads) and Lobby

20. Mesh of columns with a distance of 8x8 m

21. Three structural solutions: flat plate, waffle slab and PT flat slab.

22. Thickness of the slabs and width of the ribs variations

24. The minimum bonded reinforcement for crack control

25. Steel fiber variation

26. Measuring emissions from the quantities of materials (ITEC)XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

27. Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings INTRODUCTION SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTSCONCLUSIONS Measuring emissions from the quantities of materials XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

28. Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings INTRODUCTION SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS Tons of CO2 depending on use and type of slab XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

29. Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings INTRODUCTION SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS Tons of CO2. Solid flat plates (Basement-high loads) XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

30. Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings INTRODUCTION SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS % of CO2 of flat slabs (Basement-high loads) XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

31. Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings INTRODUCTION SUSTAINABILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS 1. Selection criteria At present: designknownsolutions ….. No evolutionof specializedtechniques Necessary: Project specialization and execution …Sustainable evolution in current construction practice 2. EHE-08 code – Building PT slabs At present: innovative code with respect to special concrete issues or durability Necessary: Sections specifically related to PT slabs should be revised urgently 3. Sustainability in the study PT solution is always the most sustainable option, particularly for high loading The difference is not so important in voided options with moderate loading. Small changes in thickness, in width of the joist or in the topping slab do not significantly improve CO2 emission data. Replacement of rebar for steel fibers does not involve a decrease in emissions XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

32. Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings INTRODUCTION SUSTAINABILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES USGBC. U. S. Green Building Council. Green Building Design and Construction Reference Guide POST-TENSIONING INSTITUTE. PTI. PT-Gray is the new Green. PTI Journal. 41. Sustainability and Post-Tensioned Concrete. August 2009. V.7. nº1. 2009. EHE-08.Instrucción de Hormigón Estructural. Comisión Permanente del Hormigón. 1º edición revisada. Ministerio de Fomento. Madrid. 2008 Isaia, G.C. and Gastaldini, A.L, G. Concrete sustainability with very high amount of fly ash and slag. Ibracon Structures and materials EC-2. Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures- Part 1:General rules and rules for buildings. Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-08) and Commentary. An ACI Standard. Reported by ACI Committee 318. Structural Building Code. American Concrete Institute. USA.2008 CONCRETE SOCIETY. CS. Post-tensioned concrete floors. Design Handbook. Concrete Society Technical Report nº43. 2ªed. UK. 2005 POST-TENSIONING INSTITUTE. PTI. Post-Tensioning Manual. 6th Edition. ATEP. Recomendaciones para el proyecto y construcción de losas postesadas con tendones no adherentes HP9.96. Manuales de la ATEP. Institut de Tecnologia de la Construcció de Catalunya. ITEC. Banco estructurado de elementos constructivos BEDEC. XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design

33. Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings INTRODUCTION SUSTAINIBILITY STUDY RESULTS CONCLUSIONS Evolution and sustainability of in-situ concrete flat slabs in office buildings Liébana, O.1; G. Pulido1, MD; Gómez Hermoso J. 2 1University of San Pablo CEU (Madrid)2University Politécnica de Madrid XXXVII IAHS WORLD CONGRESS ON HOUSING. Santander (Spain). 26-29 October 2010 II. DESIGN FOR SUSTAINABILITY AND REFURBISHMENT. Criteria of design