1. Post-
1919
JANUARY
5 18 21 25
Socialist unrest in Germany,
known as the Spartacist
Revolt. Continues to 15
Peace conference opens
in Paris
Irish independence declared
by Sinn Fein MPs at an
unofficial Irish parliament in
Principle of League of
Nations agreed at Peace
conference
1919
January. Dublin. Begins nearly three
years of increasingly bitter
confrontation that ends with
the formation of the Irish
Free State in 1921.
APRIL MAY JUNE
13 7 15 2 21 28
British troops stationed in Allied terms for a peace Greek landings in Smyrna Allied peace terms are The ships of the German High Treaty of Versailles signed
the Punjab in northern India treaty are handed to the (Izmir) develop into a handed to the Austrians Seas, interned at Scapa Flow between the Allied and
kill 379 civilians and wound German government Graeco-Turkish War with in the Orkney Islands, are Associated governments
1,200 more at Amritsar increasingly bitter fighting sunk by their own crews and Germany
during protests calling for between Turkish and Greek
self-government in India forces. Continues until 1922.
JULY SEPTEMBER
14 19 30 10
Peace celebrations held Peace Day. Victory parade British Cabinet decide to Treaty of Saint-Germain
in Paris held in London. Temporary keep the Cenotaph at its signed between the Allies
Cenotaph built to represent location in Whitehall and and Austria
the dead. replace it with a permanent
structure
NOVEMBER DECEMBER
19 27 1
US Senate rejects the Treaty of Neuilly is signed Nancy Astor becomes the
Treaty of Versailles and with the Bulgarians first woman to take up her
membership of the League seat as an MP in the House
of Nations of Commons
1920 JUNE AUGUST
JANUARY 4 9 10
9 16
Treaty of Trianon signed with Imperial War Museum Treaty of Sévres signed
the Hungarians opened at Crystal Palace in between the Allies and
British government First council meeting of London by King George V Turkey
announces its policy of League of Nations held
building new ‘Homes Fit in Paris
for Heroes’
Allied Peace conference
in Paris ends
NOVEMBER
2 11 14 15
Warren Harding elected as At a memorial service in Russian civil war ends when First meeting of the League
the 29th President of the London the permanent White Russian forces are of Nations at its permanant
United States in a landslide Cenotaph is unveiled crushed by the Red Army of headquarters in Geneva
victory. Advocates a ‘return in Whitehall, and the the Bolshevik government
to normalcy’ following the Unknown Warrior buried
the war, leading the USA in Westminster Abbey.
to a position of isolationism. Together they form the
focus for British national
commemoration of the dead
of the First World War.
1921
December
Agreement signed
partitioning Ireland into the
26 southern counties known
as the Irish Free State, and
the 6 northern counties of
Ulster that remain part of
the United Kingdom
1922
January April September October NOVEMBER
Death of Pope Benedict XV. Stalin becomes General Chanak Crisis. At the end David Lloyd George resigns Rule of the Sultan abolished
Succeeded by Pope Pius XI. Secretary and head of the of the Graeco-Turkish War, as British Prime Minister in Turkey. New government
Communist Party in Soviet Turkish troops threaten the when Conservative MPs formed.
Russia British and French forces withdraw support from
occupying the Dardanelles his coalition government.
under the terms of the Succeeded by Andrew
Treaty of Sèvres. Bonar Law.
Fascist leader Benito
Mussolini, a veteran of the
war, becomes Italian Prime
Minister
1923
January July October November
French and Belgian troops Treaty of Lausanne signed Turkey established as a Adolf Hitler stages his ‘Beer
occupy the German with Turkey after a strong secular republic with Mustafa Hall Putsch’ in Munich in an
industrial area of the Ruhr new Turkish government Kemal as its first President attempt to seize power
to collect material pledged demands a renegotiation
to France and Belgium of the 1920 agreement
by the Treaty of Versailles and sets new terms
1924
January
Soviet leader Lenin dies of ill
health. More than 900,000
mourners pass his body
when it lies in state.
1925
July December
Written during his Locarno Treaty signed in
imprisonment following London reconciling Germany
the Putsch, Hitler publishes with her former enemies
his political testament and
autobiography, Mein Kampf
(My Struggle)
1926
May
The General Strike. British
Trades Union Congress
supports the striking miners
and calls for the first ever
General Strike.
1927
November
Stalin ruthlessly establishes
himself as the unchallenged
ruler of the Soviet Union
1928
JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER
Representation of the Kellogg-Briand pact Penicillin, the first Stalin introduces the first
People (Equal Franchise) signed by fifteen countries anti-biotic drug, discovered Five Year Plan to modernise
Act comes into effect, including the USA, Britain, by Alexander Fleming at and transform Soviet
extending voting rights in France, Italy, Germany and St Mary’s Hospital in London industry and agriculture
Britain to all women aged Japan, renouncing war as an
over twenty-one instrument of national policy
1929
OCTOBER NOVEMBER
Wall Street Crash. As the Poet Robert Graves
world economy shows publishes his First World War
signs of serious strain, the autobiography, Goodbye
American stock market to All That, symbolising a
crashes, wiping millions of growing disillusion among
dollars off the value of its many veterans with the
commodities. Beginning of outcome of the war
the Great Depression which
lasts for twelve years.
Military events
Naval events
Aviation events
Political events
Social events