Technology is one of the factors of change. When new disruptive technology is introduced, it can change industries. We have many examples of that and will start this journey it one of the most important innovation that has come in our lifetimes, the smartphone. We will explore the impact of the smartphone and the fate of existing companies at the time when iPhone, the first smartphone as we know them, was introduced to the world. We will also look at other examples from history. Then we look at the broader picture, past industrial revolutions and the one that we are experiencing now, the fourth industrial revolution. Specifically we look briefly at the technologies that fuel this revolution, for example artificial intelligence, robotics, drones, internet of things and more.

1. NEW TECHNOLOGY
2020

2. LECTURE L01
INTRODUCTION

4. Technology

5. People say we will experience more
change due to technology in the next 2-3
decades than we have in 2-300 years

6. The Long View
Technical Revolutions span generations — 50 to 100 years
Source: Carlota Perez
1760 19801780 1800 1820 1840 1860 1880 1900 1920 1940 1960
Arkwright’s mill
in Cromford, 1771
Industrialiation
Water dams
Steam
Manchester-
Liverpool Rocket
line, 1829
Railways
Steam Engine
Carnegie Bessemer
steel, Pittsburg,
1875
Electricity
Steel
Ford’s model T,
Detroit, 1908
Oil Cars
Mass production
Motion Pictures
Phone
Photographs Radio
Intel örgjörvinn,
Santa Clara, 1971
Computers
PC
Automation
Transform societies

7. Industrial
Revolutions
Water and steam powered
factories
Second Industrial
Revolution
Electricity harnessed to
power factories, light up
houses, home appliances
Information
Revolution
Information technology
used to automate
processes

8. Built on the smartphone, software and cloud
computing — in real-time
The Age of Artificial Intelligence, Robotics
and Internet of Things
The Fourth Industrial Revolution

9. A revolution that is fundamentally changing
the way we live, work, and relate to one
another
Its scale, scope, and complexity is unlike
anything humankind has experienced before
The Fourth Industrial Revolution

10. „Software eats the world“

11. Intelligent Realtime Datadriven
AI is here
already
Life happens
in realtime
Collects and
uses data
Software
+ +

12. Fourth Industrial Revolution

13. PLATFORM FOR NEW SOLUTOIONS
A platform for new solutions that are more powerful
and more productive — will solve problems that were
not possible to solve before
Fourth Industrial Revolution

14. The Smart Phone

15. 2.3 billion people carry
smartphones
Source: ITU, a16z, Benedict Evans slides

16. People touch their smartphone
2.617 times per day

17. If you don’t have a smartphone…

18. Transformation from Hierarchical to Networks

19. The 20th century society
structure was hierarchical –
government, companies, any
form of communication
Coordination cost is high

20. The 21st century society becomes a
network – software connects
individuals
Coordination cost drops to zero

21. Any business that is built around
a hierarchy with high
coordination cost,
will be crushed
by a networked software solution
with low coordination cost

24. Lufthansa, founded 1955
Employees: 130,000
Airplanes: 283
Easyjet, founded 1995
Employees: 11,600
Airplanes: 313

25. Coordination cost in the 21st Century

27. O2O - „Online 2 offline“
Digital world connects to the physical world
Platforms connect two groups - those offering
something and consumers
Hosts and guests, drivers and riders, products and
consumers…

28. The Gig Economy
People work for others though platforms — your
new boss is software
Platform takes care of billing and transactions,
ratings and recommendations
Uber, Airbnb, Upwork, Taskrabbit, Postmates,
Deliveroo…

29. Real-time Algorithms

30. Using computers used to be:
you sit down and use the
computer just as any tool

31. Today:
The
computer
tells you
what to do
In real time

32. Today:
The
computer
tells you
what to do
In real time

33. Rise of online ordering and delivery services

34. Everybody in a
company must use
smartphones — it is
the new boss
BOSS

35. Internet of Things

36. Thing
Smart thing
Processors
Sensors
Software
Connected
smart thing
Processors
Sensors
Software
Source: HBR
Farming
system
Planters
Tillers
Tractor
Harvesters
Ecosystem
Internet of Things

37. Smart farming

38. Internet of Things where
sensors are used to send
data to the cloud to analyze
information
upplýsingar

39. Accelerometer
Gyroscope
Magnetometer
Barometer
Proximity
Light sensor
Touch screens
GPS
WiFi
Bluetooth
GSM/CDMA Cell
NFC - Near Field
Camera front
Camera back
Sensors

40. Line between Reality and Virtual is getting blurred…

41. Augmented Reality is where digital is added

43. Microsoft HoloLens

44. Work is fundamentally changing

45. Virtual Reality — totally different world

46. VR used in Education

47. Artificial Intelligence

48. A patient is diagnosed with a rare disease –
doctors cannot find the problem
Tokyo University Hospital
It took an AI system 10 minutes…

49. Dr. Watson went
to medical school

50. AI is everywhere
Search News Tracking Translating

51. Naural networks is type of AI where
Deep Lerning is used
The networks are not programmed —they
are trained to learn

52. Conversational User Interfaces

53. Robotics

54. Robotics in the 21st century
Robots that see, hear and sense
Robots that can communicate
Powerful machines with software
and internet connectivity

55. Amazon Fulfilment Center robots

56. Autonomous Cars

57. Industrial Autonomous Vehicles

58. Tesla cars have driven billions km on Autopilot

59. Cars will become work or entertainment centers

60. Reinvention of cities

61. Airbus Concept

62. What does this mean?

63. Finance Health Retail
Transportation Education
?
Whatever…
The World is Changing

64. WE MUST
UNDERSTAND
TECHNOLOGY AND IT’S
POTENTIAL TO BE
RELEVANT

65. NEW TECHNOLOGY
2020