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Occupational safety and health
- 1. Bone Fractures DAT 2A Presenter: Nur Dalila Bt Mohd Zamri 10 DAT11F2016 Nurazariah Bt Rahiman 10DAT11F2022 Nur Adibah Bt Alias 10DAT11F2023 Nur Amalina Bt Izhar 10DAT11F2021 Norfarah Aqilah Bt Mohamad Saleh 10DAT11F2017 Nur Fazira Bt Kassim 10DAT11F2014 Rupini a/p Arumugam 10DAT11F2024
- 2. Bone Fractures A bone fracture is a break in a bone. Fractures are common. A condition in which there is a break in the continuity of the bone Most people fracture at least one bone during their lifetime. The severity of fractures increase with age.
- 5. •Closed fracture: Also known as simple fracture, a closed fracture is a fracture where the bone is broken, but the skin is intact. •Open fracture: An open fracture is a fracture where the broken bone is exposed. That is dangerous because of increased chances of infection. It is also called compound fracture. Closed fracture: Also known as simple fracture, a closed fracture is a fracture where the bone is broken, but the skin is intact. Open fracture: Is a fracture where the broken bone is exposed. Complete fracture: The two pieces of the bone, resulting from the fracture, completely separate from each other.
- 8. Factors Influences Degree and direction of the force, the particular bone involved, and the person’s age and general health. Things to remember -A fracture occurs when force exerted against a bone is stronger than the bone can structurally withstand. The most common sites for bone fractures include the wrist, ankle and hip.
- 9. Complications of bone fractures Blood loss – bones have a rich blood supply and a bad break can result in substantial blood loss. Growth problems – the fractured long bone of a young child may not grow to its intended adult length if the injury is close to a joint, since bone fuses when it heals. Injuries to organs – such as the brain (in the case of skull fractures) or chest organs (if a rib breaks).
- 10. Effect of bone fractures Causes of Bone fractures A bone fracture depend on the particular bone and the severity of the injury >Pain >Swelling >Bruising >Deformity >Inability to use the limb. Fractures occur when a bone can't withstand the physical force exerted on it.
- 11. Vitamin D -necessary for proper use of calcium in the bones. -causes softening and weakening of the bones . Osteoporosis -loss of bone density that causes bones to become brittle and weak. - It is twice as common in women than in men Symptom Of Bone Fractures Bone fractures -can be the result of certain types of cancer and some cancer treatments. -Cancer in other parts of the body can spread to the bones in a condition called bone metastases.
- 12. Treatment >Splints – to discourage movement of the broken limb >Braces – to support the bone >Plaster cast – to provide support and immobilise the bone >Traction – this option is less common >Surgically inserted metal rods or plates – to hold the bone pieces together Pain relief.