This document discusses concepts related to force, motion, and energy. It defines force as any push or pull that causes an object to move, stop, or change speed or direction. It also discusses different types of energy including kinetic energy (energy of motion) and potential energy (stored energy). Simple machines like levers, pulleys, and gears are described as machines that make work easier by changing the direction or magnitude of force.

1. Force, Motion and EnergyForce, Motion and Energy

2. How do things move?How do things move?
 AboveAbove
 BelowBelow
 AheadAhead
 BehindBehind
 UpUp
 DownDown
 HorizontallyHorizontally
 VerticallyVertically
 RightRight
 LeftLeft

3. How do we know something hasHow do we know something has
moved?moved?
 By looking at the thingsBy looking at the things
that are not movingthat are not moving
around it.around it.
 FRAME OFFRAME OF
REFERENCEREFERENCE

4. SpeedSpeed
 What is speed?What is speed?
 How fast an object isHow fast an object is
moving.moving.
 Measure of distance.Measure of distance.

5. SpeedSpeed
 How do I calculateHow do I calculate
speed?speed?
DISTANCE / TIMEDISTANCE / TIME
Ex:10ft/ 3 seconds=3.1 ft/secEx:10ft/ 3 seconds=3.1 ft/sec

6. ForceForce
WHAT IS FORCEWHAT IS FORCE??
AnyAny pushpush oror pullpull thatthat
causes an object tocauses an object to
move,move, stopstop or changeor change
speedspeed oror directiondirection..

7. ForceForce
 The greater the force,The greater the force,
the greater thethe greater the
change in motion.change in motion.
 The bigger an objectThe bigger an object
is, the less effect ais, the less effect a
force will have on it.force will have on it.
 The smaller an objectThe smaller an object
is, the more effect ais, the more effect a
force will have on it.force will have on it.

8. InertiaInertia
 InertiaInertia keeps ankeeps an
object still or keeps itobject still or keeps it
moving.moving.
 A moving object willA moving object will
keep moving untilkeep moving until
something stops itsomething stops it..
 An object that is notAn object that is not
moving will not movemoving will not move
untiluntil somethingsomething
moves itmoves it..

9. FrictionFriction
 WHAT IS FRICTION?WHAT IS FRICTION?
 The force that worksThe force that works
against motion.against motion.
 Friction causes heat.Friction causes heat.

10. WorkWork
 WHAT IS WORK?WHAT IS WORK?
 Work is done when aWork is done when a
force is used toforce is used to
MOVEMOVE an object aan object a
certain distance.certain distance.

11. EnergyEnergy
 WHAT IS ENERGY?WHAT IS ENERGY?
Energy is the ability to do work.Energy is the ability to do work.

12. EnergyEnergy
 Two types of energy:Two types of energy:
 KineticKinetic
 PotentialPotential

13. EnergyEnergy
 Kinetic-movingKinetic-moving
energy (energy ofenergy (energy of
motion)motion)

14. EnergyEnergy
 Potential- storedPotential- stored
energy (energyenergy (energy
waiting to be used)waiting to be used)

15. Forms of EnergyForms of Energy
 Chemical EnergyChemical Energy
 Ex:Ex: storedstored energy inenergy in
food and fuel.food and fuel.

16. Forms of EnergyForms of Energy
 Electrical EnergyElectrical Energy
 Ex: batteries, electricEx: batteries, electric
in homesin homes

17. Forms of EnergyForms of Energy
 Light energyLight energy
 Ex: sun and lasersEx: sun and lasers

18. Forms of EnergyForms of Energy
 Mechanical EnergyMechanical Energy
 Ex: wind, waterEx: wind, water
falling over a waterfalling over a water
fall, soundfall, sound

19. Forms of EnergyForms of Energy
 Thermal EnergyThermal Energy
 Ex: stove, heaters,Ex: stove, heaters,
matchesmatches

20. Forms of EnergyForms of Energy
 Nuclear EnergyNuclear Energy
 Ex: SunEx: Sun

21. Forms of EnergyForms of Energy
 CAN ENERGYCAN ENERGY
CHANGE FORM?CHANGE FORM?
YES!YES!
 Ex: The fuel in aEx: The fuel in a
rocket changes fromrocket changes from
chemical energy tochemical energy to
mechanical energymechanical energy
when the fuel burnswhen the fuel burns

22. Simple MachinesSimple Machines
 LeversLevers
 PulleyPulley
 Wheel and AxelWheel and Axel
 Inclined PlaneInclined Plane
 Wedge and ScrewWedge and Screw
 GearsGears

23. Simple MachinesSimple Machines
 LeversLevers
 Two parts:Two parts:
FulcrumFulcrum
BarBar

24. Simple MachinesSimple Machines
 PulleyPulley
 Two kinds:Two kinds:
FixedFixed
MoveableMoveable

25. Simple MachinesSimple Machines
 Wheel and AxelWheel and Axel
 Two parts:Two parts:
wheelwheel
barbar

26. Simple MachinesSimple Machines
 Inclined PlaneInclined Plane
A flat, slanted surfaceA flat, slanted surface

27. Simple MachinesSimple Machines
 Wedges and ScrewsWedges and Screws
changechange downwarddownward
force intoforce into sidewayssideways
forceforce

28. Simple MachinesSimple Machines
 GearsGears
Wheels with teethWheels with teeth

29. Compound MachinesCompound Machines
WHAT IS AWHAT IS A
COMPOUNDCOMPOUND
MACHINE?MACHINE?
A machine made up ofA machine made up of
two or more simpletwo or more simple
machines.machines.