relative pronouns and formal email

1. Lesson 4
2nd Batxillerat
Year 2019-20

2. Errors in your punctuation when considering
full stops as a solution
• My lecturer is great. She always explains things to us easily.
And gives us time to practice.
• My lecturer is great. She always explains things to us easily.
She also gives us time to practice.
Even better if you combine several solutions:
• My lecturer is great. I love that she always explains things to
use easily. That is not the only thing, she also gives us time
to practice.
Lecturer --> University teacher

3. Errors in your punctuation when considering
semi-colons as a solution
• My lecturer is great; explains things to us easily; and gives us time to
practice.
• My lecturer is great; she explains things to us easily; she gives us time
to practice, too.
Even better if you combine several solutions and enrich the text
• My lecturer is great; she explains things to us easily. I also love that
she gives us plenty of time to practice.

4. Errors in your writing exam
In a book review you have to provide some
information about the
plot

5. Vocabulary I- Write it down now.

6. More words

7. Vocabulary listening page 49
• The company won a contract and is __________ a
hundred new staff.
• My plumber’s taken an _________ to learn the trade.
• Tom got an ____________ in his dad’s company
during college.
• My only task for today is to _________ a job.
• I just want a job that pays a decent _______
hiring
apprentice
internship
Apply for
wage

8. Reading- SB p 50
• The text on pages 50 and 51 is there to teach us how to make
inferences.
• An inference is something that you draw (extract) from the text that is
not explicitly written
• What inferences can you make from the text? Answer the questions if I ask
you.
• Does Shanta’s mum have a job?
• Does the main character usually keep his promises?
• Do you think he has a good relationship with his daughter?
• Does the manager’s home environment seem healthy?
• Is 40 rupees a week a decent wage (salary)?
• Do you think everybody is treated equally in the office?
His wife must be whipping him whenever he is seen at home
Don’t make false promises to the child
The child wants to be with his father
Probably not bec place and time when story is set
petty
All the rest of the office had gone

9. Relative Pronouns to join two sentences
• WHO, WHOM , THAT, WHOSE – PEOPLE
• WHICH AND THAT – THINGS
• WHERE (place)
• WHEN (time)
• WHY (reason)
• What (the thing(s) that) (lo que)
They refer to the
noun before the
relative clause
The boy who won
the match is my
brother

10. Relative pronouns are used…
As subject of the relative clause
I met a man yesterday. He speaks six languages (He who)
• I met a man yesterday who speaks six languages
(The relative pronoun is followed by verb)
As object of the relative clause
I met a man yesterday. The man is a policeman (a man  that)
• The man (that) I met yesterday is a policeman
(The relative pronoun is followed by an noun or a pronoun)

11. Non- defining relative clauses
• Do not identify what is being talked about. The simply add
information.
• “That” is not used in non-defining relative clauses.
• They need commas.
• The relative pronoun cannot be omitted.
• Maria, who was at the party, is not one of my closest friends.
• Dublin, which is the capital of Ireland, is my favourite city.
• We cannot use “that” in non-defining relative pronouns (which or
who, instead)

12. Defining relative
clauses
PROVIDE IMPORTANT
INFORMATION
Non- defining relative
clauses
BETWEEN COMMAS –
UNIMORTANT
INFORMATION
People Who / that Who / THAT
Things Which / that which/ THAT
Places Where where
Time When when
Possession whose whose

13. • They identify/define the noun we are referring to
• The girl (that/who) we met last week is now dating my
cousin.
• The dog (which/that) bit my sister was sacrificed
yesterday
• If we leave them out, the sentence loses meaning.
DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

14. • If the pronoun refers to the object of a defining relative
clause, the relative pronoun can be omitted.
• The man (that) I met yesterday is a policeman
(The relative pronoun is followed by an noun or a pronoun)
BUT:
• I met a man yesterday who speaks six languages
(The relative pronoun is followed by verb)
• Whose cannot be omitted
• Relative pronouns should not be omitted in formal writing.
OMITTING RELATIVE PRONOUNS IN
DEFINING RELATIVE CLAUSES

15. Listening page 50
Withdraw money from a cashier
A frock Crumbled
To wail

17. FORMAL AND INFORMAL RELATIVE CLAUSES
(who / which)
When we have a relative pronoun + a preposition
• Formal register
• Prep + relative pronoun ->
• The house to which I went yesterday fell down.
• The man with whom she has an affair.
• Informal register
• Relative pronoun 
• The house which I went to yesterday fell down.
• The man who she has an affair with.
Who changes into whom in formal register

18. Complete the sentences with the words
below. (8 x 1 = 8 points)
shift | perks | position | deadline | slave | teamwork | qualifications | clerk
1 The ................................................................... is tomorrow, not a day later.
2 The ................................................................... include a company car.
3 He first started working here as a ...................................................................
.
4 You need to have the proper ................................................................... for
this job.
5 She’s been promoted to a new ................................................................... .
6 I’m not a ................................................................... . I don’t work for free.
7 This week I’m working the early ................................................................... .
8 I need help. This task requires ................................................................... .
deadline
perks
position
shift
clerk
qualifications
slave
teamwork

19. Complete the text with suitable relative
pronouns. (7 x 1 = 7 points)
If you are a young adult 1 ................................................ is still at school and
you don’t know what career to choose, you may want to try a career
aptitude test. It’s a short questionnaire 2 ................................................ can
help you decide. It can also help people 3 ................................................
current career isn’t suitable. First, you should go online, 4
................................................ you can find many different kinds of tests.
One such test, aimed at teenagers and young adults, has 289 questions, each
of 5 ................................................ has two possible answers. There are no
right or wrong answers – you just choose the option you prefer. Twenty
volunteers, most of 6 ................................................ were happy in their jobs
at the time 7 ................................................ the test was taken, found that
the results actually agreed with the career choices they had made, showing
how accurate the test was.
Who /that
Which /that
whose
where
Which
Whom
When

20. Combine the sentences using relative
clauses. Do not change the original meaning.
1 Kate is new in the office. She used to be a teacher.
2 I work in a start-up company. It has many employees.
3 The manager was fired. His staff didn’t like him.
4 I don’t want to think about the time. I was unhappy in my job
then.
5 That is the park. We like to meet there.

21. Useful phrases in a letter of application
1. Reason for writing:
I am writing to apply for the position/post of ...
I am writing to apply for the job you advertised in ...
I am writing in connection with the job advertisement in ...
2. Education/Qualifications:
I graduated from ... in ...
I hold a certificate/degree in ...
I have been working as ...
I am currently (a student/employed) at ...
I have completed the following courses ...
• I will graduate this year with ...(a Bachelor of Arts)

22. Useful phrases in a letter of application 2
3. Work experience:
I have experience of ...
As my references show, ...
I feel I have necessary qualities for this job because ...
I am ... (ex. - friendly and hard-working-).
I am a motivated professional with a variety of skills
and experience.
I would also like to add ...

23. Useful phrases in a letter of application III
4. Closing the letter:
I would be happy to attend an interview at any time convenient to you.
I am available for the interview ...
Please contact me if you have any queries at (0568292974).
If you have any questions, please call me at ...
I enclose a ... (CV/my references).
I look forward to meeting you /hearing from you soon.
Thank you for reviewing my letter and my enclosed CV.