Intro lectpt 3

Course Title: Poetry
Course Code & NO.: LANE 447
Course Credit Hrs.: 3 weekly
Level: 7th Level Students

Introductory Lecture
Pt. 3
Elements of a Poem

Instructor: Dr. Noora Al-Malki
Credits of images and online content are to their original owners.

This Presentation
• is divided into three sections (Pt. 1, Pt. 2, and Pt.
3), each dealing with a distinct topic.
• sums up the main points to be discussed in the
course’s introductory lecture.
• introduces main concepts related to the meaning
of poetry, poetry types and forms, elements of a
poem…etc.
• encourages students to read further about
English poetry in the listed references and
websites.
Dr. Noora Al-Malki 2012
2
eaglenoora@yahoo.com

Elements of a Poem
1-Title
2-Age + Poet’s biography
3-Structure- form
4-Speaker (persona- Voice)
5-Subject (surface meaning,
topic)
6-Theme (deep meaning)
7-Point of view
8-Diction & Figurative
language
http://isc.temple.edu/pericles/Poetry.htm

3

Elements of a Poem
titl When you read a poem for the first
time, make sure that you consider
e the title. Just look at it. Try to record
your initial impression of it.

-Do you think it alludes to something?
-Can you guess the content of the
poem depending on this initial
encounter with its title?
-Do you think that the title is
straightforward? Complex? Symbolic?
Ambiguous?

4

5

6

Elements of a Poem
Age-
Then, you have to reflect on the
Biography age during which the poet wrote
his poetry. Why? Simply
because men of letters—
including poets– are always
influenced by the historical,
social, cultural--and definitely
personal--conditions they live.

7

Siegfried Sassoon Dr. Noora Al-Malki 2012
8
War Poet eaglenoora@yahoo.com

9

Elements of a Poem
Structure -
Form
e.g. A sonnet can be identified by use of
Why does a certain form: 14 lines of iambic pentameter; split
poet choose a certain by a volta (change in rhyme scheme) into
octave/sestet. This form shapes the
form for one of his 'argument‘ as well: the volta or turn in
poems? rhyme scheme between octave and sestet
is often accompanied by a turn in content
(often signalled by 'turning words' such as
'yet' or 'but').

10

Fixed Form: Sonnet

The Shakespearean sonnet
consists of:

1-Three four-line stanzas
(called quatrains),

2- And a final couplet.

The rhyme scheme abab
cdcd efef gg

11

Elements of a Poem
Speaker oAs a reader of poetry, you should not
automatically think that a poem directly
reflects the personal experiences or ideas
of the poet.

oIn a poem, you would be reading about
the SPEAKER’S (persona) experiences
who is not necessarily the poet.

oThe use of an identified persona creates
some sort of ambiguity and enables poets
to give expression to things they would
prefer not to have attributed to their own
person.

12

Elements of a Poem
Subject
oIt is the story being told by the
speaker, or the situation being
delineated. It is the metaphoric
representation (or mask) which the
poet uses to present (disguise) his
main idea (theme).

13

Elements of a Poem
Theme The controlling idea of a poem is the
idea continuously developed
throughout the poem by sets of key
words that identify the poet's subject
and his attitude or feeling about it. It
may also be suggested by the title of a
poem or by segment of the poem. It is
rarely stated explicitly by the poet, but
it can be stated by the reader and it
can be stated in different ways.

14

Elements of a Poem
Point of View1st person � gives immediacy and intimacy,
sympathy is more intense. Drawback to 1st
person use is that the poet can only write what
he/she personally knows or sees.
2nd person - Rarely used but possible. It tends
to make the reader (you) average either by
idealizing or typicalizing the focus of the verse.
Second person use in poetry almost seems
instructional.
3rd person - The narrator of poem may be either
omniscient, reporting the thoughts of several
characters or limited third person limited to a
single limited character and that character's
awareness.
It is possible to show multiple points of view and
have all stay within the third person in a single
poem http://www.sktc.net/~beaton/pov_in_poetry.html
15

Elements of a Poem
Diction & Figurative language
Poetic diction is the term used to refer to
the linguistic style, the vocabulary, and the
metaphors used in the writing of poetry.
A figure of speech is a rhetorical device that
achieves a special effect by using words in
distinctive ways.
- metaphor - a comparison between two seemingly unlike
things.
- simile - a comparison between two seemingly unlike things
using like or as.
- personification - giving human characteristics to inanimate
objects.
- allusion - a reference to a famous person, event, or other
literary work.
- apostrophe - a speech given to an inanimate object, an
idea, or someone who is dead.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poetic_diction - hyperbole - a deliberate exaggeration.
16

Extra material to check out

http://bcs.bedfordstmartins.com/virtualit/poetry/elements.html

http://davehood59.wordpress.com/2010/01/08/elements-of-poetry/

http://grammar.about.com/od/rhetoricstyle/a/20figures.htm

17

Intro lectpt 3

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