Structure of Intellect by Guilford Guilford and his associates proposed the theory of Structure of Intellects on their attempt of factor analysis. Process of operation ;Material or content;Product Cognition: This involves immediate discovery, rediscovery, awareness, comprehension and understanding. Memory recording: It is a fundamental operation. It refers to the retention of what is recognised for a short duration. Memory retention: It means the retention of what is recognised for a long period of time. Divergent thinking: It refers to the generation of information from the given data where the emphasis is on conventionally accepted best outcomes. Convergent thinking: It involves thinking in different directions, searching and seeking some different variety and novelty. It is closely related with creativity. It simply means thinking out of the box. Evaluation: It refers to the reaching of conclusion and decision as the goodness, correctness, adequacy and desirability of information. Material or Contents: Visual content: It refers to the concrete material perceived through ideas and thoughts. Symbolic content: t refers to the composition of letters, digits or other conventional signs and symbols usually organised in general patterns. Semantic content: t refers to the clear verbal form of meanings or ideas for which no examples are necessary. Behavioural content: It refers to the social intelligence which enables one to understand human communications. Products: Units: This is similar to Gestalt psychology of figure and ground; relatively segregated items. Classes: It refers to conceptions underlying sets of information or data grouped by virtue of their common properties. Relations: It refers to the connections between items of information based on variables. These connections are more meaningful and definable. Systems: It refers to the aggregate of items of information or data with a structure. Transformations: It refers to the changes like redefination, modification in existing information or its functions. Implications: It refers to the explorations of information in the form of expectancies, predictions and consequences.

1. J.P. Guilford
(1897–1987)

2. J.P. Guilford
(1897–1987)
was a United States psychologist, best
remembered for his psychometric study of
human intelligence, including the distinction
between convergent and divergent production.

3. Intelligence Definition
Intelligence is an ability to act
directionally, think rationally, and face
the environment effectively.

4. Difference

5. Guilford has suggested that there are three (3) basic
categories, or faces of intellect:
operations - the process of thinking
contents - what we think about
products - the end results of our thinking

6. J.P. Guilford developed the idea of specific intelligence
factors into a very detailed model beginning in the
1950s. Guilford(1967) conceives of intelligence as being
a combination of three dimensions, shown in the below
model:

7. Cognition
This involves immediate discovery,
rediscovery, awareness,
comprehension and understanding.

8. Memory
Memory recording: It is a
fundamental operation. It refers to the
retention of what is recognised for a
short duration.

9. Memory retention: It means the
retention of what is recognised for a
long period of time.

10. Divergent thinking
: It refers to the generation of
information from the given data where
the emphasis is on conventionally
accepted best outcomes.

11. Convergent thinking
It involves thinking in different
directions, searching and seeking
some different variety and novelty. It is
closely related with creativity. It simply
means thinking out of the box.

12. Evaluation
It refers to the reaching of conclusion
and decision as the goodness,
correctness, adequacy and desirability
of information.

13. Content dimension
• Visual is information in visual form such as are shape
or color.
example: triangle, cubes, parabola, etc.

14. • Auditory
involves information in auditory form, such as spoken words or
music

15. • Symbolic are symbol or codes
representing concrete object or
abstract concepts.
•

16. •Semantic of learning are those words and ideas which evoke a mental
image when they are presented as stimuli.
Example: sun, car, white, moon, etc. are word which evoke image in
people’s minds when they hear or read them.

17. Behavioral contents of learning are the
manifestation of stimuli and responses in
people can be also obtained through facial
expression or voice.

18. Product Dimension
• Unit is a single symbol, figure, word, object, or idea.
Example: each real number.
• Classes is sets of items grouped by virtue of their
common properties
Example: set of real numbers.
• Relations are connections between items of
information
Example: equality and inequality are relation in the set
of real numbers.

19. •Systems: It refers to the aggregate of items of
information or data with a structure.
•Transformations: It refers to the changes like
redefination, modification in existing information or
its functions.
•Implications: It refers to the explorations of
information in the form of expectancies, predictions
and consequences.

20. “To live is to have problems and to solve
problems is to grow intellectually.”
Joy Paul Guilford