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Fooled by Randomness
The Hidden Role of Chance in Life and in the Market

            By: Nassim Nicholas Taleb




                                 Presented By:
                                 Nikunj Patel (10029)
                                 Piyush Kakkar (10030)
Nassim Nicholas Taleb

An MBA from Wharton and a PhD from the University of Paris.
He is currently a Distinguished Professor of Risk Engineering at
New York University's Polytechnic Institute and Visiting Professor
of Marketing (Cognitive Science) at London Business School.
Outline of the book
Book is divided in three parts:
‱ Part 1: Solon’s Warning

‱ Part 2: Monkey’s on Typewriters

‱ Part 3: Wax in My Ears
Part 1: Solon’s Warning
‱ Introduces the concept of randomness and
  rare events (the black swan)

‱ Explains the understanding of human beings
  towards randomness

‱ Explains the impact of these rare events
Part 2: Monkey’s on Typewriters
‱ Explains the human biasness towards the
  randomness

‱ Explains the luck factor and probability
  blindness of human beings
Part 3: Wax in My Ears
‱ How human beings deal with the
  uncertainties/randomness
Theory of Determinism
          Vs.
Theory of Randomness
Mediocristan
    Vs.
Extremistan
Luck or Skill???
Ten Thousand Monkeys on
       Typewriter
Past is Imperfect Guide of
          Future
Black Swan Event
Something did not happen till now
that does not mean that it will not
       happen in the future
Silent Evidence

We always try to
 learn from the
    winners
Process is Important

             Good          Bad
            Process      Process
 Good
            Skilled       Lucky
Outcome

  Bad                   Fool who
          Unfortunate
Outcome               deserves that
Frame of Reference

We always try to
  relate our
 success with
    others
Useless Bell...




Life is not always 50:50
Taleb’s Distribution
High probability of a small gain, and a
 small probability of a very large loss
Learned statistics ???
       Please

      Unlearn it
Most Dangerous Knowledge Given by Professors and Teachers
Incorrect application of
        statistics
Dr. John(statistician) & Tony(Layman)
What we don’t know is
more important than
  what we know


Our decisions depends on only
       what we know.
Noise ??? Information
Timescale and Noise
            Probability of
Timescale                    Noise
               success
  1 sec        50.02%        49.98 %

  1 min        50.17%        49.83 %

  1 hour        51.3%        48.7 %

  1 day          54%          46 %

 1 month         67%          33 %

1 quarter        77%          23 %

  1 year         93%          7%
Madhucon Projects Ltd.
Take Your Decision

 25 %        How
            Much???

 10 %
Unpredictable




Comparison                             Analyze




             Outcome        Yes
Black Swan
              Event

           Don’t Know

             Past Vs.
              future
Decision
              Noise/
           Information
             Silent
            Evidence
              Taleb
           Distribution
Our Conflicts
‱ Statistics Vs. No Statistics
‱ Theory Vs. Reality
‱ How to identify Noise (Randomness)
Further Reading

‱ After “Fooled by Randomness” in 2001 N.N.
  taleb has published

‱ “Black Swan” in 2007 and
‱ “The Bed of Procrustes- Philosophical and
  Practical Aphorisms”in Dec-2010.
Any Noise???

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Fooled by randomness

Hinweis der Redaktion

  1. Theory of determinism- everything can be determined with certainty from pervious patterns, accidents never happen and everything is reason basedTheory of randomness- nothing can be determined with 100 % certainty, accidents do happen and everything is not reason based
  2. Mediocristan: many prizesExtremistan: No second prize.Technology, Singers, Movie vs. plays.
  3. Monkey who typed iliadwill not type oddessy
  4. Explains the risk, its impact and role of randomness in risk- Russian roulette George sorrow(how I make so much money by betting against pound)Rakeshjhunjhunwala(how I make so much wealth)..
  5. Normal distribution curve never holds good in actual practicesThere will always be some skewness.There will always be two events A and B, one with high probability of occurrence and other will less probability of occurrence, the one with less probability will have 4 times the impact
  6. Mean, Median, Sigma value, z value, t value ll not be applicable in real life decisions.
  7. Toss a coin for 99 times and if u ll get heads all the times then what is the probability of getting heads on 100th time ?
  8. When investing in stock market we know about company’s financial position as published in leading newspapers and available on internet but sometimes we don’t know managerial problems within the company.
  9. Noise : random change in valuesInformation : change because of some reason
  10. Retired dentist , 241 Vs. 239 time in a day.
  11. In Black Swan he talks about rare event and damage caused by this rare events and also predicts the down fall of the market of 2008-09.In The Bed of Procrustes- Philosophical and Practical Aphorisms. He says we humans, facing limits of knowledge and things we do not observe, the unseen and the unknown, resolve the tension by squeezing life and the world into crisp commoditized ideas.