RESTful Web API and MongoDB go for a pic nic
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Why and how MongoDB is a perfect match for building your next RESTful Web API. Presented at: NoSQL Day 2013 (Udine, Italy), MongoTorino 2013 (Turin, Italy), A Morning With MongoDB (Milan).
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RESTful Web API and MongoDB go for a pic nic
- 1. RESTful Web APIs and MongoDB go for a picnic Nicola Iarocci @nicolaiarocci
- 2. Nicola Iarocci Eve REST API Framework, Cerberus, Events Co-founder @ gestionaleamica.com, Book Author, MongoDB Master
- 3. Nicola Iarocci TL;DR Passionate full stack developer
- 4. Il Piccolo Libro di MongoDB edizione italiana del libro di Karl Seguin disponibile per il download @ nicolaiarocci.com
- 6. gestionaleamica.com your typical old school desktop application
- 8. gestionaleamica.com now going web and mobile
- 9. gestionaleamica.com “ we need a remote API to keep everything in sync ” -ha A ent mo m
- 11. Initial draft Clients API Database RESTful ! Web API “Cloud” ? ? iOS Android Website Desktop Client
- 12. Constraints • minimum viable product first • add features over time • frequent database schema updates • avoid downtime as much as possible
- 13. So we started exploring new paths
- 14. MongoDB and REST ! or why we picked MongoDB for our REST API
- 15. JSON-style data store true selling point for me
- 16. JSON for transport all client to API communication is going to be JSON
- 17. JSON & RESTful API GET Client Mongo JSON! JSON! accepted media type (BSON) maybe we can push directly to client?
- 18. JSON & RESTful API GET Client API JSON! JSON! accepted media type subset of python dict! (kinda) almost. Mongo JSON! (BSON)
- 19. JSON & RESTful API POST Client JSON! objects API JSON/dict! maps to python dict! (validation layer) Mongo JSON! (BSON) also works when posting (adding) items to the database
- 20. Similarity with RDBMS made NoSQL easy to grasp (even for a dumbhead like me)
- 22. What about Queries? Queries in MongoDB are represented as JSON-style objects // select * from things where x=3 and y="foo" db.things.find({x: 3, y: "foo”});
- 23. Filtering and Sorting let’s simply expose MongoDB syntax ?where={x: 3, y: "foo”} Client native! Mongo! query syntax API (very) thin parsing! & validation layer Mongo JSON! (BSON)
- 24. JSON all along the pipeline mapping to and from the database feels more natural
- 25. ORM Where we’re going we don’t need ORMs.
- 26. Schema-less dynamic documents allow for painless, progressive evolution
- 27. PyMongo MongoDB drivers are beautiful. Really.
- 28. Also in MongoDB • setup is a breeze • lightweight • fast inserts, updates and queries • excellent documentation • great support by 10gen • great community
- 29. REST in practice ! with some MongoDB love
- 30. Collections API entry point + plural nouns api.example.com/contacts collection to a Mongo Maps
- 31. Document API entry point + plural nouns + ID api.example.com/contacts/4f46445fc88e201858000000 on ObjectID o a collecti Maps t
- 33. Resource GET /contacts?where={“age”: {“$gt”: 20}}&projection={“lastname”: 1} def get_collection(collection):! documents = []! cursor = db(collection).find(where, projection)! for document in cursor:! documents.append(document)! return documents find() accepts a python dict as query expression, and returns a cursor we can iterate
- 34. Resource GET /contacts?where={“age”: {“$gt”: 20}}&projection={“lastname”: 1} def get_collection(collection):! documents = []! cursor = db(collection).find(where, projection)! for document in cursor:! documents.append(document)! return documents find() accepts a python dict as query expression, and returns a cursor we can iterate
- 35. Resource GET /contacts?where={“age”: {“$gt”: 20}}&projection={“lastname”: 1} def get_collection(collection):! documents = []! cursor = db(collection).find(where, projection)! for document in cursor:! documents.append(document)! return documents find() accepts a python dict as query expression, and returns a cursor we can iterate
- 36. JSON Rendering
- 38. JSON Rendering
- 40. PATCHing def patch_document(collection, original):! (...)! # Perform the update! db(collection).update({"_Id": ObjectId(object_id)}, ! {"$set": updates})! mongo update() method commits updates to the database.
- 41. PATCHing def patch_document(collection, original):! (...)! # Perform the update! db(collection).update({"_Id": ObjectId(object_id)}, ! {"$set": updates})! udpate() takes the unique Id of the document to update
- 42. PATCHing def patch_document(collection, original):! (...)! # Perform the update! db(collection).update({"_Id": ObjectId(object_id)}, ! {"$set": updates})! $set accepts a dict! with the updates for the db eg: {“active”: False}. updates are atomic
- 44. POSTing Take #1 def post(collection):! (...)! for key, item in docs.items():! response[ID_FIELD] = db(collection).insert(item) push document and get its ObjectId back from Mongo. like other CRUD operations, inserting is trivial in mongo.
- 45. POSTing Take #2 Bulk inserts!! (let’s look at the code)
- 46. after a lot of tinkering we released an ambitious open source project
- 47. Eve REST API Framework powered by Flask, MongoDB and good intentions python-eve.org
- 48. Beta 0.2 • 1.000+ stargazers • 120 forks • 24 contributors • 7.935 downloads
- 49. Eve Extensions contributed by the community • Eve-ElasticSearch • Eve-SQLAlchemy • Eve-Docs • Eve-Mocks
- 50. Wanna see it running? Hopefully it won’t explode right into my face
- 51. Initial draft Clients API Database RESTful ! Web API “Cloud” ? ? iOS Android Website Desktop Client
- 53. MongoDB Rocks! your RESTful Web API