3. Data & Data Set: The information that you collect from an experiment, survey, or archival source is referred to as your data. Most generally, data can be defined as a list of numbers possessing meaningful relations. A data set is a representation of data, defining a set of ariables" that are measured on a set of ases." Variable: A variable is any characteristic of an object that can be represented as a number. The values that the variable takes will vary when measurements are made on different objects or at different times. Case: Recorded information about an object we observe a case.
4. Every row is a single case Every column is a variable
5. Data Processing: Data processing most often refers to processes that convert data into information or knowledge. Information: Information is defined as either a meaningful answer to a query or a meaningful stimulus that can consider into further queries.
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9. SOME PROBLEMS IN PROCESSING: a) The Problem Concerning “Don’t Know” or DK/NA responses. b) Use of Percentages %
10. Softwares: SPSS SAS Quantum Quanvert Stata Strata Systat Euler Matlab Minitab
12. Data File Formats: SPSS: *.sav Excel: *xls ASCII: *.asc, *.dat Programming in Quantum: Exporting data in ASCII format. Programming according to questionnaire (Drafting Set File) Outputs in *.csv formats
