Blockchain is disrupting all industries, since it is a general purpose technology. At the Open Banking Forum in Zürich at the end of March, our expert Elena Karafiloski presented use cases in health and education.

1. Elena Karafiloski
2018-03-20
Health Information Traceability and
Education Credentials Platform
Blockchain Use Cases

2. What are we going to talk about?
Demystifying Blockchain
Blockchain applications
Use Case #1: Health Information Traceability
Use Case #2: Education Credentials Platform

3. How do we explain it?
Demystifying BlockchainThe Blockchain

4. It’s a chain of blocks
It’s a database of timestamped blocks
Transactions
Transaction Pools
Mining
New block
Thetransactionsareirreversible.
Blockchain

5. Do you need a Blockchain?
If a traditional database meets your needs, you don’t need a Blockchain.
If you don’t mind putting someone in charge of the database, you don’t need a
Blockchain.
If you trust all the participants that update the database and it’s not likely for the
database to be attacked, than you also don’t need Blockchain.
In all other cases, depending on the level of the data privacy and restricted access you
may need private or public Blockchain.

6. The Need of an Ecosystem
Don’t forget that blockchains are transactional databases.
All other documents and images should be stored outside of the Blockchain.
We require a distributed storage or trustful cloud and data lake.
In Blockchain we store simple transactions:
– just as an immutable index of the data
– metadata mostly for ownership and access info
– URL link to the cloud that has the data

7. Public vs. Private Blockchain
Anyone in theworldcan:
readthedatafromtheBlockchain
sendtransactions
participateintheconsensus
Typicallyhasanincentivizingmechanism
Minersbehavewellbecauseare gettingpayed
Slowerandimplylittleto no privacyfor transactions
thisisa considerationforenterpriseblockchains.
Restrictions on who is allowed to participate
in the network, or just in certain
transactions.
User behave well because they are identified
and held responsible
No mining – means faster transactions
Privacy – show data to the participants, but
not to the world!
Private BlockchainPublic Blockchain

8. Public vs. Private Blockchain
Private BlockchainPublic Blockchain

9. Application
Smart Contracts
Retail and Supply
ChainHealthcare
Digital
Property
Finance &
Insurance
Public
Service
IoT
Real Estate

10. A Blockchain-based Online Marketplace for Personal Health Data
https://hit.foundation/
Health Information Traceability - HIT

11. Some identified issues in Healthcare
Data format and structure is not unified.
On time data sharing is not achieved.
Healthcare data is in silos of many healthcare providers.
Hardly possible to gather all history of one patient.
Who owns the
patient’s data?

12. Opportunities
 In healthcare tremendous amounts of data are generated by medical documentation,
regulatory requirements, and patient care.
 Digitization in healthcare lead to a constant rise of data being gathered on the
individual user or patient’s level.
 In a recent survey in Switzerland 43% of all people would be willing to give personal
data to medical research, either for free or for a reduction of their health insurance
premium.
 In France 99% of all internet user would share personal information if they received
cash rewards in return.

13. Concerns and Limitations
Lack of interoperability
Privacy
Incentives

14. HIT’s Vision and Mission
Blockchain-based online marketplace
for health data
Empowering patients with full
control over their health data

15. Value Proposition
 Allow individuals to store, trace data usage and participate in its monetization.
 Individuals are granting access to their data under a smart contract.
 Smart contracts set conditions of the data usage by information seekers such as
market researchers, academic institutions or hospitals.
 The HIT token is used as an incentive and aligns the motivation
of all network participants.
 HIT motivates individuals to digitize their health-related data
and give the individual the opportunity to a) earn a token in
exchange for data and b) redeem bonuses for the tokens
earned.

16. The Marketplace
 The HIT-system is only the enabler of an ecosystem where individuals can monetize
their personal-health data.
 Data seekers can access data in a much more efficient, hence faster and even cheaper
way.
 Participants must be able to exchange their tokens not only for information but also
for a so called bonus.
 A bonus can be everything from a medical video-consultation to a wellness offer or a
reduction in the health insurance premium.

17. Token – Information Exchange

18. System Architecture

19. Use Cases
Research
Surveys
Pay-for-performancemodels
Hospitalcheck-in
Prescriptionrefill
SecondopinionServices
DNA/Biobank
ComplianceSupport
Donationandsponsoringoftreatments
Volunteerwork10

20. Token Distribution
- A total of 1 billion HIT tokens
(cap) will be issued
- The number of tokens is justified
by the potential number of users
and the transaction volume in
the healthcare market.
- In the crowd-funding the token
will be sold at €uro 0.10.

21. Blockchain-based Education Credentials Platform
Attainr

22. Benefits of Blockchain for certificates
Relying on centralized authorities to verify the authenticity of a certificate can be a
slow and complicated process.
Accessing the Blockchain and verifying a certificate directly in the system, replaces
institutions with a permanent infrastructure of trust.
At the same time, the Blockchain empowers individuals to hold their own official
records and share them with others.
The Blockchain acts as a notary that can always attest to the authenticity of
certificates.

23. Blockchain for SIMSA
SIMSA – Swiss Internet Industry Association
This educational certificates solution enables Simsa members to create, store,
validate (sign), display and revoke educational certificates.
Some challenges:
Who can issue a certificate?
Where are the certificates stored?
Who can verify the certificate’s validity?
How can the system be always accessible?

24. Storing the certificates
All certificates are stored in a decentralized storage with a local copy at multiple
issuers.
A digital certificate is essentially a JSON file with all the necessary fields.
Our smart contracts place the certificate as a transaction in the Blockchain and share
it between all the members.
All future modifications of the certificate are also new transactions in the Blockchain.

25. Verifying the certificates
For every certificate, the system creates a unique ID as proof of existence.
The owner of the certificate knows the ID and the URL to her certificate and can
share it when needed.
Using the public Blockchain verifier, everyone with the certificate’s ID can ask for
verification.
Then the system checks both the proof of existence and the revocation status of the
certificate. If all is fine, the system visually displays the certificate and the signature.

26. System Architecture
Application Infrastructure
Hyperledger Infrastructure
Member service
Validation Peer 0
Validation Peer 1 Validation Peer 2
Validation Peer 3Web App Server
Web App Server Web App Server
RDBMS

27. Hyperledger and OpenBadges
- We have decided to use Hyperledger as the best framework for building
permissioned blockchains.
- OpenBadges is an open standard for verifiable, portable digital badges with
embedded metadata about skills and achievements.
- It is a JSON defined extensible format for the specific needs of the issuer

28. The web application

32. Take away notes
Disrupting all the
industries
Blockchainis stillin
experimentaland
infrastructurebuilding
stage.
Multi-decade
timeline
Removing
intermediaries
Immutablechainand
networkconsensusleadto
transparencyas never
before.
Achieving trust
Distributed ledger
across many
participants in the
network — it doesn’t
exist in one place.
It’s a general purpose
technology.
Healthcare
Building the first
blockchain-based
marketplace for health
data
Certificates
Management of digital
educational credentials.
Secure, tamper-proof
creation and issuance of
digital credentials which
are easily verified

33. 33
QUESTIONS?
Thank you!