its my bio ppt

2. TOPIC

3. The branch of agriculture that deal with the feeding caring & breeding of
domestic animal is called animal husbandry. Husbanding means to use a
resource carefully & without waste. Thus, animal farming or animal
husbandry requires planning for domestic animals shelter breeding health
disease control &proper economic utlisation. Our domestic animals or
livestock includes those animals which are raised for farming, e.g., cattle(cow
,bull or ox), buffalo, yak ,horse ,ass, goat, sheep, camel etc.
As the population increase &as living standard increase, the demand for milk
egg & meat is also going up .also ,the growing awareness of the need for
humane treatment of livestock has brought in limitation in livestock farming.
Thus, livestock production also needs to be improved.

4. Cattle husbandry is done for two purposes-
Milk &draught labor for agricultural work such as tilling, irrigation &
carting. Indian cattle belong two different species , Bos indicus,
cow,& Bos bubalius , buffaloes. Milk-producing females are called
milch animal (dairy animal),while the ones used for farm labour are
called draught animals.

5. The requirement of proper cleaning & shelter for cow & buffaloes is must due two
reasons (1).for the production of clean milk; (2)for the heath of animal. Both cow &
buffalo require regular brushing to remove dirt & loose hairs. They should be sheltered
under well-ventilated roofed sheds that protect them fro rain ,heat, cold. The floor of the
cattle shed needs to be sloping so as to stay dry & to facilitate cleaning.
The requirements of dairy animals are of two type;
Maintenance requirements: the food is required by the animal to perform the basic
function of life.
Milk producing requirement: it include the type of food require during lactation period .

6. Cow & buffalo suffer from various diseases. The diseases adversely affect the
production of milk & causes mortality of sick animal .
Skin diseases

7. The poultry farming industry with its production in the form of egg & meat is of
particular importance in providing a balanced diet for the human population. The
word poultry has originated from the old French word ‘poult’ means chickens the
young one common domestic fowl. So this word should have been used only for
domestication of chicken or fowls. However, poultry also includes ducks ,geese ,
turkeys , guinea-fowls and pigeons .poultry is the choice of million has staple food
world over. In our country also chicken and egg are choiced poultry products of
large section of non-vegetarian population, since it serve as a cheep source of
animal protein. India is the fifth largest country in the world in poultry production
after china , former USSR,USA and Japan.
VARITY IMPROVEMENT
The programmes of cross breeding between Indian &foreign breeds for verity
improvement are focused to developed new varieties for the following desirable
traits:
1.Quantity &quality of chicks;
2. Dwarf broiler parent for commercial chick production for summer adaptation
capacity/ tolerance to high temperature;
3. Low maintenance requirement;
4.Reduction in the size of the layer with ability to utilize more , cheap diet formulated
using agricultural by products.

8. Broiler chicken are fed with vitamin-rich supplementary feed for good growth rate &
better feed efficiency. care is taken to avoid mortality & to maintain feathering
&carcass quality. They are produced as broiler & sent to market for meat purposes.
For good production of poultry bird s good management practices are
important. These includes maintenance of temperature & hygienic condition in
house & poultry feed, as well as prevention & control of diseases & pests. The
housing nutritional &environmental requirement of broiler are somewhat
different from those of egg layers. The ration (daily food requirement) for
broiler is protein rich with adequate fat. The level of vitamins A& K is kept high
in the poultry feed.

9. Poultry fowl suffer from a number of diseases caused by virus,
Bactria fungi, parasites, as well as from nutritional deficiencies.
These necessitate proper cleaning, sanitation, spraying of
disinfectants at regular intervals. Appropriate vaccination can
prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases & reduce loss of
poultry during an outbreak of diseases.
Birds suffering from
skin disease

11. Fresh water resources includes canal, pond, reservoirs & river. brackish water
resources, where sea water &fresh water mix together, such as estuaries &
lagoons are also important fish reservoirs. While capture fishing is also done in
such inland water bodies, the yield is not high. Most fish production from these
resources is through aquaculture.
Fish culture is sometimes done in combination with a rice crop, so that fish are
grown in the water in the paddy field. More intensive fish farming can be done
in composite fish culture system. Both local & imported fish species are used in
such system.
In such system , a combination of five or six fishes spices is used in a single
fishpond. These species are selected so that they do not compete for food
habits. As a result, the food available in all the part of the pond is used & this
increase the fish yield from the pond.

12. One problem with such composite culture is that many of these fish breed only during
monsoon. Even if fish seed is collected from the wild , it can be mixed with that of
other species as well. So, a major problem in fish is lack of availability of good quality
seed to overcome this problem , ways have now been worked out to breed these fish
in pound using hormonal stimulation . This has ensured the supply of pure fish seed
in desire quantities
FISHES

13. The practice of bee keeping is called apiculture. It is done to get honey, beeswax,
etc . Honey is known to have medicinal value . it is fond to be quite useful in the
treatment of various disorders of humans relate to digestion, dysentery, vomiting&
stomach & liver ailment. Honey is supposed to be blood purifier, cure against
cough,& cold sore throat, ulcers of the tongue, ulcer of stomach& intestine , etc.
since honey is rich in iron &calcium, it helps in growth of human body .
Bee keeping being a low – investment enterprise has become a favourite source of
some extra income for the Indian farmers. Hey have started to do bee keeping along
with their usual agricultural practices.bee keeping also help in cross pollination of
flowers of crop plant, since pollen are transferred from one flower to another by
bees while they are collecting the nectar.
Poison of bee used in manufacturing of certain ayurvedic & homeopathic medicines

14. The value & quality of honey depend upon the pasturage, or the flower
available to the bees for nectar and pollen collection .in addition to the
adequate quality of pasturage , the kind of flower available will
determine the taste of the honey.
Honey bee are commonly infected by viruses ,bacteria , fungi
and protozoa. For example , the bacterium bacillus
apisceptious infect blood of bee causing septicemia.
QUEEN
WOREKE
R
DRONE
THREE DIFFERENT
CASTES OF A COLONY
OF HONEY BEE