2. TABLE OF CONTENTS
ï Introduction
ï Working Of Hybrid Vehicle
ï Regenerative Braking
ï History
ï Present
ï Pros & Cons Of Hybrid Vehicles
ï Scope
3. Introduction.
ï HYBRID means combination of two.
VIZ. I.C. Engine and Electric Motor.
ï Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVâs)
ï Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVâs)
5. Regenerative Braking
ï A regenerative brake is an energy
recovery mechanism
ï Converts Kinetic energy into Electrical form.
ï While braking, it absorbs 80% of kinetic energy.
6. History
ï 1st hybrid car was made by Porsche in 1898.
ï A 3.5 horsepower in which the small gasoline engine
was mated to an electric motor in 1900.
ï In 1916, Woods claimed that their hybrid reached a
top speed of 35 mph and achieved fuel efficiency of 48
mpg.
ï Dr. Baruch Berman, Dr. George H. Gelb and Dr. Neal
A. Richardson developed, demonstrated and patented
the Hybrid Power train.
ï In 1976, General Electric was chosen to construct a
parallel-hybrid sedan, and Toyota built its first hybrid.
7. Present
A number of cars are launched after year 2000 listed as
follows:
ï Toyota Prius (4 Door Sedan).
ï Honda civic hybrid.
ï Ford hybrid escape (1st hybrid SUV).
Many of major automakers like Toyota, Lexus,
Porsche, Mercedes, Honda etc are launching hybrid
models in the market.
8. Pros Of Hybrid Systems
ï Lowered environmental impact.
ï Less noise pollution.
ï Increased Efficiency.
ï Durable & Reliable.
ï Less Maintenance.
9. Cons Of Hybrid Systems
ï Costly.
ï Heavy weight of batteries.
ï Availability of charging stations.
10. Scope
ï Regenerative braking actually makes city driving more
economical than on the highway.
ï Fuel efficiency is greatly increased (twice).
ï Emissions are greatly decreased.
ï Dependency on fossils fuels can be decreased.
ï Hybrids can be run on alternative fuels as well.
ï Concern for environment is increasing among people.