Enabling real-time communications for the modern power grid with Dwayne Bradley

1. Pub/Sub on the Power Grid
Dwayne Bradley, Technology Development Manager, Emerging Technology Office

2. Dwayne Bradley
Who am I?
▪ 23 years at Duke Energy
▪ Programmer at heart – prefer statically-typed
languages
▪ Like to build things, research new technologies
▪ Wife, 7 kids, 3 dogs and a cat 😁
What am I going to talk about today?
▪ Quick background on Duke Energy
▪ How the traditional power grid works
▪ What are we doing different…and most
importantly why
▪ New standards we are helping to develop
▪ NATS in a microgrid
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.

3. ▪ 150+ years of service
▪ 7.7 million electric customers,
approximately 25 million people
▪ 1.6 million natural gas customers
▪ Fortune 150 company
▪ Traded on NYSE as DUK
▪ 7 states: North Carolina, South Carolina,
Florida, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky,
Tennessee
▪ 51 GW of owned generation capacity
▪ More than 6.4 GW of wind and solar
projects operating in 22 states
▪ Since 2007, invested more than $6 billion
to grow wind and solar business
Facts About Duke Energy
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.

4. Renewables to Date:
• More than $6 billion
invested
• In last year, grew our
renewable capacity from
5,500 MW to more than
6,400 MW
• One of the top 5
renewable companies in
the U.S.
Renewable Goals:
• Own or have under
contract 8,000 MW of
wind, solar and biomass
capacity by 2020
• Invest approximately $2.7
billion in next 5 years
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.
Duke Energy Renewable Portfolio

5. Transformer
345-500 kV
Transmission
substation
115 kV
Distribution substation
12.47-25 kV
7200 V Single Phase
240 V
Meter base
Traditional Power Grid
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.

6. Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.
SCADA – Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

7. OpenFMB – Enabling Distributed Intelligence
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.
Key Observations:
1. Single-Purpose Functions
2. Proprietary & Silo’ed systems
3. Latent , Error-prone Data
4. OT/IT/Telecom Disconnected
5. No Field Interoperability!
UTILITY
CENTRAL
OFFICE
Head
End A
Vendor A Solution
Private
Carrier
R
Head
End C
Vendor C Solution
Public
Carrier
900MHz
ISM
EnterpriseServiceBus
Head
End B
Vendor B Solution
Proprietary
Network
UTILITY
CENTRAL
OFFICE
Head
End A
Head
End B
Head
End C
EnterpriseServiceBus
CIM
DNP3
Node
3G, LTE, Wi-Fi,
Fiber, Ethernet,
RF ISM, or PLC
Node
OpenFieldMessageBus
Any Medium
61850+CIM
IoT Pub/Sub
Key Observations:
1. Multi-Purpose Functions
2. Modular & Scalable HW&SW
3. End-to-End Situational Awareness
4. OT/IT/Telecom Convergence
5. True Field Interoperability!
R
Sunspec
Modbus
C12.22
or CoAP
MESA
DNP3
61850
GOOSE

8. OpenFMB – Enabling Distributed Intelligence
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.
UTILITY
CENTRAL
OFFICE
Head
End A
Head
End B
Head
End C
EnterpriseServiceBus
CIM
DNP3
Node
3G, LTE, Wi-Fi,
Fiber, Ethernet,
RF ISM, or PLC
Node
OpenFieldMessageBus
Any Medium
61850+CIM
IoT Pub/Sub
Key Observations:
1. Multi-Purpose Functions
2. Modular & Scalable HW&SW
3. End-to-End Situational Awareness
4. OT/IT/Telecom Convergence
5. True Field Interoperability!
UTILITY
CENTRAL
OFFICE
Head
End A
Vendor A Solution
Private
Carrier
EnterpriseServiceBus
Head
End B
Vendor B Solution
Proprietary
NetworkNode
Cellular Network
Utility Office
Battery
Storage
Rapid Swing in
Production
Update
Model
Response
Decision
Solar PV
“Open Field Message Bus”
(OpenFMB)
Meter
R
Sunspec
Modbus
C12.22
or CoAP
MESA
DNP3
61850
GOOSE

9. Microgrid Test Site and ETO Lab – Mt Holly, NC
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.

10. Microgrid Test Site and ETO Lab – Mt Holly, NC
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.
Solar (PV)
Islanding Switch
BESS
Natural Gas
Generator
Microturbines
Controllable Load
Meters and
Weather
Station
OpenFMB Node with
NATS Message Bus
ETO Lab
Transformer

11. Microgrid Test Site and ETO Lab – Mt Holly, NC
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.

12. Rankin Feeder + Mt Holly Microgrid
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.
OpenFMB Node with NATS Message Bus - Feeder
OpenFMB Node with NATS Message Bus - Microgrid
Operational Schedules Exchanged between Feeder and Microgrid

13. Sierra Wireless Demo – DistribuTECH 2019
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.

14. DistribuTECH 2020
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.

15. Live Data Demo
Microgrid Test Site and ETO Lab – Mt Holly, NC
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.

16. OpenFMB Information:
▪ https://openfmb.org – UCAiug website for OpenFMB
▪ https://openfmb.io – Links to current use cases and published data models
▪ https://gitlab.com/openfmb - git repositories for public openfmb released information
▪ https://gitlab.com/mthollylab - Sample code for publishing and subscribing to OpenFMB using NATS
My contact information:
▪ Twitter: https://twitter.com/dwaynebradley70
▪ GitLab: https://gitlab.com/dwaynebradley
▪ GitHub: https://github.com/dwaynebradley
▪ LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/dwayne-bradley-a9658115b
▪ Email: Dwayne.Bradley@duke-energy.com
Wrap up
Copyright © 2020 Duke Energy Corporation All rights reserved.