Sosio informatics - morality and the law

1. SOSIO INFORMATIKA
UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK DAN ILMU KOMPUTER
20192019
Socio Informatics
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2. UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK DAN ILMU KOMPUTER
20192019
Yusra Fernando, M.Komyusra.fernando@teknokrat.ac.id
CONTACT ME
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3. Morality and the Law
UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK DAN ILMU KOMPUTER
20192019
Morality and the Law
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4. Objectives
Defines and examines personal and public morality, identifying
assumptions and value the law, looking at both conventional and natural
law, and the intertwining of morality and the law. It, together with Chapter
3, gives the reader the philosophical framework needed for the
remainder of the book
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5. Objectives
 Explain that laws and morals are normative.
 Identify the changes in law and morality.
 Discuss the differences between law and morality.
 Assess whether law and morality should be separate.
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6. References
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7. What are morals?
Morals are beliefs and values shared
by a society or section of society –
they tell us what is right and wrong.
Breach of morals results in
disapproval or feelings of guilt. They
are often derived from religion.
What is law?
Law is a set of rules laid down by
Parliament for the State. Every citizen
is bound by the law and breaking the
law allows the State to punish.

8. Open-Ended Questions?
• What are ethics?
• Are ethical decisions important?
• What happens without ethics?
• What is the relation between society – ethics – morals – moral
judgment?

9. WHAT IS “MORAL”?
1. a. Of or relating to human character or behavior considered as good or bad; of or relating to the distinction
between right and wrong, or good and evil, in relation to the actions, desires, or character of responsible human
beings; ethical.
b. Of an action: having the property of being right or wrong, or good or evil; voluntary or deliberate and therefore
open to ethical appraisal. Of a person, etc.: capable of moral action; able to choose between right and wrong, or
good and evil.
c. Of knowledge, an opinion, etc.: relating to the nature and application of the distinction between right and wrong,
or good and evil.
d. Of an idea, speech, etc.: involving ethical praise or blame.
e. Of a feeling: arising from an apprehension or sense of the goodness or badness of an action, character, etc.
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• Oxford English Dictionary

10. Definitions
Ethics – A branch of philosophy concerned with ways of thinking philosophically
about morality, and moral judgment.
Morality – Human conduct and character referring to “those acts which it makes
sense to describe as right or wrong, good or bad.”
Moral Judgment– Judgments based on considerations of how other people are to
be treated, and how others interests are to weigh against their own.

11. Law Ethics and Morality
• Professional boards and organizations have written codes which hold
members to a higher standard than the law imposes- ethics codes
• Violation can lead to revocation of license, suspension of rights to
practice, censure, or penalties
• Organization size, individual anonymity, and specialty labor contribute
to ethical lapses

12. • Law- constitution, statutes, regulations, codes, cases
• Ethics- systems of acceptable behavior adopted by a group or
profession
• Morality- system of acceptable behavior adopted by a particular
person
• People of common morality often join together in forming community
Law Ethics and Morality

13. • Common moralities and values lead to development of culture by
people living in close proximity
• Culture creates a shared ethical system
• Laws evolve from the ethical system when the culture forms a government or other
enforcement system
Law Ethics and Morality

14. Values- judgements about “good and bad” relating to worth of behaviors.
Cultural values can vary.
Moral equivalence is subject of argument
Look for common social goods such as equity, equality, justice, fairness, quality of
living, civil interactions, etc.
Law Ethics and Morality

15. • Objective theories reject moral equivalence- believe there is a right
and a wrong way to live
• Most religious value systems are objective
• Subjective theories state you can’t judge another culture
Law Ethics and Morality

16. • Subjective theories
• Nihilism- no right or wrong, therefore no basis to judge and no standards
• Subjectivism- truth is internalized, only the individual can know what is right
for them
• Relativism- ethics depend on the cultural practices of the people following the
ethical systems
Law Ethics and Morality

17. • Most professional ethics systems are objective
• Professional ethics are usually codified (NSPE code for engineers,
AMA code for medical professionals, CPA code, etc.)
• Applications of ethics are more general and informal (e.g. business
ethics, animal rights)
Law Ethics and Morality

18. • Decision Rules depend on the ethical system being followed-
• Utilitarianism (British)- greatest good for the greatest number
• Deontology (German)- follow the right rule or duty {Kant’s Categorical
Imperative}
• Justice (Rawls, French influence) - choose the action which least harms the
worst-off person affected by the decision
• Teleology (Aristotle and the Greeks)- the right ethical choice depends on the
end you seek
Law Ethics and Morality

19. • Ignorance, greed, need, cost of getting caught, mental state, family
influence, religiosity, social status, education, situation pressure,
manager oversight and gender all influence ethical choices
• Women frequently use and “Ethics of Caring”- Carol Gilligan-
centered more on relationships than outcomes
Law Ethics and Morality

20. • International ethics is very complicated
• Foreign Corrupt Practice Act- illegal to bribe foreign officials, but bribes can be
hard to define
• Extraterritoriality- laws in one country are applied to citizens of another
• Home and Host- companies must obey the laws of the home country and the
laws of the host country- can cause conflicts
• Western ethics value the individual and their role in promoting the “good
society” more than most other cultures
Law Ethics and Morality

21. Informatics and Morality
UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK DAN ILMU KOMPUTER
20192019
Informatics and Morality
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23. Where does morality come from?
• Parents
• Religion
• Peers
• Technology

24. Parents
• Parents instill ethics and morals in children.
Example: A child yells at their friend – calling them a name.
• How does the parent respond?
• Other ways?

25. Religion
• What do Muslims, Hebrews, and other religions use?
• Most religions set guidelines on how to make moral
judgments. Example: In the Christian religion the ten
commandments serve as guidelines for making ethical and
moral judgments.

26. Peers
• Friends effect your moral judgments. Example: A friend or
acquaintance might coax you to use drugs.
• Peer pressure can sometimes cause people to make moral and
ethical decisions.
• Others?

27. Technology
Technology provides many opportunities to make moral and ethical decisions.
Example: Copying computer games and violating copyright laws.
1. Does having a radar detector give you the right to break the law and
speed?
2. Is it ethical to slash and burn the rain forests to feed more people?
3. Should you drive your car to work or school when it is in within walking
distance?

28. Right, Wrong and Grey areas?
• Unclear situations in ethics, many times they are personal and
hotly debated in politics.
• Black and white – Fairly clear – straight forward, most people
feel the same way about: stealing, murder, honesty, charity.
• Others?

29. Grey areas?
• Internet
• Crime
• Gun control
• Abortion
• Separation of Church and state
• Environmental impacts of technology
• Others?

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https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2015/03/19/internet-
seen-as-positive-influence-on-education-but-negative-
influence-on-morality-in-emerging-and-developing-
nations/technology-report-06/

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32. The Influence Technology in Moral
UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK DAN ILMU KOMPUTER
20192019
Informatics and Morality
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34. In this increasingly sophisticated era, many human activities are
replaced by a machine. This shows that the development of human
thought is so capable of creating sophisticated and modern tools.
The higher the human knowledge of science, the higher the
development of technological sophistication that will be created by
humans. Technological sophistication can directly or indirectly
affect moral development.
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Effect of Technology on Moral Development of Youth in
Indonesia

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Someone can behave badly due to inappropriate use of technology. The
effects of technological sophistication can be felt in our daily lives. The
disappearance of norms and values as well as manners that exist in society due
to the influence of technology makes the younger generation no longer heed
the morals that exist in Indonesia.
Effect of Technology on Moral Development of Youth in
Indonesia

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Indonesia’s youth - are both the pioneers and the mainstream for
the adoption of new technologies in Indonesia, especially in the
digital and Internet realms. According to The Asia Foundation,
Indonesia’s youth population is increasingly online and connected via
mobile devices and the web.17 While broadband Internet
penetration in Indonesia reaches just 24 percent, an estimated 84
percent of Indonesians own at least one mobile phone.
Technology and the Internet

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Though smartphone ownership has reached 24 percent of mobile
phone users, the majority of Indonesians are still communicating
through low-end feature phones. This hyper connectivity provides
significant opportunities and challenges for young people in
Indonesia.
Technology and the Internet

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The concept of citizenship - means that young people play an active
role in contributing to their communities. According to the
International Youth Foundation, citizenship programmes can have a
positive impact on young people, those they serve, and the
communities in which they live. Young people need knowledge and
skills to participate as active citizens. Studies have shown that youth
who volunteer are more likely to be actively engaged in their
communities as adults
Citizenship

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Summary
 Morals are beliefs and values shared by a society or section of society – they tell us what is right and
wrong. Breach of morals results in disapproval or feelings of guilt. They are often derived from
religion.
 Law is a set of rules laid down by Parliament for the State. Every citizen is bound by the law and
breaking the law allows the State to punish.
 Morality come from (Parents,Religion,Peers,Technology)
 Internet influence seen as positive in emerging and developing Nations; Morality and Exception
 Morality must keep up with technology because if a person is faced with the choice of being moral and
dead or immoral and alive, they all choose life everytime

40. POSTEST : 2
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please answer the postest provided on the page
https://spada.teknokrat.ac.id/

41. Thank You ...
UNIVERSITAS TEKNOKRAT INDONESIA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK DAN ILMU KOMPUTER
YUSRA FERNANDO, S.KOM., M.KOM
20192019
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