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Brownfields Presentation
- 2. Agenda + Introductions Brownfields Overview Maggie Belanger, Assistant Director and Regional Manager, KSU TAB Kate Lucas, AICP, Planner, Adaapta and KSU TAB Partner U.S. EPA Brownfields Resources Christina Wilson, Brownfields Section Supervisor, EPA Region 8 Brownfields Layering Financial Resources Christina Wilson, Acting Branch Manager, U.S. EPA Region 8 Brownfields Maggie Belanger, Assistant Director and Regional Manager, KSU TAB Community Revitalization and Redevelopment Case Study Mary Hashem, CRE, President, Adaapta Q&A and Wrap Up
- 3. Technical Assistance to Brownfield (TAB) Communities Assist communities and tribes with the brownfields redevelopment process A national program funded by U.S. EPA grant Services provided are FREE and tailored to specific needs Planning, environmental & economic development expertise Webinars, workshop, e-tools (e.g., BiT, TAB EZ) & online resources 3 TAB service providers − Kansas State University assists communities in EPA Regions 5, 6, 7 & 8 − Center for Creative Land Recycling (CCLR) assists in EPA Regions 9 and 10 − New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT) assists in EPA Region 2 − University of Connecticut assists in EPA Region 1 − The West Virginia University Research Corporation assists in EPA Region 3 − The International City/County Management Association assists in EPA Region 4
- 5. Legal Definition of Brownfields “…real property, the expansion, redevelopment, or reuse of which may be complicated by the presence or potential presence of a hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminant.” (Public Law 107-118 (H.R. 2869) - “Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act”, signed into law January 11, 2002). 5
- 6. Brownfields Defined A brownfield project is a redevelopment project that is often impeded by environmental concerns A site with low to moderate levels of contamination that can range in size Typical contaminants include petroleum, asbestos, lead paint, mold, meth lab contaminants, mine- scarred lands, and more
- 7. Brownfield Beginnings: Love Canal
- 8. Brownfields Beginnings: CERCLA and RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) applies to hazardous waste facilities; passed in 1976 Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) applies to abandoned, uncontrolled hazardous waste sites; passed in 1980 Liability is strict, joint and several, and retroactive Globalization of economy (1950s-90s) Raised significant liability issues that deterred cleanup and redevelopment of brownfield sites Followed by Small Business Liability Relief and Brownfields Revitalization Act (Brownfields Law) in 2002 and Better Utilization of Investment Leading to Development (BUILD) Act in 2018.
- 9. Brownfield Beginnings Late 1980s & early 1990s Communities repeatedly expressed need to revitalize contaminated sites in their neighborhoods Most sites didn’t score high enough to rank on EPA’s National Priorities List US Conference of Mayors asked EPA to address the challenge that brownfield sites cause blight and raise public health concerns in communities.
- 10. Brownfield Beginnings 1993/1994 EPA - Pilot Brownfield Assessment Grant Federal Partners Brownfields Action Agenda Public dialogue to gather input 1996 First Competitive Pilot Grants 1997 Funded State Voluntary Cleanup Programs 1998 Workforce Development Grants 1998 – 2000 Brownfields Showcase Communities 2002 Passage of the Brownfields Amendments under CERCLA
- 11. Opportunities in Brownfields • Preserve community character and history • Mitigate blight • Mitigate public health and safety concerns • Promote infill and vacant property reclamation reducing the need to develop “greenfields” • Mechanism to leverage and combine limited resources to a single supported outcome • Liability Protections
- 12. Opportunities in Brownfields Makes financial sense • Free money available for assessment, cleanup, etc. • Using existing infrastructure • Desirable locations that encourage a mix of land uses to provide services that may be lacking • Increase local tax base and facilitate job growth Less uncertainty with redevelopment outcome • Community involvement • Identify phases and funding along the way
- 13. The Brownfields Redevelopment Process Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Phase II Environmental Site Assessment Cleanup , if necessary Identify Brownfields Engage the community Set Redevelopment Goals Stakeholders & Partners Financial Resources Plan Evaluate Environmental Risk Redevelop
- 14. Identify Brownfields Make a list (inventory) of potential sites –Look for red flags (former gas station, dry cleaner, industrial). –Are environmental unknowns a barrier to redevelopment? –Ongoing environmental actions? How can these sites meet your redevelopment goals? KSU TAB Brownfields Inventory Tool
- 15. Community Engagement Engagement with community is a two- way street – to inform and gather input Use input received to help inform redevelopment goals Synergies and partnerships begin to form Ensure engagement continues throughout the project. Community Input Information Sharing
- 16. Identify Stakeholders Local non-profits, community groups, church groups Community Development Corporations Local leadership – mayor, town manager, county commissioner Local planners Regional Planning Commission Economic Development interests Financial Institutions All interested residents Realtors
- 18. Set Redevelopment Goals Define the vision for the site, area, and/or region Involve all stakeholders What are the economic, community, and environmental needs & opportunities to DRIVE redevelopment? Do community plans exist? If so, review for already established goals. If these plans do not exist, work with stakeholders to create them.
- 19. Resources for Reuse Planning
- 20. The Brownfields Redevelopment Process Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Phase II Environmental Site Assessment Cleanup , if necessary Identify Brownfields Engage the community Set Redevelopment Goals Stakeholders & Partners Financial Resources Plan Evaluate Environment al Risk Redevelop
- 21. Evaluate Environmental Risk Perform Phase I, and as necessary Phase II Environmental Site Assessments (ESAs) To identify environmental risks before purchase Evaluate whether environmental risks are worth accepting and addressing in a case where contamination is discovered Understand site conditions to make informed decisions regarding cleanup (if necessary) and appropriate reuse options
- 22. Environmental Due Diligence Liability Protections: Must complete All Appropriate Inquiry (AAI) Properly conducted Phase I environmental site assessment satisfies EPA’s AAI For prospective purchaser, contiguous landowners, and other liability protections & funding Almost always required in private sector before commercial property purchase, and most major improvements and expansions Performed by Qualified Environmental Professional ASTM International Standards Phase I Environmental Assessment (ASTM 1527-21) Phase II ESA (E1903-11)
- 24. The Brownfields Redevelopment Process Phase I Environmental Site Assessment Phase II Environmental Site Assessment Cleanup , if necessary Identify Brownfields Engage the community Set Redevelopment Goals Stakeholders & Partners Financial Resources Plan Evaluate Environment al Risk Redevelop
- 25. Redevelopment Key to success for any redevelopment project is public involvement and having the right players on board Refer back to master plans, community input, and established goals Jobs and services Transportation options Housing, schools, parks Other Incorporate smart growth & livability principles for sustainable communities
- 26. Redevelopment Resources TAB Assistance to Communities −Resource Roadmaps −Feasibility study −Highest & Best Use Market analysis −Facilitate Resource Roundtables State Level Resources EDA
- 27. Thank You Maggie Belanger, KSU TAB Assistant Director, Regional Manager EPA Region 8 PH:785-532-0782(O) 785-230-6825(M) maggiejessie@ksu.edu 27 Kate Lucas, Adaapta & KSU TAB Partner Planner Ph: 303-339-0896 (o) 817-565-2885 (m) kate@adaapta.com
- 28. THE BIPARTISAN INFRASTRUCTURE LAW & BROWNFEILDS REDEVELOPMENT Christina Wilson, Environmental Protection Agency, Region 8
- 29. The largest single investment in US Brownfields infrastructure With the objective of creating 154,000 jobs and stimulating $30 billion in public/private funding THE BIPARTISAN INFRASTRUCTURE LAW Provides $1.5 billion in additional Brownfields funding
- 30. $ 1.2 billion in additional project grants over the next three years (a three-fold increase in grant funding) Increased funding for non-competitive brownfield assessments Increased funding for non-competitive site assessments, site design, and financial planning technical assistance THE BIPARTISAN INFRASTRUCTURE LAW
- 31. GRANTS $1.2 billion in additional Brownfield grants EPA competitive grants solicitations normally begin in October each year. Infrastructure-specific grant solicitations will likely continue for three more years.
- 32. MULTIPURPOSE GRANTS For communities, states, tribes and nonprofits to plan, assess and cleanup sites 5% Cost share Up to $800k/grant REGULAR FUNDING SOLICITATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDED SOLICITATIONS No cost share Up to $850k/grant
- 33. MULTIPURPOSE GRANTS Cañon City received a multipurpose grant in 2022 for assessing and remediating contamination at riverfront industrial properties to create a recreational and tourism amenity
- 34. ASSESSMENT GRANTS For communities, states, tribes and nonprofits to determine extent of contamination and plan revitalization at brownfield sites No cost share Up to $600k/grant for Coalitions & $300k for Community-wide REGULAR FUNDING SOLICITATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDED SOLICITATIONS No cost share Up to $1M for Coalitions & $500k for Community-wide Up to $2M/grant for states and tribes
- 35. ASSESSMENT GRANTS The East Billings Urban Revitalization District Big Sky Economic Development Authority characterized contamination at 21 sites in the East Billings Urban Revitalization District. This led to several property transactions and redevelopments and created a cycle of growth and infill supported by a Tax Increment Financing district.
- 36. CLEANUP GRANTS For communities, states, tribes and nonprofits to clean up contamination at brownfield sites 20% cost share* Up to $650k/grant REGULAR FUNDING SOLICITATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDED SOLICITATIONS No cost share Applicants may request $500k, $1M, or $2M * Unless a hardship waiver is approved
- 37. CLEANUP GRANTS The Fort Peck Tribes used a cleanup grant to remediate petroleum contamination at the former Poplar Airport and facilitate the redevelopment of a sustainable home community and the Fort Peck Wellness Center.
- 38. REVOLVING LOAN FUND GRANTS For communities, states, tribes, and nonprofits to provide loans and subgrants for the cleanup of contamination and revitalization of brownfield sites 20% cost share Up to $1M/grant REGULAR FUNDING SOLICITATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDED SOLICITATIONS No cost share Up to $1M/grant for new grantees & $4M in supplemental grants
- 39. REVOLVING LOAN FUND GRANTS Snowy Mountain Development Corporation has utilized $3.8M in RLF grants to complete cleanups spurring over $30M in public/private investment to-date in Central Montana Environmental remediation at the Crowley Building is completed at the new home of the Bighorn Valley Health Center and 16 affordable housing units in Lewistown, Montana.
- 40. JOB TRAINING GRANTS For communities, states, tribes, and nonprofits to develop a job training program that supports revitalization at brownfield sites No cost share Up to $200k/grant REGULAR FUNDING SOLICITATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE FUNDED SOLICITATIONS No cost share Up to $1M/grant
- 41. JOB TRAINING GRANTS Lewis and Clark County, Montana used a Job Training grant to train 48 participants of which 7 were veterans. Training included OSHA hazardous waste and industry certifications, lead and asbestos abatement and supervision, confined space entry, and commercial drivers licenses. 38 participants obtained employment in asbestos and lead abatement, excavation, structure demolition, insulation installation, and Superfund remediation.
- 42. TARGETED BROWNFIELD ASSESSMENTS (TBAs) EPA provides environmental assessments and cleanup planning free of charge to communities and non-profits Services include Phase 1/Phase 2 site assessment and cleanup planning Applications accepted year-round with easy online form. Significant increased TBA funding available A great way for new communities to get involved in brownfields
- 43. TARGETED BROWNFIELD ASSESSMENTS (TBAs) A TBA was used to assess contamination, remove underground storage tanks, and leverage funding for a Petrofund cleanup in Big Timber, Montana to create a new brewery and conference center.
- 44. LAND REVITALIZATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Direct technical assistance from EPA for existing brownfield projects Assistance includes community visioning and engagement, site design, market studies, and project financial planning Applications accepted year-round with assistance from EPA project managers Significant increased funding for land revitalization technical assistance
- 45. LAND REVITALIZATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE Direct technical assistance from EPA for existing brownfield projects SITE VISIONING FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE Finance Models Developer Attraction Strategies Area-wide Investment Plans Funding charettes Proformas Budget and constraints analyses Site design Marketing material creation Design meetings and charettes Meeting/workshop facilitation Logistical support
- 46. LAND REVITALIZATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE A design was created for a 2.8-acre site in Billings, Montana with new hotel specifications and opportunities for integration into neighborhood transportation and development plans. Vacant brownfield site Hotel specifications & rendering District-wide integration
- 47. LAND REVITALIZATION TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE A market study defined potential uses for a former roundhouse. Building and site-wide designs were created and were incorporated into a report identifying state, federal, and private financial resources for redevelopment.
- 48. Identify complex Brownfield sites which may need larger grants offered through grants funded with infrastructure bill funds Apply for grant funding and utilize EPA staff to help you navigate that process Utilize contract planning and direct technical assistance for property assessments and to bring new partners into the Brownfields program Reach out to EPA to discuss opportunities THE BIPARTISAN INFRASTRUCTURE LAW Actions to take advantage of these historic resource investments
- 49. Assurance provided by EPA Brownfield grants procure a $4.9 million grant from the Health Resources and Services Administration of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The Montana Community Development Corporation assisted with finding a bank that invested in the health center construction costs in exchange for New Market Tax Credits.
- 50. Bullhook Community Health Center – Havre, Montana
- 51. Today, the Circle T Taproom is a popular local gathering place, and the renovation provides a second-floor meeting room to support community business ventures.
- 52. Circle T Tap Room – Big Timber, MT
- 53. When they needed more space, this nonprofit community center combined EPA Brownfields grants with Community Development Block Grants, grants from the Big Sky Economic Development Program and Big Sky Trust Funds to remodel and expand.
- 54. Malta Opportunities Inc., Malta, MT
- 55. Christina Wilson, EPA Region 8 Wilson.Christina@epa.gov 303-312-6706 https://www.epa.gov/brownfields/r8
- 57. Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians: Aging Homes 2017 EPA Brownfields Targeted Brownfields Assessment (TBA) Program •FREE Assessments 2018–2020 Tribe utilized successfully competed for cleanup grant dollars to abate 17 of the 21 structures •$1.2 million 2019 Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) partnered with the Tribe’s Housing Authority and EPA to utilize a CARES Act grant for demolition & redevelopment of new homes. •$3 million 2020 8 new prefabricated home were installed
- 58. Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians: Aging Homes 2017 EPA Brownfields Targeted Brownfields Assessment (TBA) Program •FREE Assessments 2018–2020 Tribe utilized successfully competed for cleanup grant dollars to abate 17 of the 21 structures •$1.2 million 2019 Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) partnered with the Tribe’s Housing Authority and EPA to utilize a CARES Act grant for demolition & redevelopment of new homes. •$3 million 2020 8 new prefabricated home were installed Leveraged Dollars >$4.4 million
- 59. “We are excited about the incredible transformation of L’BelCour from an unsafe complex of homes to a clean property with eight new homes and hopefully more on the way.” – Ray Reed, Turtle Mountain Brownfields Coordinator
- 61. Layering Resources EPA Region 8 Successes Eyesores to Assets https://epa.maps.arcgis.com/apps/Cascade/index.html?appid=bb7141ddaf9a4ca8 8ba5652045647a4b Montana Strong https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/c40474d12452424d82d26ec63a3cc326
- 62. We Want to Hear Your Feedback 1. Click this link https://memphis.co1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_42vIuyAX9yjpDbo 2. Click the link provided in the chat box 1. Scan this QR image from your smartphone Please provide feedback on today’s event:
- 63. A KSU TAB Partner Asarco Globe Smelter Case Study
- 64. A KSU TAB Partner Location
- 65. A KSU TAB Partner Globe Plant Circa 1899
- 66. A KSU TAB Partner Globe Plant Circa 1988
- 67. A KSU TAB Partner Globe Plant 2006 Denver County Adams County
- 68. A KSU TAB Partner Asarco Globe Smelter
- 69. A KSU TAB Partner Asarco Globe Smelter
- 70. 2011-12 Abatement & Demolition
- 73. After Demolition
- 75. Financing Overview FUNDING SOURCES Entity Role Funding ASARCO Multi-State Custodial Trust Dispose of ASARCO Assets / Property Owner $14.5 million CDPHE + ASARCO National Trust Grants $500,000 Globeville I, LLC Developer / Equity $2.25 million HUD Section 108 (Adams County) Debt $10.0 million HUD CDBG (Denver) Grant $750,000 Total Project $28 million PROJECT USES Use Amount Abatement, Demolition, & Remediation $16.9 million Over lot Grading, Onsite & Offsite Infrastructure $10.0 million Planning, Approvals, Fees, Overhead, & Other Soft Costs $1.1 million Total Project $28 million PROJECT REVENUES: • Land Sales • Metro Districts • TIF
- 76. A KSU TAB Partner 2018 Urban Renewal Law Amendment Colorado Governor Bill Ritter Signing SB 08-158
- 77. A KSU TAB Partner Asarco Globe Smelter (2023) Denver County Adams County
- 78. A KSU TAB Partner Asarco Globe Smelter Today
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Identifying a site as a brownfields allows access to funding and resource opportunities for sites that are hindering redevelopment. Perhaps is just a perception of contamination that can be removed following an environmental assessment. In the event contamination is identified, you will hear about several resources this afternoon to help address the contamination and develop an adaptative reuse strategy for these properties.
- Brownfields are redevelopment or community revitalization projects that are impeded by environmental concerns. Brownfields properties take on many different shapes and sizes consisting vacant buildings along downtown corridors, abandoned schools or hospitals containing, lead-based paint, mold, dumping areas, old dry cleaner or former service station sites that may contain haz sub or petroleum or abandoned railroad tracks and depots, abandoned mining lands. If contamination is found, the levels are typically low to moderate. Where to go come from here.
- Provided seed money for pilot project, clarify liability issues, encourage partnerships and outreach Over 500 pa The passage of the federal brownfields law in 2002 which provides liability relief for prospective purchasers of these potentially contaminated underutilized, idled, and/or abandoned properties (aka brownfields)rticipants in 5 cities
- Brownfields are redevelopment or community revitalization projects that are impeded by environmental concerns. Brownfields properties take on many different shapes and sizes consisting vacant buildings along downtown corridors, abandoned schools or hospitals containing, lead-based paint, mold, dumping areas, old dry cleaner or former service station sites that may contain haz sub or petroleum or abandoned railroad tracks and depots, abandoned mining lands. If contamination is found, the levels are typically low to moderate. Where to go come from here.
- Why do brownfields exist. The passage of CERCLA/Superfund law in the 80’s provided strict, joint and several liability – meaning anyone in the chain of title of a property could be help responsible for cleanup of that property if contamination was found. Thus, it created this buyer beware mentality whether contamination is actually present or not. The fear of the unknown or being stuck with a significant cleanup up bill resulted in many prospective purchasers, developers and sometimes even local governments walking away from what could otherwise be a great site for redevelopment.
- Provided seed money for pilot project, clarify liability issues, encourage partnerships and outreach Over 500 pa The passage of the federal brownfields law in 2002 which provides liability relief for prospective purchasers of these potentially contaminated underutilized, idled, and/or abandoned properties (aka brownfields)rticipants in 5 cities
- Brownfields are remnants of a community’s past, thus, some benefits to brownfields redevelopment include mitigating blight while preserving your community’s character and history. It also helps by identifying and addressing public health and safety concerns that may be present. Another benefit is the brownfields process affords liability protections for local governments and prospective purchasers looking to revitalize a property. By completing your due diligence of a brownfields site (i.e. environmental assessments) you become eligible for money that can assist in reaching your redevelopment goals.
- In addition, many brownfields sites are located in desirable locations…and afford the opportunity to use existing infrastructure vs building new, and as you’ll hear later the brownfields redevelopment process is a mechanism to leverage and combine resources to meet common goals. Anytime you are able bring a property back to life that may either provide necessary housing or generate income and increase jobs, that’s a positive for a community.
- You’ll hear us talk a lot about the brownfields redevelopment process, but what is that. I like to breakdown the redevelopment process into three categories with several steps along the way. That’s what it really is, whether large or small, brownfields redevelopment is about taking steps to make improvements in your community.
- If you are starting out building a brownfields program, One of the first steps in the planning process is identifying those sites in your community that have the potential for reuse redevelopment. You can then begin to prioritize that list by considering red flags and the real reason for why a site it not being utilized to its full potential. It is also important to consider where a sites is located and whether or not its redevelopment aligns with and supports community goals. Whether just getting started, have an established inventory, and need a way to keep track of your inventory and site-specific information. KSUT TAB has a tool to assist.
- One of the most important steps in the redevelopment/revitalization process is to engage the community. Community engagement is a two-way street which allows for the sharing of information, as well as gathering input. It’s a way to bring a community together and talk amongst themselves to see where synergies align. Its also a good way to develop those much needed partnerships and connect with funding sources you may not have known existed. Open public involvement may sometimes be complicated or scary but TAB is here to help.
- As part of engaging the community, you want to identify key stakeholders in your community and facilitate communication. Stakeholders often represent various groups within the community at large. They can bring the needs and wants of the community to the table as well as share information back to those groups they represent. Understanding stakeholder needs and having their support for redevelopment efforts will go a long way to being successful in planning and implementation.
- When it’s time to engage the community at large, what does that look like? Community engagement activities can take on many forms; meeting, open forums, reuse visioning exercises, online questionnaires, etc. I’ll touch on this later but KSU TAB can help facilitate engagement in your community and gather input. You can use the information gathered from the community and stakeholders to shape a vision establish your redevelopment and revitalization goals.
- Perhaps your community has an existing plan. That’s great. How old is the plan? Does it need revision? Does your vision of a site align with those goals and current community input? Community plans should be somewhat fluid. Some goals may change overtime due to demographics and needs. The most successful and resilient communities – small or large, are flexible and account for changing times.
- When considering brownfields properties for reuse, it’s extremely important to investigate/evaluate/assess the site for contamination. Site investigation of brownfields properties can also include asbestos and lead based paint surveys. Completing environmental assessments provides you with data to evaluate what actions may or may not need to be taken to prepare a site for redevelopment. It helps to identify…. Cleanup standards for a housing project will look much different than a parking lot, playground in a park or a coffee shop.
- Final steps in brownfields process is redevelopment. For successful redevelopment projects you need to gather the necessary resources and partners. Municipalities may be eligible for funds that private entities are not and can use these resources to pave the way for a developer to come in and redevelopment a site. It’s about building partnerships and relationships for the common goal of building and maintaining vibrant communities where people want to live work and play. This is where you may have heard P3, public-private-partnerships. I like to add in a 4th P, patience. Be patient with whatever revitalization project you are working to achieve– it takes time but with a realistic timeline and expectations it will be a success!
- The Turtle Mountain Reservation is located near the Canadian border in north central North Dakota. Built in the 1960’s under the 1937 Housing Act, the L’BelCour residential complex contained 21 structures with over 70 apartments. This complex was once a thriving housing community but became a hazard for its residents. By 2017, many of the units were still occupied, despite substantial contamination, fire damage, and poor structural integrity. CARES – Coronavirus Aid Relief and Economic Security These new homes provide proper heating for the cold North Dakota winters, while eliminating any health concerns that previously existed. Today, the Turtle Mountain Housing Authority is working with HUD for additional funding to complete the redevelopment.
- The Turtle Mountain Reservation is located near the Canadian border in north central North Dakota. Built in the 1960’s under the 1937 Housing Act, the L’BelCour residential complex contained 21 structures with over 70 apartments. This complex was once a thriving housing community but became a hazard for its residents. By 2017, many of the units were still occupied, despite substantial contamination, fire damage, and poor structural integrity. CARES – Coronavirus Aid Relief and Economic Security These new homes provide proper heating for the cold North Dakota winters, while eliminating any health concerns that previously existed. Today, the Turtle Mountain Housing Authority is working with HUD for additional funding to complete the redevelopment.