Beer has a long history dating back 6,000 years to the Middle Ages. It is made from water, yeast, hops and malted grains through a brewing process involving mixing, fermenting, and bottling. Germany established early beer purity laws in 1516, while later industrialization improved production. Today, beer remains very popular globally and festivals like Oktoberfest celebrate its cultural significance, though overconsumption can carry health risks and should be enjoyed responsibly.