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When I reached Delhi, I went straight from the airport to the Viceroy's house where
Lord Ismay was working. I was told that Lord Ismay was closeted with Sir Cyril
Radcliffe. I decided to wait until he was free. When, after about an hour, I saw him, I
conveyed to him the Quaid-e-Azam's message. In reply Ismay professed complete
ignorance of Radcliffe's ideas about the boundry and stated categorically that neither
Mountbatten nor he himself had ever discussed the question with him. It was entirely for
Radcliffe to decide and no suggestion of any kind had been or would ever be made to
him. When I plied Ismay with details of what had been reported to us, he said he could
not follow me. There was a map hanging in the room and I beckoned him to the map so
that I could explain the position to him with its help. There was a pencil line drawn
across the map of the Punjab. The line followed the boundary that had been reported to
the Quaid-e-Azam. I said that it was unneccessary for me to explain further since the
line, already drawn on the map, indicated the boundary I had been talking about. Ismay
turned pale and asked in confusion who has been fooling with his map. This line differed
from the final boundary in only one respect that the Muslim majoraty Tehseels of
Ferozupr and Zera in the Ferozpur district were still on the side of Pakistan
as in the sketch-map.

(Ch. Muhammad Ali, Emergence of Pakistan; Published by Research Society of Pakistan ; Page 218)
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~˜D From Jinah to Zia =¡aZKÂ[
Another occasion for us to resign arose when after an interview with Sir Cyril at
Simla Mr. Justice Din Muhammad came out with the impression that practically the
whole of Gurdaspur with a link to Kashmir was going to India, but we were again
asked to proceed with our work. (From Jinah to Zia;2nd Edition, Page 12)
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One of the moot points was Gurdaspur, a Muslim majority district and it became
predominantly Muslim area if Pathankot was adjoined to the adjacent Hindu areas to
the east. But Pathankot being not exclusively Hindu, the adhopur Headworks, which
would mostly irrigate Muslim majority areas, with the area to the west of it, should be
awarded to Pakistan, But the argument had no effect on him and he gave both
Gurdapur and Batala, which had a Muslim majority, to India. Ajnala Tehsil in Ameritsar
also, which was Muslim area (59.04) he refused to join with the district of Lahore and
gave it to India. (From Jinah to Zia; 2nd Edition, Page 13)
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There is conclusive proof, oral as well as documentary, that the award was altered in
respect of the Ferozepure Tehsils and the areas that lie between the angle of the
Beas and the Satluj. (From Jinah to Zia; 2nd Edition, Page

14)
F,À:Õ÷÷Zk!*]Æi!*ãZzg’k,~îg6,¬o]ñŠ9zi7gÅ^ZzgXZzgÒkÆŠgxã
´¸VÆ!*g}~Z-Zge~gŠz$+wHŠHDóó
‡Z+ZWZ,çCV~¹ZôoÐ»xfe¸pŠZrVäÛâc*:X
The division of India has now been finally and irrevocably effected. No doubts, we feel
the carving out of this great independent sovereign Muslim state has suffered injustices.
We have been squeezed in as uch as it was possible in the latest blow that we have
received was the Award of the boundary commmission. It is an unjust,
incomprehensible and even perverse Award. It may be wrong unjust and perverse and it
may not be a judicial but political Award, but we had agreed to abide by it and it is
binding upon us. As honorable people, wemust abide by it.
(SpeechesandStatementsofQuaid-e-AzamMuhammadAliJinah(Lahore:Research Society of
P a k i s t a n ; 1 9 7 6 ) P a g e ; 432)
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ÆÑzq~7ÂÆˆÑpZ−+ciZŠ{»Zq-*ygi+?Z-Zge ThePartitionofPunjab
» Days to Remember Æ!*g{~áïHŠHìXZk*y~ÑpZ−+ciZŠ{=¡aÆ*y
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It was a Muslim majority area and , therefore if a district was to be taken as a unit ,
the whole of it had to go to Pakistan. But if .....the district had to be partitioned , the
Pathankot Tehsil could... be separated from it and joined with the contiguous
non-Muslim area. Shakargarh was not only a Muslim majority area but also a physical
entity, with the Ravi as its eastern boundary,and could not conceivably be split up .
(27e)
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Further, there is intrinsic evidence in the award itself to show that this part of the award
was not the result of an honest endevour to arrive at a just decision. I have already said
that Sir Cyril gave no reasons for the award but for these two Tehsil's remaining in India
he did give a reason and that reason is nothing but convincing. The reason is as
follwos: I have hesitated long over those not inconsiderable areas east of the Satluj river
and in the angle of the Beas and Satluj River in which Muslim majorities are found but
on the whole I have come to the conclusion that it would be in the interest of neither
state to extend the territories of the west Punjab to a strip on the far side of the Satluj
and that there are factors such as the disruption of railway communication and water
systems that ought in this instance to displace the priary claims of contiguous
majorities. But I must call attention to the fact that the Depalpur canal, which serves
areas in the west Punjab, takes off from the Ferozpure headworks and I find it difficult to
envisage a satisfactory demarcation of boundary at this point that is not accompanied
by some arrangement for joint control of the intake of
thedifferent canals dependent on these headworks."
(Notes on the Radcliffe Award by S Sharif-ud-Din Pirzada; The Partition of The Punjab, Vol I; -- National
Documentation Center, 1983, Page xxxvi)
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But in Gurdaspur "other factors" came into consideration as they had in Ferozpur,
and irrigation was one of them.Thus the argument form the irrigation standpoint would
appear to have reinforced that from the population standpoint: if the principal of
"contiguous majority" applied to districts as a whole, then it would have been quite
logical and quite consistent to award Ferozpure, Amritsur, and Jullundur to India and
Gurdaspur to Pakistan; if irrigation considerations were to take precedence, why not
give Madhopur headworks to Pakistan, since the area served was mainly in the Lahore
District, since Pakistan could not supply Lahore without supplying Amritsur on the way,
and since - if Pakistan were to interfere with the supplies on two southern branches-
India could retaliate by cutting of supplies from Ferozpure headworks to the Depalpur
Canal?... Yet straight forward logic of irrigation consideration in Gurdaspur was
apparently vitiated by still further "other factors" Gurdaspur included the only road
linking the Eastern Punjab, and hence India, with Jammu and Kashmir, and the only
bridge (on the Madhopur Barrage) over the Ravi above Lahore. The railways from
Amritsur and Jullundur met at Pathankot, with a branch to Madhopur, although there

was no rail connection across the river here (one was under construction in1965).
HadRadcliffe awarded Gurdaspur to Pakistan, there would have been no land
commmunication between India
and Jammu-Kashmir
(Notes on the Radcliffe Award by S Sharif-ud-Din Pirzada; The Partition of The Punjab, Vol I; -- National
DocumentationCenter,1983,Page xxxix)
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''at his press confrence of June 4 1947 Mount Batten was asked why he had, in the
broad cast of previous evening on the June 3 Partition Plan, catagorcally stated that,"
the ultimate boundries will be settled by a boundary commission and will almost
certainly not be identical with those which have been provisionally adopted." Mount
Batten immidiately replied," I put that in for the simple reason that in the district of
Gurdaspur in the Punjab the population is 50.4 % Muslim, I think and 49.6 % non
muslims. With a differance of 0.8 % You will see at once that it is unlikely that the
boundary commission will throw the whole of the district into the Muslim
majority areas."
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"For the Punjab:The boundary commission is instructed to demarcate the boundaries of
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of Muslims and Non-muslims. In doing so it will also
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