Sustainable storm water management Presentation Slides

1. B U I L D I N G S E R V I C E S I
GROUP MEMBER :
DARREN TAN QUAN WEN
LOH MUN TONG
LEONG LI JING
LEW QUO MING
YEE JYH LIN
TAM ZHAO WEI
SUSTAINABLE
STORMWATER
MANAGEMANT

2. INTRODUCTION
• Storm water are usually water from snow/ice
or from nearby stream, river or runoff
surface
• Natural sentiment such as forest, the soil
absorbs much of the stormwater. In developed
place such as cities, unmanaged stormwater
can create 2 types of problem. First problem
would be flooding and water pollution.
• Water pollution, is due to the impervious
surface such as parking lots; road and
building that the stormwater are unable to be
absorbed by the ground. Therefore,
generating more runoff than natural
sentiment. Flooding is due the objects that
are collected during rain. It will all be
transported to a drain causing it to block it.
• To combat stormwater, a storm drain is
installed throughout the cities. It is designed to
drain excessive rain from impervious
surfaces.

3. SUSTAINABLE STORMWATER MANAGEMANT
SYSTEM
• Rainwater is absorbed and soaked into the ground and then it evaporates
from the surface, taken up by plants, or finding its way slowly into rivers or
streams. Any development will affect and make an impact to this
environment and change the natural water cycle.

4. GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE & GRAY
INFRASTRUCTURE
Green infrastructure functioned as water management that protects, restores, or mimics the
natural water cycle. Gray infrastructure is man-made designed to move urban storm-water
away from the built environment. Both infrastructure are involved in stormwater
management system.

5. GREEN ROOF
Green roofs are a multi-layered system with living plants growing on roof top.The most
typical built up includes roof deck, waterproofing layer, protection layers, drainage layer, filter
sheet, growing substrate and vegetation. Green roofs enable rainfall infiltration and
evapotranspiration of stored water. The vegetation and soil absorb and filter the water.

6. ADVANTAGES
Provide a barrier of
greenery that helps
to protect the
waterproof
membrane
underneath and thus
increase the
lifespan of the roof
DISADVANTAGE
S
An increase in
weight load (require
more structural
support to be
implemented)
MAINTENANCE
• Litter removal may
be required
• Inspection and
replacement of
plants will be
required on a
regular basis

7. Pervious surfaces can be either porous or permeable. Porous surfacing is a surface that
infiltrates water across the entire surface while permeable surfaces designed to allow
storm-water runoff to filter through surface voids into an underlying stone reservoir for
temporary storage or infiltration.
PERVIOUS SURFACE

8. ADVANTAGES
Reduced need for
deep excavations for
drainage, which can
have significant cost
benefits
DISADVANTAGE
S
Risk of long-term
clogging and weed
growth if poorly
maintained
MAINTENANCE
• Periodic
vacuuming
• Repair and patch
surfaces with
similar pervious
materials

9. • Shallow, broad and vegetated channels
• Allow storm water to slow down and go through the process of sedimentation,
filtration, evapotranspiration and partially infiltration
• Located along the roadway
• Drain away through the soil within several hours or days
• Check dams and berms - promote settling and infiltration.
GRASSED SWALES

10. Wet Swales at Sue Donaldson
Dry Swales at Delaware Department of
Transportation
There are two types of swales:
WET SWALES
treat storm water through physical and
biological action
DRY SWALES
treat storm water through infiltration

11. WET SWALES DRY SWALES

12. ADVANTAGES
Pollution and
blockages are visible
and easy to remove
DISADVANTAGE
S
Limit the
opportunities to use
trees for landscaping
MAINTENANCE
• Removal of trash
and debris regularly
• Grass cutting and
removal of cuttings
• Clearing of inlets,
culverts and outlets
to avoid clogging

13. - contains plants that can survive in soil soaked with water
- collect and slow the storm-water runoff
- increase the infiltration into the soil
- practice mimics natural hydrology by the process of infiltrating, evaporating and
transpiring
- commonly found on private properties
How it works?
1. Water settle on the garden surface then soak through the plants and filter media
2. Sediments are trapped on the surface of the garden
3. Soil and plant roots work together to filter the water naturally
RAIN GARDENS

14. Greenest Street in America,
Chicago

15. ADVANTAGES
Can be designed to
work in most
soil types
DISADVANTAGE
S
Not suitable for areas
with steep slopes.
MAINTENANCE
• Vegetation
management
• Removal of trash
and debris
regularly
• Inlet and outlet
cleaning

16. - Similar with rain gardens
- Specially designed and engineered to manage and treat stormwater runoff
- Shallow landscape depressions which included soil mixes and control structures such as
• under drains to aid the control of flow
• catch basins to filter sediment
• check dams to slow the water flow
- Commonly found on commercial properties or any public areas
BIORETENTION AREAS

17. Baltusrol Crescent, Melbourne

18. ADVANTAGES
Provide wildlife
habitats
DISADVANTAGE
S
Require extra
maintenance
MAINTENANCE
• Regular inspection
• Removal of trash
and debris
regularly
• Replacement of
mulch layer
• Vegetation
management

19. DETENTION AND RETENTION PONDS
DETENTION BASINS (DRY POND)
• Open and flat areas of grass
• Normally dry during low flow
periods
• Allow filtration and
sedimentation process to take
place
• Provide temporary storage
• Works by allowing a large basin
area for water and the water
slowly drains out through the
outlet at the bottom as
designed
RETENTION PONDS (WET POND)
• Open areas of shallow water
• Accommodate water and provide
temporary storage for excess
water
• Improve the quality of water
through settling, often employed
as flood control devices
• Water level rises temporarily and
retain a permanent pool of water
• Allows large amounts of water to
enter the pond and allows small
amounts of water drains out
through the outlet
Detention Pond
Retention Pond

21. ADVANTAGES
Surrounding areas
have vegetative
buffer that can
withstand dry or wet
conditions.
DISADVANTAGE
S
Breeding grounds for
mosquitoes and
other diseases
MAINTENANCE
• Removal of trash
and debris
regularly
• Inlet and outlet
cleaning
• Vegetation
management
DETENTION POND

22. ADVANTAGES
Provide wildlife
habitats
DISADVANTAGE
S
Negative water
quality impacts if
not properly designed
MAINTENANCE
• Removal of trash
and debris
regularly
• Inlet and outlet
cleaning
• Vegetation
management
RETENTION POND

23. • Consists of shallow ponds and marshy areas, covered almost entirely in aquatic
vegetation
WETLANDS
Treated by the
process of
Sedimentation
Filtration
Digestion
Oxidation
Reduction
Absorption
Precipitation

24. There are two types of wetlands:
NATURAL WETLANDS
filter the contaminated water running into
the stream, river or ocean
CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS
filter the water flow from inlet pipe and gravel
through wetland plants and flow out from outlet
pipe and gravel for further treatment.
Natural Wetlands at Ramsey-Washington
Metro Watershed District
Constructed Wetlands from Gold Coast City
Council

25. NATURAL WETLANDS CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS

26. ADVANTAGES
Can tolerate both
great and small
volumes of water
DISADVANTAGE
S
Unable to treat highly
toxic modern
wastewater
MAINTENANCE
• Removal of trash
and debris
regularly
• Inlet and outlet
cleaning
• Vegetation
management to
retain high
vegetation
coverage

27. RILLS AND
CHANNELS
• Allow to collect water, slow down
and provide storage for slit and oil.
• Outlets are designed as a mini oil
separator, so it is very effective at
treating pollution.
• Allow water flows along with the
variety of cross sections rills and
channels

28. ADVANTAGES
Very effective in
water & pollution
treatment
DISADVANTAGE
S
Need to give careful
consideration to
crossings
MAINTENANCE
• Removal of trash
and debris
regularly
• Routine
maintenance
• Intensive
maintenance
required one every
five years

29. • Underground storage tank system is
a storage tank with underground
piping connected
• Carry storm water from detention or
retention ponds.
• The system consists of storage
structures, inlet and outlet pipes
• Addition features at the inlet pipes
helps to improve the water quality
by removing floatable, oils and
grease, and sediments.
• Cooperate with other storm water
system to achieve the best result.
UNDERGROUND
STORAGE

30. ADVANTAGES
Protected damage
from animals and
natural disasters
DISADVANTAGE
S
Relatively expensive
due to their
specialised
construction
MAINTENANCE
• Inspection and
prevention of
leakage and spills
• Clean up by soil
and groundwater
investigation and
remediation
• Corrosion
protection for tanks
and piping

31. • Consists of internal components which
are permanent pool for sedimentation
• Inlet and outlet pipes which able to create
flow patterns and flow conditions that
aids in sediments removal.
• An underground storage structure smaller
than underground storage tank system.
HYDRODYNAMIC
SEPARATORS

32. ADVANTAGES
Space saving since it
is installed
underground
DISADVANTAGE
S
Only can remove
limited amounts of
pollutants
MAINTENANCE
• Cleaning and
disposal of
sediments and oils
• Removal of trash
and debris
regularly
• Inspection and
prevention of
leakage or spills

33. STORMWATER
MANAGEMENT
ADVANTAGES
CHEMICAL
HOME PROTECTION
ROAD SAFETY
TECHNOLOGY

34. MAINTENANCE
STORMWATER
MANAGEMENT
DISADVANTAGES
DAMAGE ROOT
SYSTEM

35. CASE STUDY
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
DULUTH

37. The University of Minnesota Duluth discharges storm-water to
several waters, including Lake Superior and two trout streams.
Lake
Superior
Trout Stream

38. WATERSHED
The main portion of UMD campus is in three
watersheds.

39. University of Minnesota Duluth have more than 60 preventative storm
water features in place to treat the runoff to varying degrees before it
discharges to streams.

40. WET PONDS
Eric Clarke Pond
Fire Hall Pond
Rock Pond
Swenson Science Research Pond

41. FILTRATION
PONDS
Lot L-3 Filtration Basins
Ianni Hall Volleyball Court

42. Glensheen
Plan
SWALE
Glensheen Parking
Lot

43. Modifying soil surface by adding geo-grids, mesh, sand or
rock to stabilize surface to prevent ponding.
The gravel road surface of Rock Hill Road is replaced with
geoweb mesh, and crushed rock or topsoil mixture to
stabilize surface and prevent rutting.
MODIFIED SOILS

44. RAIN GARDEN/
BIO-RETENTION
PONDS
The Lot B UMD Rain Garden was built to help
protect Oregon Creek by slowing, cooling and
filtering the runoff water from the adjacent
parking lot.
It was designed and engineered as a bioretention
pond and is composed of plantings, a drain tile
system, and a water level control system.
Lot B UMD Rain Garden

45. The Rain Garden in University Minnesota Duluth is one third acre in size. It
handles stormwater from 2.5 acres of Parking Lot B and can hold as much as
60,000 US gallons of water.

46. HYDRODYNAMI
C
SEPARATORS
The UMD campus has installed hydrodynamic
separator in LOT G, Sports Health Centre,
Chester Park and Swenson Civil Engineering
Centre to separate oils and solids from moving
stormwater by gravity.

47. The parking lot was refurbished in 2004 to
include an underground “vault” consisting of
large diameter pipes to temporarily store
stormwater parking lot runoff.
Lot G, behind UMD Library
UNDERGROUND
TANK

48. For the past five years, University of Minnesota
Duluth campus have had installed a few
pervious pavement including concrete pavers,
recycled rubber pavers and pervious surface.
PERVIOUS
SURFACES

49. The lower tier is a green roof
that helps to insulate the
building as well as curb
storm water runoff.
A view of the partial green
roof from top of a stairwell in
Civil Engineering.
Bagley Outdoor Classroo
GREEN ROOF

50. A majority of these plantings are in areas that
would hold sod, a high maintenance method of
landscaping.
Low maintenance alternative plantings help to
diversify the appearance of the campus as well
as reduce carbon footprint.
ALTERNATIVE
PLANTINGS

51. Objective : To reduce the quantity and to
improve the quality of storm water runoff.
SWPPP requires SIX minimum control
measures :
1. Public Education and Outreach
2. Public Involvement and Participation
3. Illicit Discharge Detection and
Elimination
4. Construction Storm Water Runoff
Control
5. Post Construction Storm Water
6. Pollution Prevention and Good
STORM WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION
PROGRAM

52. • Provide educational storm water resources for
its campus and greater community
• Protect and enhance the region’s shared
water resources through storm water pollution
prevention
• UMD Educational materials :
1. Illicit Discharge Poster (2015)
2. Illicit Discharge Quiz Slideshow (2013)
1. PUBLIC EDUCATION AND OUTREACH

53. 2. PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT AND PARTICIPATION
• UMD welcomes involvement from the public including the employees,
students, and contractors that make up the campus community.
• Strongly encourage the involvement in creation, implementation and
evaluation.
IDEAS :
- Include storm-water information to be taught in classes
- Welcome the assistance in reviewing their best management practices
- Assistance in hands-on clean ups / special projects

54. 3. ILLICIT DISCHARGE DETECTION AND
ELIMINATION
Illicit discharge is any discharge to the municipal separate storm server
system (MS4) that is not composed entirely of storm water.
STEPS TAKEN BY UMD TO DETECT AND ELIMINATE ILLICIT
DISCHARGES :
• UMD has developed and continue to maintain storm sewer system
maps.
• Physical observations (odour, colour and condition) during stormwater
outlet inspections.
• Programs like the UMD Spill Prevention Control and Countermeasures
Plan can identify potential illicit discharges.
• Building-by-building document allows the determination of potential
interconnections for the buildings.

55. 4. CONSTRUCTION SITE RUNOFF CONTROL
Sediment runoff rates from construction sites are typically 10-20 times
greater than those of agricultural lands, and 1000-2000 times greater
than those of forest lands. Hence, in time it may cause serious impact to
water bodies.
Cause: contractor flushes
newly installed hydrant
near an unprotected catch
Effect: Sediment plumb in
a nearby trout stream is
polluted.

56. Hence, UMD construction projects are required to have provisional and
sediment control measures incorporated in the design.
The construction documents must identify relevant details as well as
contractor execution and inspection responsibilities.

57. 5. POST CONSTRUCTION STORM WATER
Post construction storm water has brought significant impact to water
bodies.
Prior planning and design can minimise pollutants and it’s the most cost-
effective approach to storm water quality management.
Examples:
- A green roof
on Bagley
Outdoor
Classroom
designed to
reduce storm
water inputs to
Tischer Creek.

58. 6. POLLUTION PREVENTION AND GOOD
HOUSEKEEPING
UMD is
establishing a
system of good
housekeeping
practices that
recognise that
the campus
operates in an
urban area.

59. POSSIBLE PROBLEMS
& RECOMMENDATIONS

60. GREEN ROOF
Problems
Plant Selection
• Type of plant factors in the performance of the
green roof.
• If chosen poorly, the plant would not be able to
survive the climate
• Maintenance would be costly as consistently
require to change the plant
Dead Plants

61. GREEN ROOF
Recommendation
• Species that are able to accumulate nutrients and use water effectively
• Herbaceous Species - Tulbaghia Violacea
• Shrubby Species - Leonotis Leonurus.

62. UNDERGROUND
Problems
• Allowing direct recharge of groundwater
• Infiltration system underground would be affected hence restricting the
movement of water.

63. UNDERGROUND
Recommendation
• Only soils which are suitable for infiltration able to allow a direct recharge
• Acceptable soils for underground system include sand, sandy loam and loam.
• Sandy soils are permeable while soils with clay should be avoided because it
restricts the movement of water.
Sand Sandy Loam

64. SWALES
Problems
• Not effective enough in reducing the bacteria levels and pollutants alone
• Wet swales will be a nuisance by allowing mosquito breeding
Polluted Swales

65. SWALES
Recommendation
• Check dams can be constructed with the swales
• Prevent erosion and promote sedimentation by decreasing runoff volume, rate,
and velocity
• More effective at mitigating runoff quantity and quality than those without.
Grass Swales with Rock Check

66. POND
Problems
Effectiveness of pollutant removal
• Settling area being relative small hence harder to separate sediments.
• Problems in Impede flow and trap remaining pollutants
• Unable to remove pollutant alone
Pond Infiltration System Problem

67. POND
Recommendation
• The addition of a sediment forebay increase the settling area for sediments.
• Construction of shallow ledges along the edge to have aquatic plants that
prevents the entering of flow and trapped pollutants.

68. CONCLUSION

69. THANK YOU