This slide is about international politics as foreign policy outputs by countries or state in international level.

1. INTERNATIONALINTERNATIONAL
POLITICS AS FOREIGNPOLITICS AS FOREIGN
POLICY OUTPUTSPOLICY OUTPUTS
 (A-B)=C(A-B)=C
AA= National Interests= National Interests
BB= National Power= National Power
CC= Foreign Policy= Foreign Policy

2. TOPICSTOPICS
 Foreign Policy OrientationsForeign Policy Orientations
 National RoleNational Role
 Foreign Policy ObjectivesForeign Policy Objectives
 Foreign Policy ActionsForeign Policy Actions

3. ORIENTATIONSORIENTATIONS
 IsolationIsolation
 Strategies of Non-alignment (Neutrality)Strategies of Non-alignment (Neutrality)
 CoalitionsCoalitions
PreconditionsPreconditions: Structure of Int’l System: Structure of Int’l System
: Domestic Politics,: Domestic Politics,
(Ideology, Eco-Social)(Ideology, Eco-Social)
: External Threats: External Threats
: Geographic: Geographic

4. ISOLATIONISOLATION
PreconditionsPreconditions
 Structure of Int’l SystemStructure of Int’l System
- Diffused- Diffused
- Weak Hierarchy- Weak Hierarchy
 Economically & Socially Self-sufficientEconomically & Socially Self-sufficient
 External threat: security, cultural.External threat: security, cultural.
 Geography: remote, hidden, insularityGeography: remote, hidden, insularity

5. NEUTRALITYNEUTRALITY
 Legal StatusLegal Status
war, intervention, military, territory,war, intervention, military, territory,
diplomaticdiplomatic
 Hostile Major Power agreed to neutralize aHostile Major Power agreed to neutralize a
particular territory for the sake of theirparticular territory for the sake of their
strategies (Swiss 1815, Belgium 1813,strategies (Swiss 1815, Belgium 1813,
Luxemburg 1867, Austria 1955, Laos 1962)Luxemburg 1867, Austria 1955, Laos 1962)
 Simple Diffuse SystemSimple Diffuse System
 Supported by Major PowerSupported by Major Power

6. DIPLOMATICDIPLOMATIC
COALITION &COALITION &
MILITARY ALLIANCEMILITARY ALLIANCE
 The partisan state consider unable toThe partisan state consider unable to
solve their own national interests.solve their own national interests.
 It happens in all international system,It happens in all international system,
except in Hierarchical system.except in Hierarchical system.
 Domestic factors: economic, social etc.Domestic factors: economic, social etc.
(ie: ASEAN, NAFTA)(ie: ASEAN, NAFTA)
 Geographically openGeographically open

7. TYPES OF ALLIANCETYPES OF ALLIANCE
 Casus Foederis (Factual/Contextual)Casus Foederis (Factual/Contextual)
 Commitment of agreementCommitment of agreement
 Military IntegrityMilitary Integrity
 Regional/Area OrientationRegional/Area Orientation