1. 1
Executive summary:
Looking at the present scenario of traffic in urban cities like Bangalore,
there has been a growth of more than 4% year-over-year vehicle
population during the last two decades and is still growing on even faster
rate.
We the MBA students of CBSMS, Bangalore, were clustered into a
group named ‘GANGA’ which consisted of four members and have
been assigned a field work to study briefly about Traffic Management in
Bangalore. we decided to approach at all levels that is the public, the
traffic sub-inspectors or inspectors who work at the field level and
deputy Commissioner of Traffic and officials in control room.
The group members first visited Traffic Management Centre at
Bangalore met Deputy Commissioner of Police, Traffic Section
Mr.Dayanand, IPS seeking his permission for our work and with the
help of Mr.Kanakamurthy collected information regarding the traffic
management and Mr.Bharadhvaj visited the police control room of
surveillance cameras to know the technological advancements in
management of traffic.
We also prepared a short questionnaire to consider the opinion of public
which included riders of two-wheelers, four-wheelers, auto-drivers and
drivers of HMVs.
We also spoke to traffic inspectors or officials who control traffic
standing all day long. The Mechanism which they follow and their
opinion in traffic management as considered.

2. 2
Study Area
Bangalore the capital city of Karnataka is one of the fastest growing
metropolitan cities. Traffic management can be best studied in city like
Bangalore. Different areas of Bangalore was selected as the study area
namely Byatarayanapura, Electronic city, KG Road, MG Road,
Bommanahalli for the purpose of study.
Limitations of the study:
The field work was conducted as a part of induction program to gain an
experience in field work hence, in-depth study was not taken.
This study regarding the public opinion was based on primary data
collected from sample respondents by survey method. As many of the
respondents furnished the required information from their memory
and experience, the collected data would be subjected to recall bias.
The study area was limited to only few areas in Bangalore and the
findings may not be applicable to other places, as vast difference exists
among the respondents with regard to demographic and psychographic
characteristics.
However, study also includes some secondary data as collected from
Office of Commissioner of Police, TMC, Bangalore city.

3. 3
Sampling design
Bangalore city was selected for the purpose of the study. Data regarding
the public opinion were collected using a small schedule. A random
sampling method was adopted to select the respondents. The sampling
was done in different localities of Bangalore namely Byatarayanapura,
Electronic city, KG Road, MG Road, Bommanahalli to get
diversification in the sample mainly based on region, type of vehicle
owned/used to travel,gender,etc. Data was collected from various age
groups and from both the genders. A total of 10 respondents from public
belonging to different places were selected.
Official data was however a secondary data.
Analytical Tools and Techniques
Basic statistical methods were used to draw the necessary results from
this study.

4. DISCUSSION REGARDING TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT
CENTRE, BANGALORE:
Bangalore is an ever growing city. The Commissionerate of Police,
Bangalore City looks after the Policing aspect of the city. The area of
Bangalore City Police Commissinerate was 360sq.Kms and with the
addition of south east division at the end of 2007 and north east division
in may 2008,the area of Bangalore City is 1005 sq. Kms.
The Commissionarate of Police, Bangalore City includes substantial
area which is outside the jurisdiction of BBMP. The BBMP has got a
geographical area of 744 Sq. Kms. Only.
The following is the representation of composition of different type
vehicles in Bangalore city.
4
different type of vehicles in Bangalore City
two-wheelers LMV A/R HTV HGV others
69%
21%
3% 2% 2% 3%
Two-wheelers are highest in number in the city, followed by LMVs.

5. 5
Major reasons according to the department for traffic problems:
1. Increase in the number of vehicles:
The following is the growth in number of vehicles since the last decades.
total no. of motor vehicles (in lakhs) registered in
Bangalore City for each decade from 1986 to
total no. of motor vehicles (in lakhs) registered in Bangalore City for each decade from 1986 to 2011
3.29
9.93
28.41
40.6
2011
1986 1996 2006 2011
It can be inferred that during the last decade number of vehicles have
increased nearly by 17 per cent.
2. Violation in the traffic rules:
The following is the number of MV Act, KP Act and Towing cases
booked in different heads for the last five years.
MV ACT,KP ACT AND TOWING CASES BOOKED (IN LAKHS)IN DIFFERENT HEADS FOR THE
YEAR 2007 TO 2011
14.4
MV ACT,KP ACT AND TOWING CASES
BOOKED (IN LAKHS)IN DIFFERENT HEADS
FOR THE YEAR 2007 TO 2011
20.8
26.4
33.3 34.8
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

6. It can be inferred that every year there has been an increase in various
violations.
6
The roads are small and constricted. Say if the capacity of the
road is 5000 vehicles per unit time there are 15000 vehicles
which creates slow moving traffic or traffic congestion 1and
disrupts the easy flow of vehicles especially during peak hours
and in peak junctions.
3. Various construction works:
Various construction works like metro, fly-over, sky-lines,
underpasses, etc hampers the smooth flow of the vehicles.
4. Increase in the number of accidents;

7. The accidents which occur almost every day hampers the free
flow of traffic creating congestion and sometimes jam for the
long hours.
With the increase in number of vehicles, phenomenal growth in the
population and the obstruction of carriage way by number of on-going
works like Metro fly-overs, under-passes, over-bridges, the management
of the traffic and its smooth flow has become a challenging task.
However anticipating growth in number of vehicles and problems in
traffic management the City Police have envisaged Bangalore Traffic
Improvement Plan which is popularly known as B-TRAC scheme.
7
B-TRAC SCHEME:
The scheme was started in the year 2006-07 and the grant given by the
Government for implementation of project during the year 2011-12 was
Rs.15 crore.
The following assets were created in Bangalore City.
B-TRAC Assets:

8.  Installation of 179 Traffic Surveillance Cameras
 Installation of 5 enforcement cameras
 Installation and up-gradation of 340 signals
 Installation of 625 warning and blinking signals
 Installation of 49 pelican light signals for pedestrians
 Provision of 650 BlackBerry handsets and Bluetooth printers
 30,000 road signage
 1000 traffic information boards
 2,00,000 sq.mtr road marking
 85 junction improvements
 Connectivity from all the signals, Surveillance Cameras and
Enforcement Cameras and Enforcement Cameras to the Traffic
Management Centre (TMC).
 Connectivity between TMC and State Transport Department
 Provision of 13 interceptors for booking violation cases
 Provision of 125 state of art breath analyzers
 Provision of 500 Wheel Clamps for prevention of parking
8
violations
 Construction of state of art Traffic Management Centre, Bangalore
 Construction of State of Art Training and Road Safety Institute,
Bangalore
The following are images some of physical assets:

9. 9
Intercept vehicles
Blackberry handsets and Bluetooth
printers
Enforcement camera
Surveillance camers

10. 10
Road signages
Flexible cone Lane dividers with reflective
tapes

11. 11
MANAGEMNT OF TRAFFIC BY B-TRAC:
Intelligent Traffic Signaling: This is to ensure smooth flow of traffic.
1. Automated signaling system: all signals placed at various
junctions are controlled from a central hub. Also the CIs, SIs at the
junction are allowed to control manually depending upon the case.
These controllers are intelligent and are programmed to perform as
per location and time.
2. Vehicle Actuation: underlying sensor(also referred as loops)
embedded below the asphalted road near zebra crossing senses the
vehicle movement. This leads to wastage of green time and traffic
from other direction is released.
3. Signal Progression: this programming allows each junction
turns green towards a priority direction in conjugation with its
previous signal.
4. Area Traffic Control (ATC): this is a combination of signal
progression and vehicle actuation.
5. Power Backup and Management Act: traffic junctions are
equipped with high-end equipment which requires uninterrupted
power supply (UPS). Main power supply is provided to traffic
signals using solar panels while networking devices and cameras
are energized using BESCOM connections. Also backup support
for about 4 hours by feeding main power input into UPS, one each
for networking devices.
IT-ENABLED ENFORCEMENT: this is to ensure Eagle Eyes across
the City.
6. Enforcement cameras: high-resolution cameras placed at
various junctions capture pictures of over speeding vehicles or
jumping signals.

12. 7. Surveillance cameras: 180 junctions are fitted with Pan-Tilt-
Zoom cameras, capable of featuring live feeds and pass to TMC
where 24-tera byte storage solution is used to store the feed for 15
to 30 days.
Recording and Watching the surveillance cameras in TMC
8. Interceptors: these are equipped with surveillance cameras,
12
laser speed gun and alcometer for recording the violation and
prosecuting the offenders while in move.
9. Blackberry driven enforcement: traffic police officers are
provided blackberry devices connected to the Bluetooth-enabled
printers. These are connected to central server kept at state data

13. 13
centre(SDC). Offenders are imposed with fine online resulting in
real time monitoring and statistical analysis for senior officer’s
review.
10. Payment against violation notices: traffic- police have
tied up with Bangalore-one, a citizen friendly initiative of e-governance,
for enforcing anywhere anytime payment of fines
imposed.
11. Traffic scan through GPS: 600 BMTC buses of
Bangalore are fitted with GPS devices. This is to identify
congestion across the road.
12. Traffic scan through mobile density: this is a
supplementary mechanism for identifying congestion using density
of mobile devices currently existing under a mobile tower.
13. Variable messaging system: message boards on large
gantries are placed to display various information related to the
traffic.
The main purpose of this is to inform about traffic and take
diversions or other routes. This will come up in near future.
VMS
14. Parking information system: all major parking places are
proposed to connect to TMC using web based services.
By creation of physical assets and re-orientation of the traffic
police personnel, the entire City Traffic Management transformed
into a Technology Driven Traffic Management.

14. 14
THE FOLLOWING ARE THE ACHIEVEMENTS AFTER
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE B-TRAC SCHEME:
 Paperless enforcement of Motor Vehicle Act and Rules, for
the first time in the country
 The only city in the country with all the signals running at
solar energy
 The only city in the country where all the signals can be
managed from the Traffic Management Centre
 25% reduction in the number of fatal and non-fatal accidents.
 25% reduction in number of persons killed and injured in
accidents.
 300% increase in the fines collected for violations of the
Motor Vehicle Act and rules
DRAW BACKS OR LIMITATIONS OF THE TMC:
1. Technical problems occur however it is resolved as soon as
possible.
2. The violations among young age public is nearly more than 10000
per day which is acting as a limitation in controlling traffic
specially those caused due to accidents.
3. Many surveillance cameras are de-fitted due to construction works.
4. Also different infrastructure providers like BBMP, lack of proper
planning in construction of fly-over, skylines, metros, time-lag in
completion of works inherits the smooth flow of traffic.
5. The rules and decision always depends on Government authorities.

15. 15
INFERENCE AND SOLUTIONS:
1. Time –lag between implantation of construction of metros,
skylines, etc must be reduced. Ensuring speedy completion of
works causes lesser trouble to the traffic movement.
2. Co-ordination between Government, TMC, BBMP and other
such infrastructure provides must be further strengthened
considering each other’s solutions while implementing a
project.
3. Age limit to own the vehicles has to be increased as attitude
of young people tend to violate the traffic rules.
4. Rules to curb the number of cars and vehicles on roads must
be framed: rules like-
 specified colored cars allowed on specified days.
 Odd number and even numbered vehicles are to deiven
on specified days of week.
 More tax on vehicles to encourage public
transportation.
 Create more public transports.
This also encourages car pooling and help in cut down
of number of vehicles on roads.
5. Movement of heavy vehicles are to be restricted during the
peak hours of traffic movement.

16. DISCUSSION REGARDING POLICE TRAFFIC INSPECTORS
AT TRAFFIC JUNCTIONS:
16
1. Total number of respondents: 5
2. Facilities provided to them to manage the traffic:
 Walky-talkies: connected to different around 10 walky-talkies
at the nearby junctions.
 Manual control system: manual control systems at their booth
to use in extensive cases.
 BlackBerry to impose fine to the violators.
 Powers to impose fine to the violators, take decisions like
diversion of traffic in certain cases.
 Cameras to record cases like signal jump.
 All time connection to central control system.
3. Major Problems in traffic according to them:
problems No. of respondents Percentage(%)
Violation of traffic
4 out of 5 80
rules
Increase in no.
of vehicles
5 out of 5 100
accidents 3 out of 5 60
Allowing vehicles
1 out of 5 20
of other states

17. 100
percentage (%) of major problems
percentage (%) of major problems
80
60
From the above table and graph it can be inferred that major problems in
traffic is due to increase in number of vehicles followed by violation of
traffic rules and accidents.
17
Inference and solutions:
1. According to the officials limit in registration of new vehicles must
be fixed to a limited which is true to our sense too.
2. Violators must be subjected to stringent punishments as fine
imposed is reasonable to the public and tend to violate rules easily.
3. Vehicles of other states must be allowed to enter in specified days
only, this will allow space to domestic vehicles.
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increase in number of
vehicles
violation of traffic rules accidents vehicles of other states

18. 18
DISCUSSION REGARDING PUBLIC:
1. Type of respondents: pedestrians/who use public transport, two-wheeler
owners, four-wheeler drivers, three-wheeler owners and
bus drivers.
2. Total number of respondents: 10
Type of respondents No. of respondents Percentage
Of respondents(in
%)
Pedestrians/who use
public transport
2 20
Two-wheeler drivers 3 30
Four-wheeler drivers 2 20
Three-wheelers
1 10
drivers
Bus drivers 2 20
total 10 100
percentage distribution of respondents
pedestrians 2-wheeler drivers 3-wheeler drivers 4-wheeler drivers bus-drivers
20%
30%
10%
20%
20%

19. 19
3. Gender distribution of the respondents:
gender No. of respondents Percentage
female 2 20
Male 8 80
Total 10 100
4. Age-wise distribution of the respondents:
Age(in years) No. of respondents Percentage(%)
20-30 4 40
31-40 4 40
40-50 2 20
Total 10 100
5. Purpose of travelling :
Type
of respondents
Frequency
Pedestrians/travelling
in public vehicles
Work place
2-wheelers Work place
4-wheelers Work place
3-wheelers Occupation
Bus drivers Occupation
6. Pooled problems of public in traffic found during the study:
 Small sized and constricted roads.
 Various Constructions works.
 Go late to their respective places due to which they tend not
to follow the traffic rules.
 Accidents

20.  Drink and drive cases.
 Movement of VIP vehicles hampers the movement of them.
 One-way system is a problem to mainly 3-wheelers and bus-drivers
20
and wastage of fuel is their major concern.
 No compassion towards fellow drivers.
Some of the facts observed in the study:
1. Violation of rules:
percentage distribution of respondents according
to the age
20-30 years 31-40 years 40 to 50 years
40%
20%
40%
The above graph depicts that people belonging to the younger age tend
to violate rules to reach their destination.
2. Reasons as to why people don’t prefer public transportation:
Almost all the respondents want to reach the destination early.
Majority of respondents are not comfortable in public transports.
Owning a vehicle especially 4-wheeler owners is a matter of
prestige for few respondents.

21. 21
3. Compassion towards fellow drivers:
Majority of people are rash and do not think if other people
travelling on road. This again is due to ‘me first’ attitude.
Sometimes, argument between two drivers in the mid road slows
down movement of vehicles.
Inference and solutions:
1. Main reason of violation of rules is the ‘Me First’ attitude.
Educating the public in advantage of following the traffic rules
may help cut-down the speed to reach destination. This can be
done at the work places mainly the soft-ware companies and
colleges.
This also helps in reducing violations like signal jump,
increased speed, etc.
2. Although a small reason, it happens in many places.
Compassion towards fellow travelers must be inculcated.
3. Age-limit of eligibility to own a vehicle must be increased.
4. Fine and punishment rules must be further stringent.
5. Community traffic system must be encouraged where-in
training is given to the people regarding violations and let the
people only will inform about the violations.

22. 22
References:
 www.bangaloretrafficpolice.gov.in
 Articles from newspapers
 Data from information booklet of B-TRAC.