UN

1. The UnitedThe United
NationsNations

2. United Nations Intro VideoUnited Nations Intro Video

3. Why do we have the UN?Why do we have the UN?
 After World War I, the League ofAfter World War I, the League of
Nations was created to prevent anotherNations was created to prevent another
world warworld war
 During World War II, the League ofDuring World War II, the League of
Nations was eliminated because itNations was eliminated because it
failed to prevent another warfailed to prevent another war
 In 1945, with the end of WWII nearing,In 1945, with the end of WWII nearing,
the United Nations was created tothe United Nations was created to
replace the failed League of Nationsreplace the failed League of Nations

4. What does the United Nations Do?What does the United Nations Do?
 Maintains international peaceMaintains international peace
and securityand security
 Works to maintain friendlyWorks to maintain friendly
relationships between countriesrelationships between countries
 Works to promote economicWorks to promote economic
development of memberdevelopment of member
nationsnations

5. What does the United Nations Do?What does the United Nations Do?
 Provides a forum for almost all of theProvides a forum for almost all of the
world’s nations to discussworld’s nations to discuss
international issuesinternational issues
 Humanitarian effortsHumanitarian efforts
• AIDSAIDS
• Landmine removalLandmine removal
• Food and supply organizationFood and supply organization
• So much moreSo much more
 Peacekeeping forcesPeacekeeping forces

6. Who and Where?Who and Where?
 Almost all countries in the worldAlmost all countries in the world
are members of the UNare members of the UN
 There are currently 1939195-There are currently 1939195-
2017) countries in the UN2017) countries in the UN
 The headquarters is in New YorkThe headquarters is in New York
CityCity

8. UN World HeadquartersUN World Headquarters
New YorkNew York

9. Inside UN HeadquartersInside UN Headquarters

10. Parts of the United NationsParts of the United Nations
1.1. The General AssemblyThe General Assembly – the ‘town– the ‘town
meeting’ of the worldmeeting’ of the world
2.2. UN Security CouncilUN Security Council – maintains world– maintains world
peace (most powerful branch)peace (most powerful branch)
3.3. Economic and Social CouncilEconomic and Social Council - works to- works to
improve the world’s standard of livingimprove the world’s standard of living
and protect human rightsand protect human rights
4.4.Trusteeship CouncilTrusteeship Council–deals with territories–deals with territories
5.5. ICJICJ – International Court of Justice– International Court of Justice
6.6. The SecretariatThe Secretariat – administrative duties– administrative duties
and can bring any topic before the SCand can bring any topic before the SC

11. Other UN OrganizationsOther UN Organizations
 LinkLink

13. The General AssemblyThe General Assembly
 Every member nation has aEvery member nation has a
seat at the General Assemblyseat at the General Assembly
 Brings up international issuesBrings up international issues
that they want the Securitythat they want the Security
Council to deal withCouncil to deal with
 Holds elections for SecurityHolds elections for Security
Council members and otherCouncil members and other
leadersleaders

14. The General AssemblyThe General Assembly
Inside UN HeadquartersInside UN Headquarters

15. UN Security CouncilUN Security Council
 Made up of 15 countries:Made up of 15 countries:
• The “Permanent Five” countriesThe “Permanent Five” countries
 China, France, Great Britain, Russia,China, France, Great Britain, Russia,
USUS
• 10 non-permanent countries (elected10 non-permanent countries (elected
every two years)every two years)
 Bolivia (2018), Egypt (2017), Ethiopia
(2018), Italy (2017) Japan (2017),
Kazakhstan (2018), Senegal (2017),
Sweden (2018) Ukraine (2017),
Uruguay (2017)

17. UN Security Council ContinuedUN Security Council Continued
 The strong-arm of the UNThe strong-arm of the UN
 Maintains international peaceMaintains international peace
 How does it do this:How does it do this:
•Recommends peaceful negotiationsRecommends peaceful negotiations
(peace talks)(peace talks)
•Can useCan use economic sanctions-??economic sanctions-??
•Can use military force-Korean WarCan use military force-Korean War
 If all 15 members pass something, all 193If all 15 members pass something, all 193
members must abide by itmembers must abide by it

18. Ecomomic SanctionsEcomomic Sanctions
 Economic SanctionsEconomic Sanctions – ban on all– ban on all
trade with a country (excepttrade with a country (except
food)food)
 What is the point of economicWhat is the point of economic
sanctions?sanctions?

19. North KoreaNorth Korea
 New economic sanctions imposed onNew economic sanctions imposed on
9-11-179-11-17
 North Korea respondsNorth Korea responds
• North Korea has threatened to sink
Japan and reduce the US to "ashes and
darkness“ due to new sanctions

20. UN PeacekeepersUN Peacekeepers
They always wearThey always wear blue beretsblue berets oror blue helmetsblue helmets
to identify themselvesto identify themselves

21. Major UN MissionsMajor UN Missions
 East TimorEast Timor (Asia) – the UN supervised(Asia) – the UN supervised
the independence of this countrythe independence of this country
 IraqIraq (Middle East) – UN tried to cut all(Middle East) – UN tried to cut all
trade with Iraq after it failed to complytrade with Iraq after it failed to comply
with international law, but some nationswith international law, but some nations
continued to trade with them.continued to trade with them.
 SomaliaSomalia (Africa) – UN humanitarian(Africa) – UN humanitarian
mission to get food and supplies tomission to get food and supplies to
people in needpeople in need
 HaitiHaiti (Caribbean) – UN helped strengthen(Caribbean) – UN helped strengthen
government, army, and hold electionsgovernment, army, and hold elections

25. Link to Each Countries MilitaryLink to Each Countries Military
Involvement with UNInvolvement with UN

26. Weaknesses of the UNWeaknesses of the UN
 Sanctions are only effective if ALLSanctions are only effective if ALL
countries follow them (Iraq example)countries follow them (Iraq example)
 Military force is rarely used and is usuallyMilitary force is rarely used and is usually
ineffectiveineffective
 ALL permanent members of the securityALL permanent members of the security
council have to vote unanimously (onecouncil have to vote unanimously (one
country can stop a sanction)country can stop a sanction)
 Inadequate funding by member nationsInadequate funding by member nations
• 14 Countries Pay 85% of the subscriptions14 Countries Pay 85% of the subscriptions
(membership fee)(membership fee)
 Big gap between developing andBig gap between developing and
industrialized nationsindustrialized nations

27. Who Pays for UN?Who Pays for UN?

28. UN Development Goals ProjectUN Development Goals Project