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The psychosocial impact of the breast cancer patients
1.
2. â˘DEFINITION: Overgrowth of breast cells.
â˘Most breast cancers begin in the cells that line the ducts or the
lobules. A small number start in other tissues.
â˘Breast tumours can be classified in:
BENIGN TUMOUR
MALIGN TUMOUR
6. Gender
Age
Hormonal factors
Previous breast conditions
â˘Exposure to the oestrogen and
progesterone hormones for long and
uninterrupted periods;
⢠Nulliparity or 1st pregnancy after 30;
â˘Not
having
breastfed
breastfeeding;
â˘Overweight or obesity;
⢠Early menstruation (before 12);
â˘Sedentary life;
Family history
â˘Late menopause (after 50).
â˘Addiction;
â˘High-fat diet;
Non-reprodutive lifestyle factors
â˘Shift work;
â˘Radiation exposure.
or
15. ⢠Encourage changes in psychosocial aspects;
GOALS:
⢠Upgrade the current lifestyle;
â˘Improve the quality of life.
â˘Provide an atmosphere of acceptance, openness and availability as well as privacy
for patient.
â˘Promote a calm and quiet environment.
â˘Explore with her previous methods of dealing with life problems.
â˘Encourage verbalization of their feelings and fears.
â˘Encourage to identify their own strengths and abilities.
â˘Arrange social support.
â˘Encourage the participation in breast cancer support groups.
16. â˘American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2011-2012. Atlanta: American Cancer
Society, Inc, 2012.
â˘American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer. Atlanta: American Cancer Society, Inc, 2013;
â˘Arroyo, J.; LĂłpez, M. Psychological Problems Derived from Mastectomy: A Qualitative Study.
International Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2011;
â˘Compas, B.; Luecken, L. Psychosocial Adjustment to Breast Cancer. American Psychological
Society. 2002;
â˘Dahl, C.; Reinersten, K.; Nesvold, I. A Study of Body Image in Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors.
Journal Cancer. 2010;
â˘Fallbjork, U.; Rasmussen, B.; Karlsson, S.; Salander, P. Aspects of body image after mastectomy
due to breast cancer e A two-year follow-up study. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2012;
â˘Gumus, A.; Ăam, O. Effects of Emotional Support-Focused Nursing Interventions on the
Psychosocial Adjustment of Breast Cancer Patients. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, Vol.
9, 2008;
â˘National Cancer Institute. What you need to know about breast cancer. National Institutes of
Health. 2012;
â˘Paiva, L.; Dantas, D; Silva, F. [et. al]. Body image and sexuality of women who underwent a radical
mastectomy: integrative review. Journal of Nursing UFPE Online, 2013;
â˘Shoma, A. [et. al]. Body image disturbance and surgical decision making in Egyptian post
menopausal breast cancer patients. World Journal of Surgical Oncology, 2009.