basic terminology definition of pathophysiology basic terminology prediposing factor

1. PRESENTATIONON:
Pathophysiology
Presented by: Mohammad Muztaba
Asst. Professor(Jr.)
Department of Pharmacology Bhavdiya institute sibar sohawal Ayodhya

2. Pathophysiology = the study of the functional changes associated
with a specific disease
 The study of abnormal function in the body and how disease
processes work
 How the disease affects specific functions of the body
INTRODUCTION TO
Pathophysiology

3. Importance of study of pathophysiology
Anatomy and physiology (basic -science)
Action of etiologic agent
Pathophysiology (disorder physiology)
Understanding of
pathophysiology
Pharmacology (Rational drugs therapies)
Relief

4. Terms Used In Pathophysiology
• Pathology = study of disease (Pathology is a result of disease and
changes in homeostasis).
• Pathogenesis = the development of a disease(A. The
development of a disease is referred to as pathogenesis (-genesis
= origin or development).
Example: common cold
1. Cause = exposure and inoculation of cold virus
2. Incubation time = virus multiplies
3. Manifestation = host begins to have signs and symptoms (sore
throat, itchy eyes, runny nose, etc.)
4. Recovery = return to previous state of health

5. • Disease terminology
– Etiology = cause of the disease
– Idiopathic = disease with unknown cause
– Iatrogenic = disease caused by human intervention
– Congenital diseases = diseases occurring at birth
– Syndrome = common cause of different signs & symptoms
– Remission = period when symptoms & signs of disease abates
– Exacerbation = period when symptoms & signs increase
– Endemic disease = disease native to local area
– Epidemic = many people affected in a given area
– Pandemic = many people affected in large areas
– Incubation = latent period of the disease before develop signs &
symptoms
– Prognosis = probability for recovery
– Morbidity = disease rates within a group
– Mortality = death rates within a group
– Epidemiology = how the disease occurs & spreads through an area

6. Predisposing Factors (risk factors)
• Age
• Young are prone to accidents
• Getting diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and certain
cancers increase with age
• Very old are prone to drug interactions
• Sex
• More frequent in woman: MS, osteoporosis
• More frequent in men: gout, Parkinson’s disease
• Lifestyle
• Examples of harmful lifestyle:
» Perilous occupation
» Smoking
» Excess alcohol
» Poor nutrition
» Sedentary activity

7. • Environment
• Air pollution
• Water pollution
• Poor living conditions
• Excessive noise
• Chronic psychological stress
• Heredity
• Deals with genetic predisposition (inheritance)
» Genetic predisposition + certain type of environment =
mental retardation , lung cancer, etc.
• Stress - increases body’s production of corticosteroids, which
decreases immune system function.
• Occupation - exposure to loud noises, pollutants, repetitive
movements, heavy equipment, high places, etc.
• Preventive health care
• The best treatment of a disease is prevention !!
• Deals with altering risk factors that can be changed

8. THANKU