this slide has all things about GI.........

1. GI signs & symptoms
Presenter: Mohammad Azizi
Date: 3-1-2019

2. Signs & symptoms
Aphagia Ascites diarrhea dyspepsia
dysphagia flatus halitosis hematomesis
hepatomegaly
Jaundice/
icterus
Nausea xerostomia Heartburn
Melena Tenesmus
Hematochezia
Constipation

3. Ascites:
 Peritoneum cavity
 500cc
 3gr/dl
 Secondary infection
 Metastatic tumor
1. Hydrostatic pressure
2. Hypoalbuminemia
 Extravasation of lymphatic fluid
3. Kidneys

4. Heartburn :
A painful burning feeling
In chest or throat.

5. Dyspepsia:
Chronic or recurrent pain or
discomfort centered in the
upper abdomen

6. Diarrhea:
Frequent discharge of watery
fecal material .
 Secretory diarrhea
 Osmotic diarrhea
 Steatorrhea
 Exudative diarrhea

7. Flatus or flatulence:
A condition of gas trapped in
the GI tract.

8. Dysphagia:
Difficulty in swallowing.(Globus,
early satiety)
 Neural dysphagia(epiglottis)
 Neuromuscular dysphagia
 Achalasia
 Mechanical dysphagia (with
heartburn or without it)
 Odynophagia

9. Jaundice/icterus:
A yellowish staining of the skin,
sclera and mucosal membrane.
 >1mg/dl
 <2-3mg/dl
 Pre hepatic
 Hepatic
 Post hepatic

10. Nausea:
It is a symptomatic urge to
vomit.(autonomic signs )
 Drugs
 Pregnancy
 Vestibular

11. Hepatomegaly:
Enlargement of the liver
 Fatty liver
 Liver cirrhosis
 Metastatic tumor
 Alcoholic hepatitis

12. Harrison’s internal medicine 19th edition(kasper,longo,jameson….)
Current 2019(Maxine A. papadakis,MD,Stephen)
Wikipedia(http://en.Wikipedia.org/)
Supporting materials :