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Spinal nerves and spinal plexuses cdp final
- 1. Spinal Nerves and Spinal Plexuses SLIDES AND NARRATION BY MARY KLINGER
- 2. Nerve Plexuses • Complex, interwoven networks of nerve fibers • Formed by blended fibers of ventral rami of adjacent spinal nerves • Mixed nerves. • Control muscles of the neck and upper and lower extremities • Receive sensory information from skin superficial to muscles.
- 3. Nerve Plexuses The four major plexuses made from ventral rami 1. Cervical plexus 2. Brachial plexus 3. Lumbar plexus 4. Sacral plexus
- 4. Nerve Plexuses • Cervical Plexus ▫ Includes ventral rami of spinal nerves C1 – C5 ▫ Innervates muscles of the neck, thoracic cavity and diaphragm ▫ Major nerve Phrenic nerve - innervates the diaphragm and contains fibers from C3, C4, and C5.
- 5. Nerve Plexuses • Picture of cervical plexus in situ:
- 6. Nerve Plexuses • Brachial Plexus ▫ Includes ventral rami of spinal nerve roots C5 – T1 ▫ Innervates pectoral girdle and upper limbs ▫ Nerves that form brachial plexus originate from Superior, middle, and inferior trunks Anterior and posterior divisions Lateral, medial , and anterior cords Smaller branches or named nerves, innervate muscles
- 7. Nerve Plexuses • Brachial Plexus ▫ Major nerves of brachial plexus Musculocutaneous nerve – innervates biceps brachii Median nerve – innervates most flexors of the forearm Ulnar nerve – innervates medial portions of the hand Axillary nerve – innervates the deltoid Radial nerve – innervates most extensors of the arm and forearm
- 9. Nerve Plexuses • Picture of brachial plexus
- 10. Nerve Plexuses • Lumbar Plexus ▫ Includes ventral rami of spinal nerves T12 – L4 ▫ Major nerves Obturator nerve – innervates the adductors of the hip Femoral nerve - innervates the quadriceps femoris muscle group
- 12. Nerve Plexuses • Sacral Plexus ▫ Includes ventral rami of spinal nerves L4 – S4 ▫ Major nerve Sciatic nerve – longest and largest nerve in the PNS Innervates the flexors of the knee and foot Branches into ▫ Fibular nerve – innervates part of the hamstrings and anterior tibialis m. ▫ Tibial nerve – innervates part of the hamstrings and the gastrocnemius and soleus mm.