Programming funndamentals ch 1 slides

1. Tutor: Bilal Janjooa Assistant Professor
The University of Lahore
MS Telecom. Eng. From The University of Sunderland UK
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2. Lecture No. 1
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3. Assessments
Quiz & Assignments 25% 25 Marks
Mid Exam 25% 25 Marks
Final Exam 50% 50 Marks
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4. Course Objectives
Objectives of this course are:
1. To appreciate the need for a programming
language
2. To introduce the concept and usability of the
structured programming methodology
3. To develop proficiency in making useful
software using the C language
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5. 5
What Is a Computer?
 Computer
 Performs computations and makes logical decisions
 Millions / billions times faster than human beings
 Computer programs
 Sets of instructions by which a computer processes data
 Hardware
 Physical devices of computer system
 Software
 Programs that run on computers
Bilal Janjooa bilal.janjooa@yahoo.co.uk

6. 6
Computer Organization
 Six logical units of computer system
 Input unit
 Mouse, keyboard
 Output unit
 Printer, monitor, audio speakers
 Memory unit
 Retains input and processed information
 Arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)
 Performs calculations
 Central processing unit (CPU)
 Supervises operation of other devices
 Secondary storage unit
 Hard drives, floppy drives
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7. Program
“An accurate sequence of steps to
solve a particular problem”
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8. Critical Skills
 Analysis
 Critical Thinking
 Attention to Detail
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9. Design Recipe
To design a program properly, we must:
 Analyze a problem statement, typically
expressed as a word problem
 Formulate statements and comments in a
specific language
 Evaluate and revise the activities in light of
checks and tests
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10.  PAY ATTENTION TO DETAIL
 These skills are useful for
anybody
 All assignments in this course
should follow the these
guidelines
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11. Computers are
STUPID
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12. Humans are
even more…….
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13. Think Reuse
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14. Area of the Ring
Inner
Circle
Outer
Circle
Area of Inner Circle____Area of Outer Circle = Area of the Ring
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15.  Think Reuse
 Think User Interface
 Comments liberally
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16. Logical Error
Lewis Carol: “Through the Looking Glass”
“Twas brillig, and the slithy toves
Did gyre and gimble in the wabe “
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17. Machine Languages, Assembly Languages,
and High-level Languages
 Three types of programming languages
 Machine languages
 Strings of numbers giving machine specific instructions
 Example:
+1300042774 (these would really be in binary)
+1400593419
+1200274027
 Assembly languages
 English-like abbreviations representing elementary
computer operations (translated via assemblers)
 Example:
LOAD BASEPAY
ADD OVERPAY
STORE GROSSPAY
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18. Machine Languages, Assembly Languages,
and High-level Languages
 High-level languages
 Instructions closer to everyday English
 English is a natural language. Although high level
programming languages are closer to natural languages.
 Use mathematical notations (translated via compilers)
 Example:
grossPay = basePay + overTimePay
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19. Books
 Deitel & Deitel :– C++ How to Program
 Kernighan and Ritchie:-
The C Programming Language
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20. Thank You
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