SOM-151 is the first class in the Missional Discipleship program of SEATS Schools of Missions. It discusses Jesus as presented by the author of Mark, revisits the COMCA Bible Interpretation tool, and takes a look at a few Markan stories in order to better understand his perspective. SEATS SOM Track 2

2. South East Asian Theological Schools, Inc. SEATS Schools of Ministry Discipling Leaders Building Nations 1 Missional Discipleship

3. Understanding Jesus Gospel of Mark

4. Mark 1:1 – “This is the beginning of the Good News about Jesus Christ, the Son of God.” Marcos 1:1 – “Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.”

5. Who is Jesus? Mark 1-8

6. Who is Jesus? Mark 1-8 What did Jesus come to do? Mark 9-16

7. MgaTanong What is the Good News? Anoba’ngMabutingBalita? Anoba’ng Good News sabuhayko? Anoba’ng Good News sa lipunannatin?

8. MgaTanong What is the Good News? Anoba’ngMabutingBalita? Anoba’ng Good News sabuhayko? Anoba’ng Good News salipunannatin? Bakit walang Christmas Story ang Marcos?

9. MgaTanong What is the Good News? Anoba’ngMabutingBalita? Anoba’ng Good News sabuhayko? Anoba’ng Good News salipunannatin? BakitwalangChristmas Story ang Marcos? Naniniwalabasilanasi Jesus ay Tao? Kailan?

10. MgaTanong What is the Good News? Anoba’ngMabutingBalita? Anoba’ng Good News sabuhayko? Anoba’ng Good News salipunannatin? BakitwalangChristmas Story ang Marcos? Naniniwalabasilanasi Jesus ay Tao? Kailan? Naniniwalabasilanasi Jesus ay Diyos? Kailan?

11. evangelion “The term has recently been translated as ‘good news.’ That sounds attractive, but it falls far short of the order of magnitude of what is actually meant by the word evangelion. This term figures in the vocabulary of the Roman emperors, who understood themselves as lords, saviors, & redeemers of the world…. The idea was that what comes from the emperor is a saving message, that it is not just a piece of news, but a changing of the world for the better.

12. evangelion “When the Evangelists adopt this word, & it thereby becomes the generic name for their writings, what they mean to tell us is this: What the emperors, who pretend to be gods, illegitimately claim, really occurs here – a message endowed with plenary authority, a message that is not just talk but reality…. the Gospel is not just informative speech, but performative speech – not just the imparting of information, but action, efficacious power that enters into the world to save & transform. Mark speaks of the ‘Gospel of God,’ the point being that it is not the emperors who can save the world, but God. And it is here that God’s word, which is at once word & deed, appears; it is here that what the emperors merely assert, but cannot actually perform, truly takes place. For here it is the real Lord of the world – the Living God – who goes into action. “The core of the Gospel is this: The Kingdom of God is at hand.”

13. evangelion Itongsalita ay inilipatsa “MagandangBalita.” Pero, kahitmagandaang dating ngsalitangito, kulangitosatotoongibigsabihinngsalitang “evangelion.” GinamititongsalitangmgaEmperadorng Roma, naakalanilanasilaangpanginoon, mgatagapagligtas, at mgataga-tubosngmundo … angkonseptonitonaanggalingsaemperador ay angmensahenamakakapagligtas, hindilangisangpirasongbalitakundiangisangpagbabagongmundo.

14. evangelion Noongginamitngmga may-akdaangsalitangito, at naging common naitoparasakanilangmgapagsulat, angibignilangsabihin ay: Kung anoangsinasabingmgaEmperador, nahinditotoongdiyos, nasila’ymgapanginoon, tagaligtas, at taga-tubosngmundo, ay nangyaridito – isangmensahena may buongkapangyarihan, isangmensahenahindisalitalamangkundikatotohanan … ang Gospel ay hindilangpagsalitananagbibigaykaaalaman, hindilangnagbibigayimpormasyonkundi may gawa, kapangyarihannapumapasoksamundoparailigtas at baguhin. Angpuntoni Marcos patungkolsaMabutingBalita, AngsalitangDiyosnaminsa’ynagingsalita at gawa, at nakita, Na hindiangmgaEmperoangmakakapagligtaskundiangDiyoslamangangmakakagawa. Ito angsinasabingmgaEmperona may paninindiganngunithindinilatalagakayanggawin. SapagkatnanditoangtunaynaPanginoonngmundo – AngDiyosnabuhay –naSyangkumikilos. Ito angcentrongMabutingBalia: DitonaangKaharianngDiyos! - Pope Benedict XVI, from Jesus of Nazareth, pgs. 46-47.

15. Context

16. Context Observe

17. Context Observe Meaning

18. Compare Context Observe Meaning

19. Compare Context Apply Observe Meaning

20. Compare Context Apply Observe Meaning Sarili

21. Compare Context Apply Observe Meaning Sarili mabuting balita

22. 3-Step Method What does God say? Anoba’ngsinabi ng Diyos? Exegesis (then & now)

23. 3-Step Method What does God say? Anoba’ngsinabi ng Diyos? Exegesis (then & now) What is for me?Ano’ngmeronsa akin? Personal application

24. 3-Step Method What does God say? Anoba’ngsinabi ng Diyos? Exegesis (then & now) What is for me?Ano’ngmeronsa akin? Personal application What is this possibly for you?Anongmeronsainyo? Audience application.

25. Interpretation Grid Anoba’ngnatutunankotungkolsa … Father / Ama Sin / Kasalanan Discipleship / PagigingAlagad Son / Anak Salvation / Kaligtasan Church / Iglesya End / Wakas Ethics / TuntuninngMoralidad Holy Spirit / Espiritu Santo

26. Groupwork

27. 1. Jesus’ Failure to Heal? Mark 8:22ff –As they came to Bethsaida, some people brought a blind man to Jesus. They begged Jesus to touch him. Jesus took the blind man's hand & led him out of the village. He spit into the man's eyes & placed his hands on him. Jesus asked him, "Can you see anything?” The man looked up & said, "I see people. They look like trees walking around.” Then Jesus placed his hands on the man's eyes a second time, & the man saw clearly. His sight was normal again. He could see everything clearly even at a distance. Jesus told him when he sent him home, "Don't go into the village."

28. 1. Jesus’ Failure to Heal? Then Jesus & his disciples went to the villages around Caesarea Philippi. On the way he asked his disciples, "Who do people say I am?” They answered him, "Some say you are John the Baptizer, others Elijah, still others one of the prophets.” He asked them, "But who do you say I am?" Peter answered him, "You are the Messiah!” He ordered them not to tell anyone about him.

29. 1. Jesus’ Failure to Heal? Then he began to teach them that the Son of Man would have to suffer a lot. He taught them that he would be rejected by the leaders, the chief priests, & the scribes. He would be killed, but after three days he would come back to life. He told them very clearly what he meant. Peter took him aside & objected to this. Jesus turned, looked at his disciples, & objected to what Peter said. Jesus said, "Get out of my way, Satan! You aren't thinking the way God thinks but the way humans think."

30. 1. Jesus’ Failure to Heal? Then Jesus called the crowd to himself along with his disciples. He said to them, "Those who want to follow me must say no to the things they want, pick up their crosses, & follow me. Those who want to save their lives will lose them. But those who lose their lives for me & for the Good News will save them. What good does it do for people to win the whole world yet lose their lives? Or what should a person give in exchange for life? If people are ashamed of me & what I say in this unfaithful & sinful generation, the Son of Man will be ashamed of those people when he comes with the holy angels in his Father's glory."

31. Conclusion Bakithindigumalingangbulagkagad? Bakithindibuoangunanggawani Jesus? Nagkamalibasiyaokulangbaangkanyangkapangyarihan? Halimbawabaangbulagngisangmasmalakingbagay? Sa salaysay, sinoangtotoongbulagnanangangailanganmagpagaling 2 beses? Bulag din baako? Anoba’nghindikonapansinkay Jesus?

32. The story of the blind man being healed again is talking about how the kahitsino needed to be healed again of their understanding of who Jesus was. It was not enough for them to realise who he was, they also needed to understand what he came to do – that he came to suffer and die. The story of Jesus interaction with the blind man is talking about how the disciples also needed to see clearly who Jesus was.

33. 2. Jesus & the Fig Tree Mark 11:12ff – The next day, when they left Bethany, Jesus became hungry. In the distance he saw a fig tree with leaves. He went to see if he could find any figs on it. When he came to it, he found nothing but leaves because it wasn't the season for figs. Then he said to the tree, "No one will ever eat fruit from you again!" His disciples heard this.

34. 2. Jesus & the Fig Tree When they came to Jerusalem, Jesus went into the temple courtyard & began to throw out those who were buying & selling there. He overturned the moneychangers' tables & the chairs of those who sold pigeons. He would not let anyone carry anything across the temple courtyard. Then he taught them by saying, "Scripture says, 'My house will be called a house of prayer for all nations,' but you have turned it into a gathering place for thieves.” When the chief priests & scribes heard him, they looked for a way to kill him. They were afraid of him because he amazed all the crowds with his teaching. (Every evening Jesus & his disciples would leave the city.)

35. 2. Jesus & the Fig Tree While Jesus & his disciples were walking early in the morning, they saw that the fig tree had dried up. Peter remembered what Jesus had said, so he said to Jesus, "Rabbi, look! The fig tree you cursed has dried up.” Jesus said to them, "Have faith in God! I can guarantee this truth: This is what will be done for someone who doesn't doubt but believes what he says will happen: He can say to this mountain, 'Be uprooted & thrown into the sea,' & it will be done for him. That's why I tell you to have faith that you have already received whatever you pray for, & it will be yours. Whenever you pray, forgive anything you have against anyone. Then your Father in heaven will forgive your failures."

36. Conclusion Anoba’ngibigsabihinng fig tree? Bakitba 2 bahagiangsalaysaynito? Bakitbaisinumpani Jesus ang fig tree? Posiblenabaang fig tree ay isanghalimbawangmasmalakingbagay? Sino oanobaangtotoong fig tree? Paanobaako ay nagingkatuladng fig tree?

37. The fig tree is really a story of the Temple. The Temple was intended to bear fruit – as a house of prayer for the nations – but since it was not doing that it would be done away with & replaced with something better suited to fruit-bearing.

39. Incarnation PagigingKarne

40. Special Revelation: The Incarnation Mark 1:1 – “This is the beginning of the Good News about Jesus Christ, the Son of God.” Marcos 1:1 –“Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.” Paanonangyari ito?

41. Special Revelation: The Incarnation Mark 1:1 – “This is the beginning of the Good News about Jesus Christ, the Son of God.” Marcos 1:1 –“Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.” Paanonangyariito? There are 4 ways we can understand the Incarnation of God in Jesus Christ. / Meron 4 naparaanparamaunawaannatinangPagigingKarnengDiyoskayJesu-Kristo.

42. Jesus presence Marcos 1:1 – “Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.” The Incarnation

43. proximity / kalapitan Jesus presence Marcos 1:1 – “Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.” The Incarnation

44. proximity / kalapitan Jesus powerlessness / walang-kapangyarihan presence Marcos 1:1 – “Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.” The Incarnation

45. proximity / kalapitan Jesus powerlessness / walang-kapangyarihan presence Marcos 1:1 – “Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.” proclamation / pahayag The Incarnation

46. Jesus presence Marcos 1:1 – “Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.” Presence The Incarnation: In Jesus the eternal God is fully present with us. He is God & not just a representative of God.

47. Presence The Incarnation: Mark 8:27-30 – “Then Jesus & his disciples went to the villages around Caesarea Philippi. On the way he asked his disciples, ‘Who do people say I am?’ They answered him, ‘Some say you are John the Baptizer, others Elijah, still others one of the prophets.’ He asked them, ‘But who do you say I am?’ Peter answered him, ‘You are the Messiah!’” Nang pasimula ay naroonnaangSalita; angSalita ay kasamangDiyos, at angSalita ay Diyos. Sa pasimula ay kasamanasiyangDiyos…. AngSalita ay nagingtao at nanirahansa piling namin. Nakitanaminangkaluwalhatiangtunaynakanyabilangkaisa-isangAnakngAma. Siya ay pusposngkagandahang-loob at ngkatotohanan.

48. Presence The Incarnation: Acts as God: Calls Men Mk 1:16-20 – “As he was going along the Sea of Galilee, he saw Simon & his brother Andrew. They were throwing a net into the sea because they were fishermen. Jesus said to them, "Come, follow me! I will teach you how to catch people instead of fish.” They immediately left their nets & followed him. As Jesus went on a little farther, he saw James & John, the sons of Zebedee. They were in a boat preparing their nets to go fishing. He immediately called them, & they left their father Zebedee & the hired men in the boat & followed Jesus.”

49. Presence The Incarnation: Acts as God: Teaches with Authority Mk 1:22 – “The people were amazed at his teachings. Unlike their scribes, he taught them with authority.” Cleanses Lepers Mk 1:40-44 – “Then a man with a serious skin disease came to him. The man fell to his knees & begged Jesus, "If you're willing, you can make me clean.” Jesus felt sorry for him, reached out, touched him, & said, "I'm willing. So be clean!” Immediately, his skin disease went away, & he was clean. Jesus sent him away at once & warned him, “Don't tell anyone about this! Instead, show yourself to the priest. Then offer the sacrifices which Moses commanded as proof to people that you are clean.”

50. Mark 1:1 This is the beginning of the Good News about Jesus Christ, the Son of God. Mark 3:11 Whenever people with evil spirits saw him, they would fall down in front of him & shout, "You are the Son of God!” Mark 5:7 & shouted, "Why are you bothering me now, Jesus, Son of the Most High God? Swear to God that you won't torture me.” Mark 15:39 When the officer who stood facing Jesus saw how he gave up his spirit, he said, "Certainly, this man was the Son of God!” Presence The Incarnation:

51. proximity Jesus presence Marcos 1:1 – “Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.” The Incarnation: Proximity / Kalapitan Christ drew near to us so we can draw near to him. He "befriended outcast people & lived life in proximity with the broken & the lost."

52. Mark 2:15-16 – Later Jesus was having dinner at Levi's house. Many tax collectors & sinners who were followers of Jesus were eating with him & his disciples. When the scribes who were Pharisees saw him eating with sinners & tax collectors, they asked his disciples, "Why does he eat with tax collectors & sinners?" The Incarnation: Proximity / Kalapitan

53. Mark 1:16-20 – “As he was going along the Sea of Galilee, he saw Simon & his brother Andrew. They were throwing a net into the sea because they were fishermen. Jesus said to them, "Come, follow me! I will teach you how to catch people instead of fish.” They immediately left their nets & followed him. As Jesus went on a little farther, he saw James & John, the sons of Zebedee. They were in a boat preparing their nets to go fishing. He immediately called them, & they left their father Zebedee & the hired men in the boat & followed Jesus.” The Incarnation: Proximity / Kalapitan

54. Powerlessness Walang-Kapangyarihan proximity Jesus powerlessness presence Marcos 1:1 – “Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.” The Incarnation: God takes the form of a servant & not that of someone who rules over us. "Shows us how love & humility reflect the true nature of God & are the key means transform human society."

55. Powerlessness Walang-Kapangyarihan The Incarnation: Mark 10:42-45 – “Jesus called the apostles & said, ‘You know that the acknowledged rulers of nations have absolute power over people & their officials have absolute authority over people. But that's not the way it's going to be among you. Whoever wants to become great among you will be your servant. Whoever wants to be most important among you will be a slave for everyone. It's the same way with the Son of Man. He didn't come so that others could serve him. He came to serve& to give his life as a ransom for many people.’”

56. Powerlessness Walang-Kapangyarihan The Incarnation: Mark 1:10-13 – “As Jesus came out of the water, he saw heaven split open & the Spirit coming down to him as a dove. A voice from heaven said, ‘You are my Son, whom I love. I am pleased with you.’ At once the Spirit brought him into the desert, where he was tempted by Satan for 40 days. He was there with the wild animals, & the angels took care of him.” Mark 13:11 – When they take you away to hand you over to the authorities, don't worry ahead of time about what you will say. Instead, say whatever is given to you to say when the time comes. Indeed, you are not the one who will be speaking, but the Holy Spirit will.

57. Powerlessness Walang-Kapangyarihan The Incarnation: Mark 3:22-30 – “The scribes who had come from Jerusalem said, ‘Beelzebulis in him,’ & ‘He forces demons out of people with the help of the ruler of demons.’ Jesus called them together & used this illustration: ‘How can Satan force out Satan? If a kingdom is divided against itself, that kingdom cannot last. And if a household is divided against itself, that household will not last. So if Satan rebels against himself & is divided, he cannot last. That will be the end of him. No one can go into a strong man's house & steal his property. First he must tie up the strong man. Then he can go through the strong man's house & steal his property. I can guarantee this truth: People will be forgiven for any sin or curse. But whoever curses the Holy Spirit will never be forgiven. He is guilty of an everlasting sin.’ Jesus said this because the scribes had said that he had an evil spirit.

58. proximity Jesus powerlessness presence Marcos 1:1 – “Ito angMagandangBalitatungkolkayJesu-Cristo, angAnakngDiyos.” proclamation The Incarnation: Proclamation / Pahayag Dignified all that is human / Sinabiniyanamahalagaangatingpagigingtao. Heralded the reign of God Called people to respond in repentance & faith This is the start of the gospel invitation

59. Mark 1:14-15 – After John had been put in prison, Jesus went to Galilee and told people the Good News of God. He said, "The time has come, and the kingdom of God is near. Change the way you think and act, and believe the Good News." The Incarnation: Proclamation / Pahayag

60. Mark 1:38-39 – Jesus said to them, “Let's go somewhere else, to the small towns that are nearby. I have to spread the Good News in them also. This is why I have come.” So he went to spread the Good News in the synagogues all over Galilee, and he forced demons out of people. The Incarnation: Proclamation / Pahayag

61. How does Jesus' Incarnation relate to our lives? Our calling is to live Christ-like lives on earth as testimonies of his goodness. In many ways we are the only Bible many people will ever see. In many ways the Word of God also becomes flesh in us as we live out the truths of the Bible in our own lives. We can relate the four understandings of Christ's Incarnation in our mission to the world.

62. Jesus Jesus' people ”They went out of the tomb & ran away. Shock & trembling had overwhelmed them. They didn’t say anything to anyone, because they were afraid." Mark 16:8 "the Word became flesh & dwelt among us & we have seen his glory" John 1:14 proximity / kalapitan powerlessness / walang-kapangyarihan presence proclamation / pahayag Incarnational Mission

66. Powerlessness Walang-Kapangyarihan proximity Jesus Jesus' people powerlessness presence ”They went out of the tomb & ran away. Shock & trembling had overwhelmed them. They didn’t say anything to anyone, because they were afraid." Mark 16:8 "the Word became flesh & dwelt among us & we have seen his glory" John 1:14 Incarnational Mission: We must commit to servanthood & humility To each other To the world

67. Powerlessness Walang-Kapangyarihan proximity Jesus Jesus' people powerlessness presence ”They went out of the tomb & ran away. Shock & trembling had overwhelmed them. They didn’t say anything to anyone, because they were afraid." Mark 16:8 "the Word became flesh & dwelt among us & we have seen his glory" John 1:14 Incarnational Mission: Mark 10:42-45 – Jesus called the apostles and said, "You know that the acknowledged rulers of nations have absolute power over people and their officials have absolute authority over people. But that's not the way it's going to be among you. Whoever wants to become great among you will be your servant. Whoever wants to be most important among you will be a slave for everyone. It's the same way with the Son of Man. He didn't come so that others could serve him. He came to serve and to give his life as a ransom for many people."

68. proximity Jesus Jesus' people powerlessness presence ”They went out of the tomb & ran away. Shock & trembling had overwhelmed them. They didn’t say anything to anyone, because they were afraid." Mark 16:8 "the Word became flesh & dwelt among us & we have seen his glory" John 1:14 proclamation Incarnational Mission: Proclamation / Pahayag Always be willing to share the Good News with those within our world. We are a "message tribe." – we exist to proclaim a message of Good News. God has given us the job of proclaiming the Good News.

69. proximity Jesus Jesus' people powerlessness presence ”They went out of the tomb & ran away. Shock & trembling had overwhelmed them. They didn’t say anything to anyone, because they were afraid." Mark 16:8 "the Word became flesh & dwelt among us & we have seen his glory" John 1:14 proclamation Incarnational Mission: Proclamation / Pahayag Mark 3:14 – He appointed 12 whom he called apostles. They were to accompany him and to be sent out by him to spread the Good News.

70. proximity Jesus Jesus' people powerlessness presence ”They went out of the tomb & ran away. Shock & trembling had overwhelmed them. They didn’t say anything to anyone, because they were afraid." Mark 16:8 "the Word became flesh & dwelt among us & we have seen his glory" John 1:14 proclamation Incarnational Mission: Proclamation / Pahayag Mark 8:35 – Those who want to save their lives will lose them. But those who lose their lives for me and for the Good News will save them. Mark 10:29 – Jesus said, "I can guarantee this truth: Anyone who gave up his home, brothers, sisters, mother, father, children, or fields because of me and the Good News Mark 13:10 – But first, the Good News must be spread to all nations.

71. proximity Jesus Jesus' people powerlessness presence ”They went out of the tomb & ran away. Shock & trembling had overwhelmed them. They didn’t say anything to anyone, because they were afraid." Mark 16:8 "the Word became flesh & dwelt among us & we have seen his glory" John 1:14 proclamation Incarnational Mission: Proclamation / Pahayag Mark 14:9 – I can guarantee this truth: Wherever the Good News is spoken in the world, what she has done will also be told in memory of her.” Mark 16:15 – Then Jesus said to them, "So wherever you go in the world, tell everyone the Good News. Mark 16:20 – The disciples spread the Good News everywhere. The Lord worked with them. He confirmed his word by the miraculous signs that accompanied it.

72. Your Group Name ”They went out of the tomb & ran away. Shock & trembling had overwhelmed them. They didn’t say anything to anyone, because they were afraid." Mark 16:8 Group Assignment gaano ka lapit? paanoipinapakitaang powerlessness? nasaanbakami? anoba'ng good news?

73. proximity Jesus Jesus' people cultural group powerlessness presence "I have become all things to all people, that I might by all means save some. I do it all for the sake of the gospel, so that I may share in its blessings" 1Co 9:22-23 "the Word became flesh & dwelt among us & we have seen his glory" John 1:14 proclamation "A Church in Every Community" Stage 1: Incarnational Mission stage 1: engage in mission Mission into cultural group aims at establishing a faith community

74. proximity proximity Jesus Jesus' people Jesus Jesus' people powerlessness powerlessness presence presence "I have become all things to all people, that I might by all means save some. I do it all for the sake of the gospel, so that I may share in its blessings" 1Co 9:22-23 "I have become all things to all people, that I might by all means save some. I do it all for the sake of the gospel, so that I may share in its blessings" 1Co 9:22-23 "the Word became flesh & dwelt among us & we have seen his glory" John 1:14 "the Word became flesh & dwelt among us & we have seen his glory" John 1:14 proclamation proclamation "A Church in Every Community" cultural group Stage 2: Incarnational Church Church is incarnated & implanted into cultural group stage 2: establish missional church

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