The document discusses key aspects of the World Trade Organization (WTO). It describes the WTO as an international organization that regulates trade between countries through negotiating trade agreements, settling disputes, and maintaining a global trading system based on rules. The document outlines two main tariff systems used by WTO members: the Most Favored Nation tariff, which requires equal trade advantages be given to all member countries, and the Least Developed Country tariff, which aims to help developing economies through preferential market access. It also provides background on the establishment of the WTO and lists its current director general and 157 member countries.
1. WTO
Presentation by: Kamaal Hansel; Fakhrul Alam; Kelly
Harold Mercer; Micah Holdford; madickson-rudisch
and Luis del Solar.
2. index
1.WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO).
2.WTO BACKGROUND.
3.MOST FAVOURED NATION TARIFF (MFN).
4.LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRIES TARIFF
(LDC’S).
3. The purpose of WTO
an organization that deals with trade regulations
between its participant countries
Negotiates trade agreenments
Settle trade disputes
Operates a trade system with rules
The organizations goal is to help producers of goods
and services, exporters and importers conduct their
business
4. What WTO can do
Cut living cost and raise standards
Stimulate economic growth and employment
Cut business cost internationally support
environment and health
Help countries develop
Wto saves countries form getting into disputes by
solving 400 problems within the trading society.
5.
6. Members of WTO
http://www.wto.org/englis
h/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_
e/org6_e.htm
Wto is a public form which includes
government, nongovernmental
organizations,academics,businesses and
students to come together to discuss latest
issues regarding the multi trading system.
7. Members Continued
There are 157 members of WTO
Newest members are:
Montenegro joined April 29 2012
Samoa May 10
Russian federation August 22
Vanuatu August 24
8. The leader
WTO- current director general is Pascal Lamy. He is
appointed as the 5 director general of WTO
Appointed september 1st 2005 for a 4 year term
Appointed again on april 2009 for a second 4 year
term
9. Secretarait
• Under the director general there are secretaries
theses people are a multicultural team that is highly
qualified individuals who supply technical and
professional support for councils and commetties.
• They provide technical assistance for developing
countries
• Monitor and analyze development in world trade
• Provide info to the public and media
10.
11. WTO background
officially put in effect on January 1, 1995.
The WTO is an entity conform of 157 members and
27 observers governments (Ian F. Ferguson), in
which members represent 95% of the world trade
The United States of America and several other
developed countries, well aware of the trade barriers
after World War II, worked together to establish an
open trading system, which would allow the raise of
economic well-being of all countries in the world.
12. Background
agreements are based on the principle of non-
discriminatory treatment among countries
Many topics were discussed through the course of
the development of the WTO, such as rules and
regulations, but one of the major ones was the
different tariff treatments or preferential types of
tariffs for developing countries.
13. Tariff treatment
Most Favoured Nation Tariff (MFN):
The most known and common tariff treatment used nowadays is, the Most
Favoured Nation Tariff (MFN). The term stands for a country which is the
recipient of this treatment, must receive equal trade advantages, such as
high import quotas and low tariffs, as the most favoured nation by the
country granting such treatment. Country members of the WTO, came to
an status agreement between each other, with the exception of preferential
treatment of some developing countries, free trade areas and customs
unions. The MFN treatment created many benefits among the countries
under such treatment, smaller countries could participate and compete
against the bigger ones. Having one set of tariffs simplified the rules and
made them more transparent and easier to follow. But, despite some of the
benefits mentioned, there are still some factors of argument when
discussing MFN treatment. Many complain that the treatment is related to
the substantial protection to investors and investments. In fact, many
complain that the protection was issued fundamentally to ensure that
investors receive the most favourable treatment possible.
14. Least Developed Country Tariff (LDC’s)
It came to WTO’s attention that many developing countries
where encountering socio-economic issues. During a meeting
held between WTO members and representatives from LDC’s,
it was agreed that the time had come for the developed
nations to look after the developing ones. The meeting was
meaningful for all parties and helped developing countries to
strengthen their structural weaknesses. There were very
positive results, European Communities eliminated
discrimination among all LDC’s from January 1998 and giving
them equal treatment. United States of America did its part as
well, granting improved access to the US markets for the
countries of the African continent. Other WTO members
agreed on eliminating and creating new preferential market
access tariffs to LDC’s.
