1. COMMUNICATION

2. Communication
• Communication is the exchange of ideas,
opinions and information through written or
oral or in action.
• Basically communication process need
sender, medium and receiver.

3. Nature of communication
Communication can be divided broadly into
two categories
• Verbal communication
• Non-verbal communication

4. Communication Process

5. Business communication
• Business Communication is neither
transmission of message nor message itself.
It is the mutual exchange of understanding.
• The basic functions of management cannot
be performed well without effective
communication.
• Feedback is integral part of business
communication.

6. Types
Business Communication can be of two
types:
• Oral Communication - An oral
communication can be formal or informal.
• Written Communication - Written means of
business communication.

7. Advantages of Oral Communication
•There is high level of understanding and
transparency.
•There is flexibility for allowing changes in the
decisions previously taken.
•The feedback is spontaneous in case of oral
communication. Thus, decisions can be made
quickly without any delay.
•Oral communication is not only time saving, but
it also saves upon money and efforts.
•Oral communication is best in case of problem
resolution.

8. Limitations of Oral Communication
•There may be misunderstanding.
•It requires attentiveness and great receptivity
on part of the receivers/audience.
•Oral communication (such as speeches) is not
frequently used as legal records except in
investigation work.

9. Advantages of Written
Communication
•Written communication helps in laying down
apparent principles and policies for running
of an organization.
•It provides ready records and references.
•It assists in proper delegation of authority.
While in case of oral communication, it is
impossible to fix and delegate.
•Legal defenses can depend upon written
communication as it provides valid records.

10. Disadvantages of Written
Communication
•Written communication does not save upon
the costs.
•Written communication is time-consuming as
the feedback is not immediate.
•Effective written communication requires
great skills.
• Too much paper work and e-mails burden is
involved.

11. Importance of communication in an
organization
• promotes motivation.
• source of information.
• altering individual attitudes.
• controlling process.

12. Communication Flows
Communication
flow
Internal
communication
Upward
communication
flow
Downward
communication
flow
Horizontal/lateral
communication
flow
External
communication
External
communication
flow

13. Upward Flow of Communication
• Communication that flows from lower level
to higher level in an organization.
• It provides feedback on how well the
organization is functioning.
• The subordinates use upward
communication to convey their problems
and performances to their superiors.

14. Downward Flow of Communication
•Communication that flows from a higher
level in an organization to a lower level is a
downward communication.
•Giving job instructions and provide feedback
to their performance.
•Both Downward & Upward Communications
are collectively called “Vertical
Communication”

15. Lateral / Horizontal Communication
• Communication that takes place at same
levels of hierarchy in an organization is
called horizontal communication.
• Horizontal Communication is essential for:
– Solving problems
– Accomplishing tasks
– Improving teamwork
– Boosting efficiency

16. External Communication
• Communication with people outside the
company is called external communication.
• It leads to better Sales volume.
• It improve Overall performance, Public
goodwill and Corporate image.

17. Grapevine communication
•Grapevine is an informal channel of business
communication.
•It stretches throughout the organization in all
directions irrespective of the authority levels.
•Grapevine channels carry information rapidly.
•The grapevine is not trustworthy always
because it spread more by gossips and
unconfirmed report.

18. Communication barriers
• Perceptual and Language Differences
• Information Overload
• Inattention
• Time Pressures
• Complexity in Organizational Structure

19. To Overcome the Communication
Barriers
• Eliminating differences in perception
• Use of Simple Language
• Active Listening
• Simple Organizational Structure
• Avoid Information Overload

20. 7 C’s of effective communication
1. Completeness
2. Conciseness
3. Consideration
4. Clarity
5. Concreteness
6. Courtesy
7. Correctness